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Ch\u00e2telet-Lomont\uff09\u3002\u4e08\u592b\u5bb6\u5883\u6bb7\u5b9e\uff0c\u662f\u9999\u69df\u7701\u897f\u96f7-\u53d9\u5c14-\u5e03\u83b1\u5179\u57ce\u5821\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\uff0c\u52c3\u826e\u7b2c\u5927\u533a\u585e\u7c73\u5c14-\u5965\u82cf\u74e6\u8981\u585e\u7684\u4e0a\u6821\u53f8\u4ee4\u3002\u5a5a\u793c\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u5723\u6bcd\u9662\u4e3e\u884c\uff0c\u5a5a\u540e\u4e24\u4eba\u5c31\u642c\u5230\u5e03\u83b1\u5179\u57ce\u5821\u5c45\u4f4f\u3002\u57c3\u7c73\u8389\u4ece\u6b64\u6210\u4e86\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u4faf\u7235\u592b\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i02piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/64a57047013878ca\" 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\u201c\u5229\u76ca\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u201d\uff1a\u5728\u8001\u4e08\u4eba\u7684\u65a1\u65cb\u4e0b\uff0c\u7537\u65b9\u5728\u519b\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u664b\u5347\uff0c\u5973\u65b9\u83b7\u5f97\u4faf\u7235\u592b\u4eba\u7684\u5934\u8854\u30021726\u5e74\uff0c20\u5c81\u7684\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u505a\u6bcd\u4eb2\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u53c8\u751f\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u7537\u5b69\u8def\u6613\u65af\uff08Louis-Marie-Florent,1727-1793\uff09\u7ee7\u627f\u7236\u4eb2\u7235\u4f4d\u5e76\u5728\u5927\u9769\u547d\u7206\u53d1\u524d\u5347\u4e3a\u5c06\u519b\u548c\u516c\u7235\uff0c1793\u5e74\u6b7b\u4e8e\u65ad\u5934\u53f0\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u4e0d\u6ee1\u5468\u5c81\u5c31\u592d\u6298\u4e86\u3002\u82e5\u5e72\u5e74\u540e\uff0c43\u5c81\u7684\u4faf\u7235\u592b\u4eba\u53c8\u4ea7\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u79c1\u751f\u5973\u5e76\u4e3a\u6b64\u4ed8\u51fa\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u5b69\u5b50\u4e5f\u53ea\u6d3b\u4e86\u4e00\u5e74\u591a\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u540e\u8bdd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9a7b\u9632\u53f8\u4ee4\u548c\u519b\u5b98\u592a\u592a\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u7ea6\u675f\u4e0d\u4f4f\u5929\u6027\u6d3b\u6cfc\u7684\u57c3\u7c73\u8389\uff0c\u751f\u4e0b\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b69\u5b50\u540e\uff0c\u592b\u59bb\u4e24\u4eba\u6e10\u884c\u6e10\u8fdc\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7ef4\u6301\u7740\u540d\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4faf\u7235\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u9a7b\u9632\u5730\u52c3\u826e\u7b2c\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u592b\u4eba\u6216\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u5c5e\u4e8e\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u5bb6\u65cf\u7684\u897f\u96f7\uff08Cirey\uff09\u5e84\u56ed\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e0d\u8fc7\u95ee\u5bf9\u65b9\u5a5a\u59fb\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6d6a\u6f2b\u6545\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4eba\u4e2d\u4fca\u6770\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\uff0c\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u8005\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u5979\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ea8\u7ed4\u5b50\u5f1f\u76d6\u5e03\u91cc\u6602\u4faf\u7235\u7231\u5f97\u6b7b\u53bb\u6d3b\u6765\uff0c\u4e0d\u60dc\u4ee5\u81ea\u6740\u6765\u633d\u6551\u65e0\u671b\u7684\u7231\u60c5\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u5979\u88ab\u6551\u4e86\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u66f4\u6709\u6743\u52bf\u7684\u5bcc\u5bb6\u5b50\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u9ece\u585e\u7559\u516c\u7235\uff08Louis Fran\u00e7ois Armand du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu,1696-1788\uff09\u6210\u4e86\u5979\u7684\u65b0\u60c5\u4eba\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4f4d\u516c\u7235\u7684\u5bb6\u4e16\u4e0d\u59a8\u591a\u8bf4\u51e0\u53e5\uff0c\u6ca1\u9519\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u4ef2\u9a6c\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e2d\u90a3\u4e2a\u9634\u9669\u7684\u5bb0\u76f8\u3001\u7099\u624b\u53ef\u70ed\u7684\u7ea2\u8863\u4e3b\u6559\u9ece\u585e\u7559\u7684\u540e\u4ee3\uff0c\u51c6\u786e\u8bf4\u662f\u5176\u4f84\u5b59\uff0c\u800c\u8def\u6613\u5341\u56db\u53c8\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u6559\u7236\u3002\u867d\u7136\u51fa\u8eab\u540d\u95e8\uff0c\u9ece\u585e\u7559\u516c\u7235\u53ef\u662f\u4e2a\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u559c\u6b22\u7ed3\u4ea4\u4e09\u6559\u4e5d\u6d41\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u5f02\u7aef\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u5728\u4e0e\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u4ea4\u5f80\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e09\u6b21\u88ab\u5173\u8fdb\u5df4\u58eb\u5e95\u72f1\u3002\u4ed6\u4e5f\u662f\u519b\u4eba\u548c\u5916\u4ea4\u5bb6\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u664b\u5347\u4e3a\u6cd5\u56fd\u5143\u5e05\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6cd5\u5170\u897f\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u8d44\u6df1\u9662\u58eb\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u540e\u8bdd\u3002\u9ece\u585e\u7559\u516c\u7235\u77e5\u9053\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u5bf9\u6570\u5b66\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5c31\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u83ab\u4f69\u5c14\u8482\uff08Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis,1698-1759\uff09\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7ed9\u5979\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i03piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/044f364961de7496\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Jean-MarcNattier\u300a\u9ece\u585e\u7559\u516c\u7235\u50cf\u300b\uff081732\uff09\uff0c\u73b0\u85cf\u91cc\u65af\u672cGulbenkian \u535a\u7269\u9986<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece1733\u5e74\u521d\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u5f00\u59cb\u5411\u83ab\u4f69\u5c14\u8482\u5b66\u4e60\u7269\u7406\u548c\u6570\u5b66\u3002\u540e\u8005\u6b64\u65f6\u5df2\u662f\u5df4\u9ece\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u4e0e\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f1a\u5458\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u725b\u987f\u5b66\u8bf4\u7684\u6cd5\u56fd\u62e5\u8db8\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u53c8\u66fe\u5728\u5df4\u585e\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\u4ece\u5e08\u4e8e\u83b1\u5e03\u5c3c\u5179\u7684\u5927\u5f1f\u5b50\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u4f2f\u52aa\u5229\uff08Johann Bernoulli,1667-1748\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u65e2\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u83b1\u5e03\u5c3c\u8328\u5fae\u79ef\u5206\u7684\u7cbe\u9ad3\uff0c\u53c8\u6df1\u523b\u4e86\u89e3\u725b\u987f\u5b66\u8bf4\u7684\u8981\u4e49\u3002\u6839\u636e\u725b\u987f\u529b\u5b66\uff0c\u83ab\u4f69\u5c14\u8482\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5730\u7403\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u662f\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6241\u7403\u5f62\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u4e24\u6781\u534a\u5f84\u5c0f\u4e8e\u8d64\u9053\u534a\u5f84\uff1b\u800c\u5df4\u9ece\u5929\u6587\u53f0\u53f0\u957f\u5c0f\u5361\u897f\u5c3c\uff08Jacques Cassini,1677-1756\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8fd1\u4f3c\u957f\u7403\u5f62\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8d64\u9053\u534a\u5f84\u8981\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4e24\u6781\u534a\u5f84\u3002\u83ab\u4f69\u5c14\u8482\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7387\u9886\u7684\u8003\u5bdf\u961f\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5b9e\u6d4b\u8bc1\u660e\u6241\u7403\u5f62\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u628a\u6700\u5c0f\u4f5c\u7528\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\u5f52\u4e8e\u4ed6\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8d39\u9a6c\uff08Pierre de Fermat\uff0c1607-1665\uff09\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u5149\u7ebf\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u5728\u65e5\u540e\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u672c\u6587\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u65f6\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u5728\u6210\u4e3a\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u6570\u5b66\u8001\u5e08\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u83ab\u4f69\u5c14\u8482\u4e5f\u6210\u4e86\u5979\u7684\u65b0\u60c5\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i02piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/3e17a763a45e89ca\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u83ab\u4f69\u5c14\u8482 \u56fe\u6e90\uff1aScience Source<\/p>\n<p>\u9ece\u585e\u7559\u516c\u7235\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u540d\u9f0e\u9f0e\u7684\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\u3002\u516c\u7235\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5a5a\u59fb\u5c31\u662f\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\u6697\u4e2d\u64ae\u5408\u7684\uff0c1734\u5e744\u6708\u4ed6\u5a36\u4e86\u6d1b\u6797\u516c\u4e3b\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u02d9\u7d22\u83f2\u4e9a\u4e3a\u59bb\u3002\u5927\u6982\u4e3a\u4e86\u56de\u62a5\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b89\u629a\u65e7\u60c5\u4eba\uff0c\u516c\u7235\u51b3\u5fc3\u628a\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7ed9\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u5fc3\u91cc\u660e\u767d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\u7684\u624d\u534e\u4e0e\u5b66\u8bc6\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u8ba9\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u4faf\u7235\u592b\u4eba\u52a8\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\u539f\u540d\u5f17\u6717\u7d22\u74e6-\u9a6c\u5229\u8036\u00b7\u963f\u9c81\u57c3\uff08Fran\u00e7ois-Marie Arouet\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e2a\u79c1\u751f\u5b50\uff0c\u517b\u7236\u662f\u5df4\u9ece\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6cd5\u9662\u516c\u8bc1\u4eba\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u66f4\u613f\u610f\u4f7f\u7528 \u201c\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\u201d 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src=\"https:\/\/i02piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/69d0fce8e5e289c4\" \/><\/p>\n<p>18\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u897f\u96f7\u5e84\u56ed \u56fe\u6e90\uff1a\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/1772522559484EUUMvd.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1%2F7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3%2F2026-03-03T07%3A22%3A40Z%2F86400%2Fhost%2F4f934961280cbf7ba071d735cb9b680e200474d447b601c859ff3747360dc564\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u65e5\u897f\u96f7\u5e84\u56ed 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Algarotti\uff0c1712-1764\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u7cbe\u901a\u827a\u672f\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u50cf\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\u4e00\u6837\u4e5f\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u5236\u5ea6\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6b23\u8d4f\u8005\u3002\u4ed6\u4e8e1735\u5e74\u79cb\u5929\u9020\u8bbf\u897f\u96f7\u5e84\u56ed\uff0c\u4e24\u5e74\u540e\u5728\u5a01\u5c3c\u65af\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u4e3a\u5973\u58eb\u5199\u7684\u725b\u987f\u5b66\u8bf4\u300b\uff08Il Newtonianismo Per Le Dame, 1737\uff09\u7684\u4e66\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4f4d\u9a91\u58eb\u548c\u4e00\u4f4d\u6dd1\u5973\u5728\u4e94\u65e5\u5185\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u725b\u987f\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u4e0e\u8272\u5f69\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u6249\u9875\u63d2\u56fe\uff0c\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u6dd1\u5973\u5c31\u662f\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\uff0c\u81f3\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e2a\u9a91\u58eb\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee3\u8868\u5979\u7684\u67d0\u4f4d\u6570\u5b66\u8001\u5e08\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u5439\u725b\u2014\u2014\u58f0\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u6307\u5bfc\u8fc7\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i03piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/d0e1c7a570628632\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u963f\u5c14\u52a0\u7f57\u8482\u300a\u4e3a\u5973\u58eb\u5199\u7684\u725b\u987f\u5b66\u8bf4\u300b\u6249\u9875\u63d2\u56fe<\/p>\n<p>\u83ab\u4f69\u5c14\u8482\u4e5f\u7ecf\u5e38\u6765\u897f\u96f7\u5e84\u56ed\uff0c\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u6307\u5bfc\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u5b66\u4e60\u5fae\u79ef\u5206\u3002\u540e\u6765\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u53c8\u6709\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u4f4d\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u662f\u514b\u83b1\u7f57\uff08Alexis Claude Clairaut\uff0c1713-1765\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u662f\u6cd5\u5170\u897f\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u4e0e\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f1a\u5458\uff0c\u725b\u987f\u5b66\u8bf4\u7684\u53c8\u4e00\u4f4d\u6cd5\u56fd\u62e5\u62a4\u8005\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u662f\u5fb7\u56fd\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u67ef\u5c3c\u5e0c\uff08Johann Samuel K\u00f6nig\uff0c1712-1757\uff09\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u66fe\u4e0e\u83ab\u4f69\u5c14\u8482\u540c\u5b66\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u4f2f\u52aa\u5229\u7684\u5f1f\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1738\u5e74\u5df4\u9ece\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u5c31 \u201c\u706b\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u201d \u53d1\u51fa\u60ac\u8d4f\u5f81\u6587\uff0c\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u4e0e\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\u90fd\u80cc\u7740\u5bf9\u65b9\u6295\u7a3f\u5e94\u5f81\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u745e\u58eb\u5927\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u6b27\u62c9\uff08Leonhard Euler\uff0c1707-1783\uff09\u6458\u5f97\u6842\u51a0\uff0c\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u3001\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\u53ca\u53e6\u5916\u56db\u4f4d\u53c2\u8d5b\u8005\u5165\u56f4\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u516c\u62a5\u4e0a\u533f\u540d\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8363\u8a89\u3002 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src=\"https:\/\/i02piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/7fa75299d21ed5da\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u65e5\u897f\u96f7\u5e84\u56ed\u91cc\u6302\u7740\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u8096\u50cf\u7684\u623f\u95f4 \u56fe\u6e90\uff1aPinterest<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece1733\u5e74\u52301743\u5e74\uff0c\u662f\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u4e0e\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\u7684\u201c\u871c\u6708\u201d\u671f\u3002\u5979\u66fe\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u7531\u4e8e\u88ab\u4ed6\u5f81\u670d\u4e86\u7075\u9b42\u800c\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u7231\u60c5\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u5341\u5e74\u91cc\u6211\u662f\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u5e78\u798f\u3002\u6211\u4e0e\u4ed6\u5728\u897f\u96f7\u5171\u540c\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u6ca1\u6709\u4e1d\u6beb\u7684\u538c\u5026\u4e0e\u75b2\u6020\u3002\u5f53\u5e74\u9f84\u548c\u75be\u75c5\u6d88\u5f31\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u7adf\u7136\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5730\u65e0\u6240\u89c9\u5bdf\u2026\u2026\u201d 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src=\"https:\/\/i01piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/96c6f5d073fa63fd\" 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src=\"https:\/\/i02piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/a42a5a92053b0c76\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u6cd5\u6587\u300a\u81ea\u7136\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u539f\u7406\u300b\u521d\u7248\uff081756\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u4eff\u7167\u6b27\u51e0\u91cc\u5f97\u51e0\u4f55\u5b66\uff0c\u725b\u987f\u5728\u300a\u539f\u7406\u300b\u4e2d\u5148\u7ed9\u51fa\u5b9a\u4e49\u3001\u516c\u7406\u548c\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u624d\u5206\u7f16\u3001\u7ae0\u5c55\u5f00\u8bba\u8ff0\u3002\u300a\u539f\u7406\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f \u201c\u8d28\u91cf\u201d\uff08\u5373\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u91cf\uff0c\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4e0e\u4f53\u79ef\u7684\u4e58\u79ef\uff09\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6761\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f 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mv2-mv1\uff1b\u800c\u52a8\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u529b\u5bf9\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u6548\u5e94\uff08\u529f\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u589e\u91cf\u662f\u529b\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0a\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\u0394=1\/2\u00b7mv22-1\/2\u00b7mv12\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u725b\u987f\u7684\u300a\u539f\u7406\u300b\uff0c\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u54c1\u300a\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6559\u672c\u300b\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u662f\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df113\u5c81\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u8def\u6613\u65af\uff08\u5c31\u662f\u540e\u6765\u664b\u5c01\u516c\u7235\u53c8\u4e27\u547d\u65ad\u5934\u53f0\u7684\u90a3\u4f4d\uff09\u5199\u7684\uff0c1740\u5e74\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u533f\u540d\u51fa\u7248\uff0c1741\u5e74\u53c8\u5206\u522b\u5728\u963f\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u4e39\u548c\u4f26\u6566\u91cd\u5370\u3002\u8be5\u4e66\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7248\u5219\u4e8e1742\u5e74\u5728\u963f\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u4e39\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u505a\u4e86\u8f83\u5927\u4fee\u8ba2\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u5177\u540d\uff0c\u4e66\u524d\u8fd8\u9644\u6709\u4f5c\u8005\u50cf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7248\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u540d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e66\u4e2d\u6279\u8bc4\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u5927\u4eba\u7269\u5fb7\u6885\u5170\uff08Jean-Jacques Dortous de 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src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/1772522749735GLE7XV.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1%2F7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3%2F2026-03-03T07%3A25%3A51Z%2F86400%2Fhost%2Fe7ad8361e28e668b8d6646bfb10ce8103ccb5a3aba6452a612c4d17bc5e0965a\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5305\u62ec\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u4e0e\u5fb7\u6885\u5170\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u6d3b\u529b\u201d\u8bba\u6218\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u300a\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u6559\u672c\u300b\u5fb7\u8bd1\u672c\uff08\u83b1\u6bd4\u9521\uff0c1743\uff09<\/p>\n<p>1744\u5e74\uff0c\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u4ee5\u5f53\u5e74\u5df4\u9ece\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u5f81\u6587\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u5b8c\u6210\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u706b\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u300b\u5e76\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u5979\u8fd8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8377\u5170\u4f5c\u5bb6\u66fc\u5fb7\u7ef4\u5c14\uff08Bernard Mandeville, 1670-1733\uff09\u7684\u300a\u871c\u8702\u7684\u5bd3\u8a00\u300b\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u4e66\u7684\u524d\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u4e3a\u5987\u5973\u6559\u80b2\u5f3a\u529b\u8fa9\u62a4\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u6709\u5173\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u5979\u5bf9\u82f1\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u6d1b\u514b\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u89c2\u70b9\u4f5c\u4e86\u6279\u8bc4\uff1b\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b87\u5b99\u89c4\u5f8b\u662f\u5929\u7136\u7684\uff0c\u5148\u9a8c\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i02piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/93e9a1f0b6c39294\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u706b\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u300b\uff08\u5df4\u9ece\uff0c1744\uff09\u5c01\u9762<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u8fd8\u5199\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u4e0e\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u5979\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66\u300b\u6536\u5f55\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5979\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6709\u5173 \u201c\u725b\u987f\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d 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de La Mettrie\uff0c1709-1751\uff09\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u6c83\u5c14\u592b\uff08Christian Wolff,1679-1754\uff09\u3001\u5fb7\u56fd\u56fd\u738b\u8153\u7279\u70c8\u4e8c\u4e16\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\u6bd4\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u591a\u6d3b\u4e8629\u5e74\u30021778\u5e74\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5d07\u62dc\u8005\u3001\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u5f3a\u4eba\u4fc4\u56fd\u5973\u6c99\u7687\u53f6\u5361\u6377\u7433\u5a1c\u4e8c\u4e16\uff0c\u6d3e\u4eba\u4e70\u4e0b\u4e86\u4f0f\u5c14\u6cf0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u85cf\u4e66\u548c\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u624b\u6cfd\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u73cd\u8d35\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u5723\u5f7c\u5f97\u5821\u7684\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u56fd\u5bb6\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i03piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/91c1debdbea04706\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u725b\u987f\u5149\u5b66\u7684\u624b\u7a3f\uff0c2012\u5e74\u4f73\u58eb\u5f97\u4ee527.7\u4e07\u6b27\u5143\u62cd\u51fa\u3002\u56fe\u6e90\uff1a\u7559\u56ed\u793e\u533a\u7f51<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i02piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/da9388441a1f0ba5\" 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src=\"https:\/\/i02piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/6018e522758b3234\" 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src=\"https:\/\/i02piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/d377d474af8130fd\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u62c9\u57fa\u5217\u5c14\u300a\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u4faf\u7235\u592b\u4eba\u300b\uff08c.1740\uff09 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Zacar\u00edas\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u4faf\u7235\u592b\u4eba\u4eca\u665a\u6709\u8bdd\u8981\u8bf4\u300b\uff08Lauren Gunderson\uff09\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u300a\u4e4c\u5170\u59ae\u5a05\uff1a\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u300b\uff08Jyl Bonaguro\uff09\u3002\u82ac\u5170\u5f53\u4ee3\u5973\u4f5c\u66f2\u5bb6\u5361\u4f0a\u5a05\u00b7\u8428\u91cc\u963f\u970d\uff08Kaija Saariaho\uff09\uff0c2000\u5e74\u4ee5\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u6700\u540e\u7684\u65e5\u5b50\u4e3a\u9898\u6750\u521b\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e00\u90e8\u6b4c\u5267\u300a\u57c3\u7c73\u8389\u300b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5728\u6b27\u7f8e\u591a\u51fa\u4e0a\u6f14\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i04piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/43f1ad880c2e37a5\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u5149\u7684\u9057\u4ea7\u300b\u6f14\u51fa\u5267\u7167\uff082009\uff0c\u5f17\u5409\u5c3c\u4e9a\u963f\u7075\u987f\uff09\u56fe\u6e90http:\/\/www.karenzacarias.com\/gallery\/legacy-of-light-gallery\/<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i04piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/fc6aac1de21f3652\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u4faf\u7235\u592b\u4eba\u4eca\u665a\u6709\u8bdd\u8981\u8bf4\u300b\u6f14\u51fa\u5267\u7167\uff082013\uff0c\u5df4\u897f\u5723\u4fdd\u7f57\uff09 \u56fe\u6e90\uff1ahttp:\/\/theatreprorata.org\/new\/wp-content\/gallery\/emilie\/emiliepress1small.jpg<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i01piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/4cc9f0891f47e073\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u4e4c\u5170\u59ae\u5a05\uff1a\u590f\u7279\u83b1\u592b\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u300b\u6f14\u51fa\u5267\u7167\uff082014\uff0c\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\uff09 \u56fe\u6e90\uff1ahttp:\/\/uraniatheplay.com\/<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i02piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/e572967385202f31\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6b4c\u5267\u300a\u57c3\u7c73\u8389\u300b\u6d77\u62a5\uff08\u4fc4\u4ea5\u4fc4Bowling 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