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\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u53c2\u52a0\u8d1d\u5fb7\u798f\u5fb7\u4f2f\u7235\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\u4f7f\u5e74\u9752\u7684\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u5d2d\u9732\u5934\u89d2\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\u5219\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e3e\u6210\u540d\u30021908\u5e74\uff0c\u65f6\u5e7431\u5c81\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u63a2\u9669\u5bb6\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u4e2a\u4eba\u51fa\u8d44\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e00\u652f\u4e13\u4e1a\u800c\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c71\u897f\u3001\u9655\u897f\u3001\u7518\u8083\u7b49\u5730\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u5730\uff0c\u5bf9\u9ec4\u571f\u9ad8\u539f\u8179\u5730\u7684\u5730\u8c8c\u3001\u5730\u8d28\u3001\u6c14\u8c61\u3001\u52a8\u7269\u3001\u690d\u7269\u7b49\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u8003\u5bdf\u30021908\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\u5148\u9063\u4eba\u5458\u4e58\u5750\u706b\u8f66\u6765\u5230\u672c\u6b21\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\u524d\u8fdb\u57fa\u5730\u592a\u539f\u505c\u9a7b\u4e86\u56db\u4e2a\u534a\u6708\uff0c\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u4e0e\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u8fd9\u4e24\u4f4d\u672a\u6765\u7684\u631a\u53cb\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u5ea7\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u751f\u6d3b\u4e86\u8fd1\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u4ea4\u96c6\u3002\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u591f\u53d7\u9080\u52a0\u5165\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u521a\u521a\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86\u664b\u9655\u4e24\u7701\u7684\u8003\u5bdf\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u5730\u533a\u6bd4\u8f83\u719f\u6089\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4f18\u52bf\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u80cc\u666f\u4e5f\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u52a0\u5165\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u8f6c\u6298\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ece\u6b64\u660e\u786e\u4e86\u4eba\u751f\u76ee\u6807\u5e76\u6b63\u5f0f\u62e5\u6709\u4e86\u535a\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e0e\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u957f\u8fbe\u4e00\u751f\u7684\u53cb\u8c0a\uff0c\u8d85\u7ea7\u5bcc\u4e8c\u4ee3\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u8d5e\u52a9\u6210\u4e3a\u4ed6\u540e\u6765\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u8003\u5bdf\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\u4e0e\u652f\u6491\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u25a01908\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\u90e8\u5206\u961f\u5458\u5408\u5f71\uff0c\u4ece\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\uff1a\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u3001\u9886\u961f\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u3001\u753b\u5bb6\u79d1\u5e03\u3001\u603b\u7ba1\u683c\u5170\u7279\u3001\u533b\u751f\u9053\u683c\u62c9\u65af<\/p>\n

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\u25a0\u9047\u5bb3\u7684\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\u6d4b\u7ed8\u5458\u963f\u91cc\u3002\u7167\u7247\u62cd\u6444\u4e8e\u592a\u539f\uff0c\u80cc\u666f\u4e3a\u5c0f\u4e94\u53f0\u5bfa\u5e99\u4e0e\u592a\u539f\u5e9c\u57ce\u5899\u4e1c\u5357\u89d2\u697c\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u25a01908\u5e749\u670829\u65e5\u65e9\u6668\uff0c\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u7684\u59b9\u59b9\u4ece\u592a\u539f\u57ce\u5185\u9a91\u9a6c\u6765\u5230\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5357\u793e\u6751\u7684\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\u8425\u5730\u4e3a\u54e5\u54e5\u9001\u884c\uff0c\u5979\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u5973\u4f20\u6559\u58eb<\/p>\n

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\u25a0\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u4e0e\u4ed6\u6253\u5230\u7684\u5927\u9e28\uff0c\u72e9\u730e\u662f\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\u7684\u8865\u7ed9\u6765\u6e90\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4f7f\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u795e\u67aa\u624b<\/p>\n

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\u25a01908\u5e74\u5723\u8bde\u8282\u524d\uff0c\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\uff08\u53f3\uff09\u4e0e\u514b\u62c9\u514b\uff08\u5de6\uff09\u5c55\u793a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u730e\u7269<\/p>\n

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\u25a0\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\uff08\u5de6\uff09\u4e0e\u683c\u5170\u7279\uff08\u4e2d\uff09\u72e9\u730e\u7684\u6536\u83b7<\/p>\n

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\u25a0\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\u201c\u7a7f\u8d8a\u9655\u7518\u201d\u4ece\u592a\u539f\u51fa\u53d1\u53ca\u8fd4\u56de\u592a\u539f\u7684\u8def\u7ebf<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5f0f\u51fa\u53d1\u4e5d\u4e2a\u6708\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\u5728\u5170\u5dde\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u961f\u5458\u9047\u5bb3\u800c\u88ab\u8feb\u6298\u8fd4\uff0c\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u7b49\u4eba\u63d0\u524d\u8fd4\u56de\u5317\u4eac\u5904\u7406\u9047\u5bb3\u961f\u5458\u5584\u540e\u4e8b\u5b9c\uff0c\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u4e0e\u683c\u5170\u7279\u7387\u9886\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u884c\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u51fa\u53d1\u65f6\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u7a7f\u8d8a\u79e6\u664b\uff0c\u4ece\u519b\u6e21\u6e21\u8fc7\u9ec4\u6cb3\u8fdb\u5165\u5c71\u897f\uff0c\u7ecf\u6c7e\u5dde\u8fd4\u56de\u592a\u539f\u3002\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u5f53\u65f6\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u60f3\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5c06\u4f1a\u5728\u4e24\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u53d1\u6325\u6781\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

1909\u5e749\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\u56de\u5230\u592a\u539f\u540e\u89e3\u6563\uff0c\u8003\u5bdf\u5ba3\u544a\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\u884c\u7a0b3200\u516c\u91cc\uff0c\u5386\u65f6480\u4f59\u5929\u3002\u4e8b\u540e\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u548c\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u64b0\u5199\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u300a\u7a7f\u8d8a\u9655\u7518\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5176\u5b83\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u95ee\u4e16\uff0c\u4f7f\u8fd9\u6b21\u8003\u5bdf\u6d3b\u52a8\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6210\u679c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u5411\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u9ec4\u571f\u9ad8\u539f\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u4eba\u6587\u5730\u7406\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u5f53\u5730\u81ea\u7136\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u8fc1\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6c11\u751f\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u73cd\u8d35\u6587\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5982\u4e00\u4f4d\u670b\u53cb\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u90a3\u6837\uff1a\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u201c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ffd\u6c42\u5e7f\u9614\u5929\u5730\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u81ea\u5728\u9053\u8def\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u8840\u6db2\u91cc\u5929\u751f\u5c31\u6709\u6210\u957f\u4e3a\u535a\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u3002\u2026\u2026\u4ed6\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u81ea\u5df2\u5927\u5c55\u62f3\u811a\u7684\u5929\u5730\u201d\u3002\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u6210\u4e3a\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u535a\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u63a2\u9669\u5bb6\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u81f4\u529b\u548c\u8ff7\u604b\u4e8e\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u8179\u5730\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u8db3\u8ff9\u8e0f\u904d\u534a\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u9886\u57df\u591a\u6709\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u5c11\u6709\u7684\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u901a\u201d\u3002\u957f\u5e74\u7684\u91ce\u5916\u79d1\u8003\u548c\u98ce\u9910\u9732\u5bbf\u4e5f\u5bf9\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u635f\u5bb3\uff0c\u5173\u8282\u708e\u6298\u78e8\u4e86\u4ed6\u4e00\u751f\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u7d22\u6bd4\u5c14\u81ea\u613f\u56de\u56fd\u53c2\u6218\u65f6\u4e5f\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u961f\u201d\u4ece\u4e8b\u6587\u804c\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

1911\u5e7410\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u8f9b\u4ea5\u9769\u547d\u7206\u53d1\uff0c10\u670829\u65e5\uff0c\u592a\u539f\u6210\u4e3a\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8d77\u4e49\u603b\u53f8\u4ee4\u59da\u4ee5\u4ef7\u5728\u8fdb\u9a7b\u4e1c\u5939\u5df7\u6559\u4f1a\u533b\u9662\u6307\u6325\u8d77\u4e49\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ca\u65f6\u5bf9\u5916\u56fd\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5b89\u629a\uff0c\u4f46\u6e83\u5175\u5f15\u53d1\u7684\u9a9a\u4e71\u548c\u52ab\u63a0\u4ecd\u7136\u8ba9\u4eba\u60f6\u6050\u4e0d\u5b89\uff0c\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u4e0e\u7236\u4eb2\u53ca\u5f1f\u5f1f\u3001\u59b9\u59b9\u79bb\u5f00\u592a\u539f\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u5317\u4eac\u907f\u96be\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c31\u5728\u592a\u539f\u5c40\u52bf\u5b89\u5b9a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u90bb\u7701\u9655\u897f\u5374\u9677\u5165\u52a8\u8361\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u6e05\u519b\u5728\u4e0e\u8d77\u4e49\u519b\u4ea4\u6218\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u54e5\u8001\u4f1a\u53ca\u4f17\u591a\u571f\u532a\u4e5f\u5728\u6ee5\u6740\u548c\u6d17\u52ab\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5e9a\u5b50\u6559\u6848\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e8611\u5e74\uff0c\u4f46\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u573a\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u4ecd\u7136\u5fc3\u6709\u4f59\u60b8\uff0c\u5f53\u5305\u62ec6\u540d\u513f\u7ae5\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u53ca\u5176\u5bb6\u7737\u88ab\u8650\u6740\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u5230\u5317\u4eac\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u62c5\u5fc3\u7740\u9655\u897f\u51e0\u5341\u540d\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u7684\u5b89\u5371\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u7531\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5236\u7ea6\u65e0\u6cd5\u6d3e\u9063\u519b\u961f\u6df1\u5165\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5185\u9646\u7701\u4efd\u64a4\u4fa8\uff0c\u5371\u6025\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u633a\u8eab\u800c\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n

1900\u5e74\uff0c\u5c71\u897f\u66fe\u662f\u5e9a\u5b50\u6559\u6848\u6700\u4e3a\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u7701\u4efd\uff0c\u5168\u7701\u88ab\u6740\u6559\u58eb191\u4eba\uff0c\u88ab\u6740\u6559\u5f926060\u4eba\uff0c\u6781\u7aef\u4ec7\u5916\u6b8b\u66b4\u7684\u5c71\u897f\u5de1\u629a\u6bd3\u8d24\uff0c\u5c0644\u5916\u56fd\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u300117\u540d\u4e2d\u56fd\u6559\u5f92\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ece\u5bff\u9633\u62bc\u6765\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u6559\u5e08\u6bd5\u7ff0\u9053\u4e00\u5bb67\u4eba\u62bc\u5230\u5de1\u629a\u8859\u95e8\u897f\u8f95\u95e8\u524d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5206\u8001\u5e7c\u5987\u5b7a\u4e00\u5f8b\u6b8b\u5fcd\u7684\u6740\u5bb3\u80a2\u89e3\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u5168\u5bb6\u8fd4\u56de\u82f1\u56fd\u4f11\u5047\uff0c\u65f6\u5e7415\u5c81\u7684\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5f1f\u5f1f\u3001\u59b9\u59b9\u4e5f\u5c06\u906d\u9047\u4e0d\u6d4b\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u4e0d\u5e78\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u8ba9\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u540c\u4e8b\u548c\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u8fd8\u8d1f\u62c5\u8d77\u4e3a\u5176\u4e2d\u51e0\u4f4d\u64b0\u5199\u8ba3\u544a\u7684\u4ee4\u4eba\u4f24\u611f\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u800c1909\u5e74\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\u6210\u5458\u963f\u91cc\u6beb\u65e0\u9053\u7406\u7684\u88ab\u6740\u5bb3\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e8b\u540e\u5f53\u5730\u5b98\u5458\u7684\u51b7\u6f20\u63a8\u8bff\u66f4\u662f\u8ba9\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u8bb0\u5fc6\u72b9\u65b0\u3002\u5728\u5c40\u52bf\u4e0d\u660e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u60b2\u5267\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u7ecf\u5386\u8fc7\u60b2\u75db\u7684\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u53d7\u9080\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e00\u53ea\u6562\u6b7b\u961f\uff0c\u957f\u9014\u5954\u88ad\u9655\u897f\u53bb\u89e3\u6551\u8eab\u5904\u9669\u5883\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u3002\u8fd9\u652f\u961f\u4f0d\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u9655\u897f\u6551\u63f4\u8fdc\u5f81\u961f\uff08The Shensi ReliefExpedition\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u79f0\u4e3a\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u8f7b\u9a91\u5175\u961f\u6216\u82cf\u67ef\u4ec1\u8f7b\u9a91\u5175\u961f\uff0c\u5168\u961f\u4ec5\u67099\u540d\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u7531\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u745e\u5178\u7684\u5e73\u6c11\u5fd7\u613f\u8005\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u652f\u7cbe\u5e72\u7684\u591a\u56fd\u90e8\u961f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6551\u63f4\u4efb\u52a1\u6210\u8d25\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u80fd\u5426\u5c3d\u5feb\u62b5\u8fbe\u897f\u5b89\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u8ddd\u79bb\u897f\u5b89\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u706b\u8f66\u7ad9\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6cb3\u5357\u6d1b\u9633\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u662f\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u53d6\u9053\u6d1b\u9633\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9a91\u9a6c\u897f\u8fdb\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7d22\u6bd4\u5c14\u6700\u7ec8\u5374\u786e\u5b9a\u4ece\u592a\u539f\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u6df1\u77e5\u884c\u8fdb\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u7cbe\u51c6\u9009\u62e9\u66f4\u662f\u5173\u952e\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u4ece\u592a\u539f\u7ecf\u6c7e\u5dde\u7531\u519b\u6e21\u8fc7\u9ec4\u6cb3\u8fdb\u5165\u9655\u897f\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u7d22\u6bd4\u5c14\u4e24\u5e74\u524d\u521a\u521a\u8d70\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ed6\u719f\u6089\u6cbf\u9014\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6709\u4fe1\u5fc3\u5b89\u5168\u8fc5\u901f\u7684\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u592a\u539f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7d22\u6bd4\u5c14\u6700\u719f\u6089\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5177\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u58f0\u671b\u548c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4eba\u8109\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u653e\u5fc3\u7684\u8d2d\u4e70\u5230\u5f3a\u58ee\u7684\u9a6c\u5339\u548c\u5404\u7c7b\u8865\u7ed9\u7269\u8d44\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u5730\u65b9\u96be\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u7a7f\u8d8a\u9655\u7518\u4ece\u592a\u539f\u51fa\u53d1\u524d\uff0c\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\u9700\u8981\u643a\u5e26\u4e00\u53ea\u730e\u72ac\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7279\u6b8a\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u5728\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u662f\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8fd8\u662f\u9760\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u624d\u4ece\u4ed6\u670b\u53cb\u90a3\u91cc\u501f\u5230\u4e00\u6761\u540d\u53eb\u201c\u7ea6\u745f\u82ac\u201d\u7684\u730e\u72ac\u30021911\u5e74\u7684\u592a\u539f\uff0c\u6ce8\u5b9a\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u6210\u4e3a\u7d22\u6bd4\u5c14\u4eba\u751f\u4e2d\u7684\u524d\u8fdb\u57fa\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n

\u592a\u539f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u652f\u6551\u63f4\u961f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de8\u5927\u8d21\u732e\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e865\u540d\u961f\u5458\uff0c\u5360\u5230\u4e86\u5168\u961f\u7684\u4e00\u534a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u53e6\u59164\u4eba\u5206\u522b\u662f\u5c71\u897f\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6559\u6388\u3001\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u9752\u5e74\u4f1a\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u3001\u6d78\u793c\u4f1a\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u548c\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u5c71\u897f\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u5e74\u4ec517\u5c81\u7684\u513f\u5b50\uff08\u5176\u4f594\u4eba\u5206\u522b\u662f\u4fdd\u5b9a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u517c\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u3001\u4fdd\u5b9a\u5e08\u8303\u5b66\u5802\u6559\u5e08\u3001\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u548c\u5927\u5b66\u751f\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

1911\u5e7412\u67084\u65e5\u6e05\u6668\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3b\u8981\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u4eec\u4e49\u65e0\u53cd\u987e\u7684\u51fa\u53d1\u4e86\uff0c\u8eab\u540e\u53ea\u7559\u4e0b\u98de\u626c\u7684\u5c18\u571f\u548c\u82f1\u96c4\u7684\u5149\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u25a01911\u5e74\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u8f7b\u9a91\u5175\u961f\u884c\u8fdb\u8def\u7ebf\u56fe<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u25a0\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u8f7b\u9a91\u5175\u961f\u5168\u4f539\u540d\u961f\u5458\u5408\u5f71\uff0c\u4ece\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\u4f9d\u6b21\u4e3a\uff1aJ.C. Keyte\u3001H.J. Fairburn\u3001A. de C. Sowerby\uff08\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\uff09\u3001E.T. Nystrom\u3001E.R. Long\u3001J.H. DenverJones\u3001P.D. Evans\u3001F.W. Warrington\u3001W.M. Palmer<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u25a012\u67086\u65e5\uff0c\u6551\u63f4\u961f\u884c\u8fdb\u9014\u4e2d\uff0c\u7167\u7247\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u643a\u5e26\u7684\u540d\u53eb\u5409\u7c73\u7684\u8d5b\u7279\u79cd\u730e\u72ac\u3002\u7ecf\u6768\u6770\u5784\u4e0a\u884c\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u6b64\u5904\u4e3a\u6587\u6c34\u68b5\u5b89\u5bfa\u4e0a\u8d24\u5854<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u25a0\u6587\u6c34\u68b5\u5b89\u5bfa\u4e0a\u8d24\u5854\u73b0\u72b6<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u25a0\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u8f7b\u9a91\u5175\u961f\u5728\u6587\u6c34\u68b5\u5b89\u5bfa\u4e0a\u8d24\u5854\u524d\u5408\u5f71<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u25a0\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u8f7b\u9a91\u5175\u961f\u9014\u7ecf\u7684\u6c7e\u9633\u77f3\u4f5b\u6e7e\uff0c\u4e0a\u56fe\u7531\u7d22\u5c14\u6bd4\u62cd\u6444\u4e8e1909\u5e74\u514b\u62c9\u514b\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\u8fd4\u56de\u592a\u539f\u9014\u4e2d<\/p>\n

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\u25a0\u6c7e\u9633\u77f3\u4f5b\u6e7e\u73b0\u72b6\uff0c\u5f20\u73c9\u62cd\u6444\u4e8e2015\u5e745\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u5317\u671d\u77f3\u7a9f\u7a9f\u6a90\u5df2\u4e0d\u89c1\u8e2a\u5f71\uff0c\u77f3\u4f5b\u6cd5\u76f8\u4f9d\u65e7\u5e84\u4e25<\/p>\n

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