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src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/1772924230643ndJpSV.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1%2F7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3%2F2026-03-07T22%3A57%3A12Z%2F86400%2Fhost%2Fdfe43346fa2cdf8bbf1f7f29e94c17f7efca638d6ebbdd4a83b9431dce58912c\" 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\/>\n\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u88ab\u654c\u89c6\u548c\u4e25\u5bc6\u9632\u8303\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6301\u7eed\u592a\u4e45\uff0c\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u51ed\u501f\u7740\u4ed6\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u6253\u901a\u4e86\u4e0e\u66b9\u7f57\u4e0a\u5c42\u793e\u4f1a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>Kroma-khun\uff0c\u524d\u4efb\u56fd\u738b\u7684\u59b9\u592b\uff08brother in law\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e0d\u82df\u8a00\u7b11\u7684\u8001\u4eba\u5bb6\uff0c\u66fe\u627e\u6211\u53bb\u7ed9\u4ed6\u770b\u8fc7\u75c5\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u501f\u673a\u548c\u4ed6\u804a\u8fc7\u4fe1\u4ef0\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Paya-meh-tap\uff0c\u90a3\u4f4d\u66b9\u7f57\u519b\u961f\u5728\u4e0e\u4f6c\u65cf\u6216\u63b8\u65cf\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u7684\u603b\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u2026\u2026\u4e00\u573a\u91cd\u75c5\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4ed6\u53ec\u6211\u524d\u53bb\u3002\u4ed6\u53e3\u5934\u627f\u8bfa\u7ed9\u6211\u9ec4\u91d1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6211\u7684\u62a5\u916c\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4ece\u672a\u771f\u7684\u60f3\u652f\u4ed8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6628\u665a\uff0c\u5728Silveira\u5148\u751f\u7684\u5f15\u8350\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e24\u4f4d\u67ec\u57d4\u5be8\u738b\u5b50\u53ec\u89c1\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u2026\u2026\u5e74\u957f\u7684\u90a3\u4f4d\u4eca\u5929\u65e9\u4e0a\u8fd8\u6d3e\u4e86\u8258\u9a73\u8239\u6765\u63a5\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u7267\u5e08\u53bb\u89c1\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u75c5\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cbf\u6d77\u4e09\u6b21\u822a\u884c\u8bb0\u300b\u6216\u8005\u6c64\u96c5\u5404\u7684\u6e38\u8bb0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u65f6\u5e38\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u663e\u8d35\u5411\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u6c42\u533b\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u533b\u751f\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u662f\u533b\u5b66\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u533b\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ec5\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u9e7f\u7279\u4e39\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13\u975e\u5e38\u7c97\u964b\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u533b\u7597\u6761\u4ef6\u8f83\u4e3a\u843d\u540e\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\uff0c\u5f53\u9762\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u773c\u75c5\u6216\u76ae\u80a4\u75c5\uff0c\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u53ea\u9700\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u773c\u836f\u6c34\u3001\u643d\u5242\u6216\u8005\u5185\u670d\u836f\u4fbf\u8db3\u4ee5\u6536\u5230\u51fa\u4eba\u610f\u6599\u7684\u7597\u6548\u3002\u8fd9\u6070\u662f\u90ed\u6c0f\u5728\u66b9\u7f57\u6743\u8d35\u9762\u524d\u4e00\u5ea6\u9887\u53d7\u91cd\u89c6\u3001\u5e76\u4e14\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u9762\u524d\u8c08\u8bba\u5b97\u6559\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u90ed\u672c\u4eba\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u8d35\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u592a\u597d\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u5728\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8150\u8d25\u3001\u5815\u843d\u3001\u8a00\u800c\u65e0\u4fe1\u3002\u201c\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u66b9\u7f57\u8d35\u65cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u663e\u5f97\u201c\u53c8\u7d2f\u53c8\u6076\u5fc3\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u6b64\u6765\u5316\u89e3\u4f20\u6559\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u963b\u788d\uff0c\u5012\u4e5f\u9887\u4e3a\u503c\u5f97\u3002\u4ee5\u533b\u3001\u836f\u4e3a\u5a92\u4ecb\uff0c\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u548c\u6c64\u96c5\u5404\u5728\u66fc\u8c37\u7684\u4eba\u6c14\u8fc5\u901f\u96c6\u805a\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i02piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/35e7239d376c2bfb\" 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smokers\uff09\u3002\u65e9\u57281827\u5e74\uff0c\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u521d\u62b5\u6c11\u4e39\u5c9b\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u5bf9\u5f53\u5730\u534e\u4eba\u7684\u8d4c\u535a\u3001\u5438\u6bd2\u7b49\u6076\u4e60\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e86\u6781\u5ea6\u7684\u538c\u6076\u3002\u800c\u5f53\u4ed6\u6765\u5230\u66fc\u8c37\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u63a9\u9970\u8fc7\u81ea\u5df1\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9e26\u7247\u7684\u53cd\u611f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>Chow-nin\uff0c\u56fd\u738b\u7684\u7ee7\u5144\u5f1f\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\uff0c\u5374\u6709\u5438\u98df\u9e26\u7247\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u4e00\u4f4d\u8239\u957f\uff0c\u4eca\u5e7460\u5c81\u2026\u2026\u4ed6\u662f\u6211\u516c\u5f00\u8868\u6001\u7684\u654c\u4eba\uff1b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c89\u6eba\u9e26\u7247\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u6bcf\u5929\u5927\u6982\u8981\u82b1\u4e00\u7f8e\u5143\u5728\u836f\u54c1\u4e0a\uff09\uff1b\u4ed6\u574f\u4e8b\u505a\u5c3d\uff1b\u8fd8\u4e0d\u542c\u540c\u80de\u7684\u529d\u544a\uff1b\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4ed6\u53c8\u975e\u5e38\u4e86\u89e3\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u5148\u8fdb\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u61c2\u5f97\u6b23\u8d4f\u6b27\u6d32\u5de5\u827a\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8239\u5458\u666e\u904d\u662f\u4e9b\u4e0b\u7b49\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e2d\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u559c\u6b22\u5438\u9e26\u7247\u3001\u8d4c\u535a\u3001\u5077\u7a83\u751a\u81f3\u901a\u5978\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6c89\u8ff7\u4e8e\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u4e0d\u60dc\u6563\u5c3d\u5bb6\u8d22\uff1b\u4ed6\u4eec\u6c89\u8ff7\u8d4c\u535a\uff0c\u5b81\u53ef\u8f93\u5f97\u4e00\u5206\u4e0d\u5269\uff1b\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f1a\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5916\u5957\u62ff\u6765\u5ad6\u5993\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u66b9\u7f57\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u50a3\u65cf\u8fd8\u662f\u534e\u4eba\uff0c\u90fd\u88ab\u9e26\u7247\u6bd2\u5bb3\u5f97\u4e0d\u8f7b\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u6210\u763e\u8005\u90fd\u4f1a\u5411\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u6c42\u52a9\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e2\u6709\u666e\u901a\u7684\u5e73\u6c11\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u201c\u5728\u7c07\u62e5\u4e0b\u6765\u5230\u201d\u7684\u201c\u5c0a\u8d35\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u603b\u662f\u5411\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u548c\u6c64\u96c5\u5404\u201c\u60b2\u5207\u5730\u5f62\u5bb9\u4ed6\u4eec\u88ab\u9e26\u7247\u6298\u78e8\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u201c\u9e26\u7247\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6bc1\u706d\u201d\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\uff0c\u5219\u6765\u8005\u4e0d\u62d2\uff0c\u4e00\u5f8b\u7ed9\u4e88\u6cbb\u7597\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6c64\u96c5\u5404\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u7528\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u4eec\u6212\u9664\u9e26\u7247\u7684\u836f\u7269\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5410\u9152\u77f3\u201d\u7684\u50ac\u5410\u5242\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6548\u679c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8fd8\u4e0d\u9519\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4f4d\u8eab\u4efd\u5c0a\u8d35\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6765\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u62b1\u6028\u9e26\u7247\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u6298\u78e8\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5e0c\u671b\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u5e2e\u4ed6\u6cbb\u7597\u3002\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u7267\u5e08\u7ed9\u4e86\u4ed6\u4e00\u5242\u6df7\u4e86\u5c11\u91cf\u9e26\u7247\u7684\u5410\u9152\u77f3\u3002\u4ed6\u56de\u53bb\u540e\uff0c\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e00\u4e24\u5929\uff0c\u5c31\u6b23\u559c\u5730\u8868\u793a\u4ed6\u5df2\u4e0d\u518d\u6c89\u8ff7\u9e26\u7247\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u751a\u81f3\u78b0\u5230\u9e26\u7247\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u538c\u6076\u611f\u3002\u540e\u6765\u4ed6\u8fd8\u9001\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u53ea\u9e2d\u5b50\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8c22\u793c\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd8\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u5927\u70df\u9b3c\u6c42\u6211\u4eec\u8d50\u4e88\u4ed6\u4eec\u6212\u9664\u6bd2\u763e\u7684\u89e3\u836f\u3002\u50cf\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u8d85\u8fc720\u4e2a\u2026\u2026\u90a3\u4e9b\u6df7\u5408\u4e86\u5410\u9152\u77f3\u7684\u9e26\u7247\u7ed9\u60a3\u8005\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u6076\u5fc3\u611f\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u4f1a\u5bf9\u9e26\u7247\u4ea7\u751f\u62b5\u89e6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cbf\u6d77\u4e09\u6b21\u822a\u884c\u8bb0\u300b\u548c\u6c64\u96c5\u5404\u7684\u6e38\u8bb0\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u90ed\u6c0f\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5728\u66b9\u7f57\u884c\u533b\u4f20\u6559\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u592a\u591a\u7684\u7591\u70b9\u3002\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u884c\u533b\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4ed6\u5728\u5176\u95f4\u4e3a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6323\u5f97\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u5708\u53ef\u70b9\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u6c64\u96c5\u5404\u6240\u8bf4\uff0c\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u5728\u66b9\u7f57\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u201c\u4e0a\u53f0\u9636\u201d\uff08Gutzlaff has been much refreshed in his labours\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u3002\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u540e\u671f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e1c\u90e8\u6cbf\u6d77\u7684\u9e26\u7247\u8d70\u79c1\u6d3b\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fc7\u6781\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u52a9\u529b\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u4e0d\u4f46\u63a5\u53d7\u9e26\u7247\u5546\u7684\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4eb2\u81ea\u53c2\u4e0e\u9e26\u7247\u8d70\u79c1\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4ed6\u540e\u6765\u7684\u884c\u5f84\uff0c\u4e0e\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6cbf\u6d77\u4e09\u6b21\u822a\u884c\u8bb0\u300b\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u548c\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u53c8\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\u906d\u9047\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i03piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/3c57ce779bf3cada\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u25b21850\u5e74\u524d\u540e\u7684\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u53ca\u5176\u7b7e\u540d<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u59bb\u5b50\u4e0e\u5bb6\u5ead<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u63d0\u5230\u4ed6\u7684\u5a5a\u59fb\u3002\u5927\u7ea6\u57281829\u5e74\u4e0b\u534a\u5e74\uff0c\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u201c\u5e94\u53f2\u5bc6\u65af\u7267\u5e08\u9080\u8bf7\u524d\u5f80\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u3002\u53c8\u56e0\u4f26\u6566\u4f1a\u6682\u65e0\u5e38\u9a7b\u9a6c\u516d\u7532\u7684\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u4fbf\u88ab\u6d3e\u5f80\u8be5\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u4f20\u6559\u4f1a\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u201d\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u906d\u9047\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u4ed6\u81ea\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u60ca\u559c\u201d\u7684\u7f8e\u5999\u9082\u9005\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u521a\u4ece\u66b9\u7f57\u51fa\u53d1\u5230\u8fbe\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u5f88\u9ad8\u5174\u89c1\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u82f1\u56fd\u7c4d\u7684\u631a\u53cb\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e45\u4e4b\u540e\u6211\u4e0e\u5979\u5c31\u5728\u4e3b\u7684\u89c1\u8bc1\u4e0b\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4f4d\u201c\u82f1\u56fd\u7c4d\u7684\u631a\u53cb\u201d\u540d\u53eb\u674e\u739b\u74b0\uff08Mary Newell\uff09\u3002\u5979\u662f\u4f26\u6566\u4f1a\u6d3e\u5f80\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u6027\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u4e16\u754c\u5bf9\u534e\u4eba\u6d3e\u51fa\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\u5973\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u3002\u5979\u662f\u9a6c\u793c\u900a\uff08Morrison\uff09\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u521b\u529e\u7684\u201c\u4f26\u6566\u8bed\u8a00\u4f20\u4e60\u6240\u201d\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u5b66\u5458\uff0c\u4e0e\u6c64\u96c5\u5404\u540c\u5b66\uff0c\u66fe\u5f97\u5230\u8fc7\u9a6c\u793c\u900a\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u70b9\u62e8\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u65e9\u901d\u7684\u7f18\u6545\uff0c\u674e\u6c0f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u82f1\u6587\u516c\u5f00\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u6e38\u8bb0\u6216\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u4f20\u4e16\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b66\u754c\u5bf9\u5979\u7684\u751f\u5e73\u5e76\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u4ece\u73b0\u5b58\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u5979\u57281827\u5e748\u670826\u65e5\u5230\u8fbe\u9a6c\u516d\u7532\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u4f26\u6566\u4f1a\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u4f20\u9053\u7ad9\uff0c\u5e76\u9646\u7eed\u5728\u4f26\u6566\u4f1a\u521b\u529e\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u6216\u6148\u5584\u673a\u6784\u4e2d\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\u3002\u674e\u6c0f\u4e0e\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u4e8e1829\u5e7411\u670826\u65e5\u5728\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e\u6b21\u5e74\u76842\u670811\u65e5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u66b9\u7f57\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i01piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/1228844c2a0e1b43\" 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148\u524d\u5f80\u8fd4\u4e8e\u6b27\u6d32\u5404\u56fd\u79ef\u6781\u8c0b\u6c42\u524d\u5f80\u5e0c\u814a\u53c2\u4e0e\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u540e\u6765\u5728\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u548c\u6c64\u96c5\u5404\u7ed3\u4f34\u3001\u9646\u7eed\u6e38\u5386\u5357\u6d77\u8bf8\u5c9b\u800c\u9c9c\u6709\u505c\u6b47\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u30021831\u5e742\u67082\u65e5\uff0c\u5728\u5199\u7ed9\u8377\u5170\u4f20\u9053\u4f1a\u7684\u4e00\u5c01\u957f\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0c\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4ed6\u4e0e\u674e\u739b\u74b0\u4e00\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0e\u6210\u7ee9\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4efd\u5206\u91cf\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e1a\u7ee9\u8868\uff0c\u5728\u77ed\u77ed\u7684\u4e00\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u592b\u5987\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5e76\u4e14\u201c\u53cd\u590d\u5730\u4fee\u6b63\u4e86\u66b9\u7f57\u8bed\u7684\u300a\u65b0\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u65e7\u7ea6\u300b\u7684\u300a\u5386\u53f2\u4e66\u300b\u90e8\u5206\u201d\uff0c\u64b0\u5199\u4e86\u4e24\u7bc7\u5206\u522b\u957f\u8fbe130\u9875\u7684\u66b9\u7f57\u8bed\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u7f16\u96c6\u4e86\u5404200\u9875\u7684\u66b9\u82f1\u548c\u82f1\u66b9\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u5404180\u9875\u7684\u9ad8\u68c9\u8bed\u2014\u82f1\u8bed\u548c\u82f1\u8bed\u2014\u9ad8\u68c9\u8bed\uff08Kamee-Engelsch en Engelsch-Kamee\uff09\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u5404160\u9875\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u8001\u631d\u8bed\u2014\u82f1\u8bed\u548c\u82f1\u8bed\u2014\u8001\u631d\u8bed\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u7528\u8001\u631d\u8bed\u8282\u8bd1\u4e86\u300a\u65b0\u7ea6\u300b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u64b0\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u90e8\u957f\u8fbe500\u9875\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6536\u5f55\u4e2d\u6587\u53e3\u8bed\u548c\u4e66\u9762\u8bed\u7684\u82f1\u6c49\u8bcd\u5178\u3002\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u96c6\uff08verzamelen\uff09\u82f1\u6c49\u8bcd\u5178\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u4eff\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u5178\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u4e3a\u798f\u97f3\u7684\u795e\u5723\u6559\u4e49\u88c5\u70b9\u4e0a\u4e2d\u5f0f\u7684\u5916\u8868\uff08de zaligmakende leer van het Evangelie in een geheel Chineesch gewaad te 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Christus verklaard\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u628a\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u767d\u4e66\uff08belijdenis\uff09\u4e0e\u8bd1\u6587\u9001\u7ed9\u4e86\u5dee\u4f1a\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u65bd\u6d17\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u8f7b\u7387\u7684\u4e3e\u52a8\u59a8\u788d\u4e3b\u7684\u4e8b\u4e1a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i04piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/602ff8392fe1ea68\" 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src=\"https:\/\/i01piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/b80ff13e76121404\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u25b2\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u4e0e\u674e\u739b\u74b0\u5728\u66fc\u8c37\u7684\u5c45\u6240\uff08Charles Gutzlaff\uff0cJournals of Three Voyages along the Coast of China in 1831\uff0c1832\uff0c &amp;1833\uff0cLondon\uff1a1834\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u767b\u8239\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\u975e\u5e38\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u662f\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u4f3c\u4e4e\u60a3\u4e0a\u4e86\u91cd\u75c5\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u6027\u547d\u4e4b\u865e\u3002\u4ed6\u81ea\u79f0\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u201c\u56e0\u4e3a\u592a\u865a\u5f31\uff0c\u8fde\u8d70\u8def\u90fd\u5f88\u52c9\u5f3a\u201d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fde\u4ed6\u7684\u4ec6\u4eba\u201c\u4f59\u201d\uff08Yu\uff09\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u4ed6\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u201c\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u4e0d\u80fd\u5403\u996d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u4e22\u4e0b\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u542c\u5929\u7531\u547d\u201d\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u5e1d\u964d\u75be\u75c5\u4e8e\u6211\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u653e\u5f03\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u5ba3\u6559\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6211\u7684\u5de6\u534a\u8eab\u75bc\u75db\u65e0\u6bd4\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5934\u75bc\u3001\u65e0\u529b\u548c\u98df\u6b32\u4e0d\u632f\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u9759\u5367\u4f11\u606f\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6211\u52aa\u529b\u5730\u60f3\u8981\u6062\u590d\u4f53\u529b\uff0c\u6211\u8fd8\u662f\u80fd\u660e\u663e\u611f\u89c9\u5230\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u4e00\u5929\u5929\u8d70\u5411\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff1b\u751a\u81f3\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u7ec8\u7ed3\u4e4b\u65e5\u5df2\u79bb\u6211\u4e0d\u8fdc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u5e78\u5b58\u7684\u5973\u513f\u4ea4\u4e88\u4ed6\u4eba\u5bc4\u517b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u76f4\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5973\u5b69\u592d\u6298\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u53bb\u63a2\u671b\u8fc7\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>6\u670814\u65e5\uff0c\u51e0\u4e2a\u66b9\u7f57\u4eba\u4e0a\u8239\u6765\u627e\u6211\uff1b\u4f46\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u89c1\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u6536\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u6211\u865a\u5f31\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u53ef\u80fd\u771f\u7684\u627f\u53d7\u4e0d\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e48\u5927\u7684\u6253\u51fb\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u6ca1\u8fc7\u591a\u4e45\u8fd8\u662f\u4f20\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u8033\u6735\u2014\u2014\u6211\u6700\u7231\u7684\u5973\u513f\u5728\u6211\u79bb\u5f00\u4e0d\u4e45\u5c31\u6b7b\u4e86\u3002\u60b2\u75db\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u6fc0\u8d77\u4e86\u6700\u6c89\u75db\u7684\u54c0\u60bc\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u8fde\u7eed\u51e0\u5929\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u95f7\u5728\u6211\u7684\u8239\u8231\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u66fe\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0e\u6c64\u96c5\u5404\u53ea\u662f\u6253\u7b97\u5728\u524d\u5f80\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5546\u8239\u4e0a\u4f20\u6559\uff0c\u5728\u4e89\u53d6\u5f97\u5230\u534e\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u559c\u7231\u548c\u8ba4\u540c\u201d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u4ee5\u201c\u6e29\u548c\u7a81\u7834\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u201d\u8fdb\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u5728\u66b9\u7f57\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u5177\u4f53\u8ba1\u5212\u8fc7\u524d\u5f80\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u822a\u884c\u3002\u4f46\u5f53\u674e\u739b\u74b0\u75c5\u901d\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5374\u8fc5\u901f\u5730\u820d\u5f03\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u66b9\u7f57\u7ecf\u8425\u7684\u4e00\u5207\uff0c\u6bc5\u7136\u51b3\u7136\u5730\u8e0f\u4e0a\u4e86\u524d\u5f80\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u76f4\u5230\u540e\u6765\u6211\u6df1\u7231\u7684\u540c\u4f34\u79bb\u4e16\uff0c\u6211\u53c8\u8eab\u67d3\u91cd\u75c5\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u6211\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd9\u6b21\u822a\u884c\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u201d\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u72b6\u51b5\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u5ba3\u79f0\u7684\u90a3\u4e48\u5371\u6025\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u8258\u8239\u542f\u7a0b\u524d\u5f80\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u6062\u590d\u4e86\u5065\u5eb7\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u90a3\u540d\u4f59\u59d3\u7684\u4ec6\u4eba\u6562\u4e8e\u8ba9\u4ed6\u201c\u542c\u5929\u7531\u547d\u201d\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u8bc1\u660e\u4ed6\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u786e\u65e0\u5927\u788d\u3002\u800c\u77ed\u671f\u4e4b\u5185\u75db\u5931\u59bb\u5973\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u663e\u7136\u6076\u5316\u4e86\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4ed6\u8fde\u7eed\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u5728\u66b9\u7f57\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bb6\u7834\u4eba\u4ea1\uff0c\u4ed6\u6b64\u65f6\u9009\u62e9\u53bb\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u6781\u5c11\u6d89\u8db3\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5317\u65b9\u6cbf\u6d77\u822a\u884c\u548c\u4f20\u6559\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u7eaf\u4e3a\u5f00\u62d3\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u9003\u907f\u73b0\u5b9e\uff0c\u8f6c\u79fb\u81ea\u8eab\u5fc3\u7406\u75db\u70b9\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u591a\u5c11\u6709\u4e9b\u4e3b\u52a8\u5bfb\u6b7b\u7684\u610f\u5473\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5728\u5fc3\u7406\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e9b\u8868\u73b0\u4e5f\u54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muss wirken\uff0c oder ich muss zu Grunde gehen\uff09\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u627f\u53d7\u6492\u65e6\u6c89\u91cd\u7684\u67b7\u9501\uff0c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8036\u7a23\u80fd\u591f\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u6247\u95e8\uff0c\u4e00\u6247\u9ed1\u6697\u52bf\u529b\u65e0\u80fd\u4e3a\u529b\u7684\u95e8\uff08China wird nicht immer das schwere Joch des Satans tragen\uff0c Der grossm\u00e4chtige Jesus kann und will eine Th\u00fcr \u00f6ffnen\uff0c die keine Macht der Finsterniss zuthun kann\uff09\u3002\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7f3a\u5e2d\u3002\u2014\u2014\u6240\u6709\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u90fd\u8981\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u56de\u6765\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5199\u4fe1\u7ed9\u4f60\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5fc5\u987b\u884c\u52a8\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6211\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u53bb\u6b7b\uff01\u201d\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\u7684\u4f7f\u547d\uff0c\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u6b89\u9053\u8005\u7684\u5486\u54ee\u3002\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8c6a\u8a00\u58ee\u8bed\uff0c\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u72c2\u70ed\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u60c5\u7eea\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4ece\u4fa7\u9762\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5728\u4ed6\u4e2a\u6027\u6df1\u5904\u70d9\u4e0b\u7684\u5370\u8bb0\u3002\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u662f\u6781\u5176\u8654\u8bda\u7684\u656c\u8654\u6d3e\u4fe1\u5f92\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b97\u6d3e\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u4ee5\u72c2\u70ed\u548c\u6781\u7aef\u8457\u79f0\uff0c\u90ed\u6c0f\u7684\u884c\u4e8b\u98ce\u683c\u66f4\u5c5e\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u201c\u67cf\u6797\u4f20\u6559\u5b66\u9662\u201d\u63a5\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u53d7\u540c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u656c\u8654\u6d3e\u7684\u6821\u957f\u96c5\u5c3c\u514b\uff08Johann J\u00e4nicke\uff0c1748-1827\uff09\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u72c2\u70ed\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u5728\u5f25\u6f2b\u7740\u6d6a\u6f2b\u4e3b\u4e49\u6c14\u606f\u7684\u67cf\u6797\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u8ffd\u968f\u8fc7\u5c3c\u5b89\u5fb7\uff08Johann August Wilhelm Neander\uff09\u548c\u6258\u5362\u514b\uff08Friedrich August Tholuck\uff09\u4e24\u4f4d\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5e76\u56e0\u6b64\u6df1\u53d7\u53cd\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u4f7f\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u656c\u8654\u6d3e\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u53c8\u954c\u4e0a\u4e86\u4e00\u9053\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u6d6a\u6f2b\u4e3b\u4e49\u75d5\u8ff9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u5d07\u5c1a\u5192\u9669\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u901f\u6210\u529f\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i03piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/436fe4fd71d028d7\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u25b21850\u5e74\u7684\u67cf\u6797\u5927\u5b66<\/p>\n<p>\u6362\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u5728\u59bb\u5973\u63a5\u8fde\u75c5\u901d\u7684\u60b2\u75db\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u8d38\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u653e\u5f03\u66b9\u7f57\u5317\u4e0a\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u4f5c\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u524d\u8ba1\u5212\u3001\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u7269\u8d28\u51c6\u5907\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u6b64\u9001\u547d\u7684\u63a2\u9669\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u548c\u4ed6\u5728\u53d7\u521b\u4e4b\u540e\u5fc3\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u518d\u5ea6\u7206\u53d1\u6781\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4ed6\u8eab\u4e0a\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u656c\u8654\u6d3e\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u6d6a\u6f2b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5e95\u8272\u4f7f\u7136\u3002\u6d6a\u6f2b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u548c\u656c\u8654\u6d3e\u7684\u72c2\u70ed\u4fe1\u4ef0\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u5fc5\u7136\u4f1a\u5728\u4ed6\u4e1c\u6765\u4f20\u6559\u7684\u5386\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u4e2d\u56fd\uff1b\u800c\u59bb\u5973\u4ea1\u6545\u7684\u5076\u7136\u53d8\u6545\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u4f7f\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u5728\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u5f15\u5bfc\u4e0b\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86\u53ea\u8eab\u524d\u5f80\u4e2d\u56fd\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u906d\u9047\u7684\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u524d\u4e86\u4ed6\u5192\u9669\u5317\u4e0a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6b64\uff0c\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u795e\u5b66\u5bb6Karl Friedrich Otto von Gerlach\u66fe\u4e8e1834\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u798f\u97f3\u6559\u4f1a\u62a5\u300b\uff08Evangelischen Kirchen-Zeitung\uff09\u4e0a\u5bf9\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u6b64\u4e3e\u4f5c\u51fa\u8fc7\u201c\u5ba1\u614e\u5730\u6279\u8bc4\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u548c\u674e\u739b\u74b0\u5728\u66b9\u7f57\u7684\u4f20\u6559\u4e1a\u7ee9\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5426\u8ba4\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6700\u65e9\u767b\u9646\u66b9\u7f57\u7684\u4e00\u6279\u65b0\u6559\u4f20\u6559\u58eb\uff0c\u90ed\u6c0f\u592b\u5987\u4e3a\u65b0\u6559\u5728\u5370\u652f\u8bf8\u56fd\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u505a\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u5960\u57fa\u6027\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u66b9\u7f57\u8bed\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4ee5\u53ca\u8001\u631d\u8bed\u548c\u9ad8\u68c9\u8bed\u7684\u8282\u8bd1\u672c\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u88ab\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u7406\u4f1a\uff08American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions\uff09\u7684\u7f57\u5bbe\u900a\uff08Robinso\uff09\uff1b\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7f16\u7e82\u7684\u66b9\u7f57\u8bed\u548c\u9ad8\u68c9\u8bed\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u548c\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u5219\u88ab\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e86\u6d78\u4fe1\u4f1a\uff08American Baptist International Ministries\uff09\u7684\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u743c\u65af\uff08John Jones\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u540e\u6765\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u00b7\u743c\u65af\uff08Eliza Jones\uff09\u7f16\u5199\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u300a\u66b9\u82f1\u5b57\u5178\u300b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1831\u5e746\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u201c\u987a\u5229\u201d\u53f7\u5546\u8239\u8f7d\u7740\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\uff0c\u7f13\u6162\u5730\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u5b83\u9a76\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u822a\u7a0b\u3002\u4ece\u6b64\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u90ed\u5b9e\u730e\u518d\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u8fc7\u66b9\u7f57\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i04piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/b934280ccb084a65\" 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