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Area Aid Act of 1950)\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u653f\u5e9c\u62e8\u6b3e600\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u6551\u6d4e\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u52a9\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7eed\u52301955\u5e74\uff0c\u603b\u8ba1\u82b1\u8d39800\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u5de6\u53f3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u91d1\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u5b66\u8005\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u6682\u65f6\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5e08\u660c\u7eea\u5c31\u66fe\u62ff\u4e86\u534a\u5e74\u7684\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u79fb\u6c11\u5c40\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u56de\u56fd\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u7ed9\u63d0\u4f9b\u751f\u6d3b\u8d39\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u5c31\u9886\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8d39\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u94b1\u662f\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u7ed9\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u3002\u201d[\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u7b49 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2012\uff0c\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u91c7\u8bbf\u4f55\u56fd\u67f1.]\u5728\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u4e4b\u540e\u9646\u7eed\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u62d8\u7559\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u4e0d\u80fd\u63a5\u89e6\u4fdd\u5bc6\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u4e2a\u522b\u4eba\u88ab\u9a71\u9010\u51fa\u5883\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u540a\u9500\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u62a4\u7167\uff0c\u8fd8\u7981\u6b62\u4ed6\u4eec\u56de\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u671d\u9c9c\u6218\u4e89\u7206\u53d1\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u9010\u6e10\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u7981\u6b62\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u56de\u56fd\u3002\u6162\u6162\u5730\uff0c\u5b66\u7406\u3001\u5de5\u3001\u519c\u3001\u533b\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u90fd\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u56de\u56fd\uff0c\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u968f\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d70\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u6709\u4eba\u88ab\u5173\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u88ab\u641c\u67e5\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u5c3d\u7ba1\u627e\u4e0d\u51fa\u6bdb\u75c5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u56de\u56fd\u3002\u76f4\u52301951\u5e7410\u67089\u65e5\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u53f8\u6cd5\u90e8\u79fb\u6c11\u5f52\u5316\u5c40\u5f00\u59cb\u660e\u786e\u7981\u6b62\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u79bb\u5883\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u7ed9\u7533\u8bf7\u5f52\u56fd\u7684\u5b66\u7406\u3001\u5de5\u3001\u533b\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u51fa\u793a\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u6587\u4e66\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6839\u636e1918\u5e745\u670822\u53f7\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7b2c225\u6b3e\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u9881\u5e03\u76842523\u53f7\u901a\u544a\uff0c\u4f60\u79bb\u5f00\u7f8e\u56fd\u662f\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u7f8e\u56fd\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u547d\u4ee4\u4f60\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u79bb\u5f00\u6216\u4f01\u56fe\u79bb\u5f00\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002\u5426\u5219\u5c06\u5904\u4f60\u4ee5\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e94\u5e74\u76d1\u7981\u6216\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc75000\u5143\u7684\u7f5a\u6b3e\uff0c\u6216\u4e8c\u8005\u517c\u65bd\u201d\u3002[\u5168\u56fd\u653f\u534f\u6587\u53f2\u8d44\u6599\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7f16 1999\uff0c46-47\u9875.]<\/p>\n<p>1950\u5e74\uff0c\u56fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5730\u533a\u63f4\u52a9\u6cd5\u6848\u201d\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u5c31\u5b66\u671f\u95f4\u548c\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4ee5\u540e\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5de5\u4f5c\u30021953\u5e748\u67087\u65e5\uff0c\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u603b\u7edf\u7b7e\u7f72\u7684\u201c\u96be\u6c11\u89e3\u6551\u6cd5\u6848\u201d\uff08Refugee Relief Act of 1953)\u5141\u8bb8\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7559\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u4ece\u5b66\u751f\u8eab\u4efd\u8f6c\u4e3a\u6c38\u4e45\u5c45\u6c11\u3002[3]\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u767e\u5e74\u7559\u5b66\u53f2\u4e0a\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8ba9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u7559\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6ce2\u5f52\u56fd\u9ad8\u6f6e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1950\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u6070\u662f\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\u7559\u7f8e\u70ed\u6f6e\u671f\u95f4\u51fa\u56fd\u7684\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u5b66\u6210\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u5b66\u6210\u5f52\u56fd\u662f\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u4eec\u7684\u5f53\u7136\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u7559\u7f8e\u79d1\u534f\u7684\u52a8\u5458\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c1950\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2.1 \u7559\u7f8e\u79d1\u534f\u53ca\u5176\u5f71\u54cd<\/p>\n<p>\u79d1\u534f\u7cfb\u5217\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u5de6\u7ffc\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u7fa4\u4f17\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u7559\u7f8e\u79d1\u534f\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u601d\u6f6e\u4e0b\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7559\u7f8e\u79d1\u534f\u53d7\u5230\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u5357\u65b9\u5c40\u66f4\u591a\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u548c\u9886\u5bfc\u3002\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u5357\u65b9\u5c40\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u7559\u7f8e\u53ca\u56de\u56fd\u4e8b\u5b9c[\u5f6d\u4e9a\u65b0\u4e3b\u7f16 2009\uff0c334-346\u9875.]\u3002\u6297\u65e5\u6218\u4e89\u4e4b\u540e\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7559\u7f8e\u9ad8\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5de6\u7ffc\u4eba\u58eb\u751a\u81f3\u4e2d\u5171\u5730\u4e0b\u515a\u5458\u5230\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4faf\u7965\u9e9f\u3001\u987e\u4ee5\u5065\u3001\u8ba1\u82cf\u534e\u3001\u5218\u9759\u5b9c\u3001\u7f57\u6c9b\u9716\u3001\u4e01\u5106\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u8d74\u7f8e\u4e3a\u7559\u7f8e\u79d1\u534f\u7684\u6210\u7acb\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u524d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u662f\u5317\u7f8e\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u751f\u4f1a\uff08Chinese Student Christian Association\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0CSCA\uff09\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u6218\u4e89\u5f62\u52bf\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5168\u56fd\u79d1\u8054\u7559\u7f8e\u5206\u4f1a\u7684\u6210\u7acb\u63d0\u5230\u8bae\u7a0b\u3002<br 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1999\uff0c223\u9875]\u8fd922\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u5355\u4e0d\u5168\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4eba\u88ab\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6279\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u56de\u56fd\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u540d\u5355\u662f1955\u5e744\u6708\u5ba3\u5e03\u7684\uff0c\u517176\u4eba\uff0c\u5e08\u660c\u7eea\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4e00\u6279\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u56de\u56fd\u7684\u3002\u5e08\u660c\u7eea\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4e4b\u540e\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e86\u5141\u8bb8\u56de\u56fd\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u5171\u670976\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u77e5\u4e86\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5141\u8bb8\u56de\u56fd\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u6570\u76ee\u5728\u62a5\u7eb8\u4e0a\u520a\u767b\u4e86\uff0c\u8981\u4e0d\u7136\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u670976\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec4\u6708\u5ba3\u5e03\u7684\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u62116\u6708\u4efd\u5c31\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002\u201d[\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u7b492012\uff0c\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u3001\u675c\u5f00\u6614\u91c7\u8bbf\u5e08\u660c\u7eea.]<\/p>\n<p>1955\u5e744\u67084\u65e5\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6b63\u5f0f\u5ba3\u5e03\u64a4\u9500\u7981\u6b62\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u56de\u56fd\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u9648\u8363\u8000\u56de\u5fc6\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f1955\u5e744\u6708\u7981\u4ee4\u89e3\u9664\u540e\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u56de\u56fd\u7684[\u5168\u56fd\u653f\u534f\u6587\u53f2\u8d44\u6599\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7f16 1999\uff0c250\u9875.]\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u4ecd\u7136\u5904\u4e8e\u88ab\u8f6f\u7981\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4ed6\u4e13\u95e8\u7ed9\u5168\u56fd\u4eba\u5927\u5e38\u59d4\u4f1a\u526f\u59d4\u5458\u957f\u9648\u53d4\u901a\u5199\u4e86\u6c42\u6551\u4fe1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u848b\u82f1\u5728\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u7684\u59b9\u59b9\u5bc4\u7ed9\u9648\u53d4\u901a\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u4fe1\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u2026\u2026\u963b\u788d\u5f52\u56fd\u7684\u7981\u4ee4\u5df2\u4e8e4\u65e5\u88ab\u53d6\u6d88\uff0c\u7136\u6211\u4ecd\u6df1\u9677\u56f9\u5704\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e61\u62a5\u56fd\u4e4b\u68a6\u96be\u5706\uff0c\u7701\u4eb2\u63a2\u53cb\u4e4b\u613f\u96be\u507f\uff0c\u51c4\u51c4\u7136\u4e45\u4e4b\u2026\u2026\u6073\u8bf7\u7956\u56fd\u52a9\u6211\u2026\u2026\u3002\u201d\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u7684\u4fe1\u5f88\u5feb\u8f6c\u5230\u5468\u6069\u6765\u7684\u624b\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u65e5\u5185\u74e6\u8c08\u5224\u4e2d\uff0c\u738b\u70b3\u5357\u51fa\u793a\u4e86\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u7684\u4fe1\u30021955\u5e749\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u65b9\u9762\u5ba3\u5e03\u91ca\u653e\u7f8e\u56fd12\u540d\u98de\u884c\u5458\u3002\u540c\u5e748\u67084\u65e5\uff0c\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u63a5\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u5141\u8bb8\u56de\u56fd\u7684\u901a\u77e5\uff0c9\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5055\u59bb\u5b50\u548c\u513f\u5973\u8e0f\u4e0a\u4e86\u56de\u56fd\u7684\u65c5\u7a0b[\u5f20\u7eaf\u5982\u8457 1996\uff0c315\u9875]\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3.3 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1999\uff0c216\u9875.]\u3002\u636e\u5218\u6709\u6210\u56de\u5fc6\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u4e58\u7684\u8f6e\u8239\u5feb\u5230\u6a80\u9999\u5c71\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u77e5\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u5230\u8239\u4e0a\u4e00\u95f4\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u79fb\u6c11\u5c40\u7684\u4eba\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u8c08\u8bdd\uff0c\u4ed6\u8bf4\u8f6e\u8239\u73b0\u5728\u5feb\u8981\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u897f\u90e8\u56fd\u5883\u7ebf\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e3\u5cb8\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u5f53\u4e2d\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u60f3\u56de\u7f8e\u56fd\u53bb\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u56de\u53bb\u5c31\u5728\u590f\u5a01\u5937\u4e0b\u8239\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5341\u51e0\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f5c\u58f0\u3002\u201d[\u5168\u56fd\u653f\u534f\u6587\u53f2\u8d44\u6599\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7f16 1999\uff0c221\u9875]<\/p>\n<p>1955\u5e744\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u9ec4\u8446\u540c\uff08\u51af\u4e4b\u69b4\uff09\u592b\u5987\u3001\u738b\u4ec1\u3001\u5f20\u5bb6\u6866\u3001\u5415\u5bb6\u9e3f\u3001\u8c22\u5fc3\u6b63\u3001\u6c88\u5fc3\u7acb\u3001\u9a86\u632f\u9ec4\u3001\u90ed\u660e\u8fbe\u3001\u8521\u541b\u9646\u4e00\u8d77\u4e58\u8239\u56de\u56fd\u3002\u636e\u738b\u4ec1\u56de\u5fc6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u56de\u56fd\u9014\u4e2d\u542c\u8bf4\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u7981\u4ee4\u5f7b\u5e95\u89e3\u9664\u4e86[\u5168\u56fd\u653f\u534f\u6587\u53f2\u8d44\u6599\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7f16 1999\uff0c245\u9875.]\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1955\u5e745\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u9648\u8363\u8000\uff08\u6c99\u9038\u4ed9\uff09\u592b\u5987\u3001\u738b\u660e\u8d1e\uff08\u4fde\u542f\u5fe0\uff09\u592b\u5987\u3001\u5f90\u748b\u672c\u3001\u9646\u88d5\u6734\u7b49\u4e00\u6279\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u4e58\u8239\u56de\u56fd[\u5168\u56fd\u653f\u534f\u6587\u53f2\u8d44\u6599\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7f16 1999\uff0c250\u9875.]\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1955\u5e746\u6708\u4ece\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u8d77\u951a\u7684\u201c\u514b\u5229\u592b\u5170\u603b\u7edf\u53f7\u201d\u4e0a\u670920\u591a\u4f4d\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7ae5\u8bd7\u767d\uff08\u90d1\u654f\uff09\u592b\u5987\u3001\u94b1\u5b81\u3001\u7126\u745e\u8eab\u3001\u5f20\u5174\u94a4\u3001\u5e08\u660c\u7eea\u3001\u6797\u6b63\u4ed9\u3001\u675c\u8fde\u8000\u3001\u5468\u540c\u6167\u3001\u5218\u94f8\u664b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u4e0a\u8239\uff0c7\u6708\u62b5\u8fbe\u9999\u6e2f[\u5168\u56fd\u653f\u534f\u6587\u53f2\u8d44\u6599\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7f16 1999\uff0c263\u9875.]\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1955\u5e747\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u8c22\u5bb6\u9e9f\u4e58\u5750\u201c\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u603b\u7edf\u53f7\u201d\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e8c\u5341\u591a\u5929\u5230\u8fbe\u9999\u6e2f\u3002[4]<\/p>\n<p>1955\u5e749\u670815\u65e5\uff0c\u4ece\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u8d77\u822a\u7684\u201c\u514b\u5229\u592b\u5170\u603b\u7edf\u53f7\u201d\u662f\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6ce2\u56de\u56fd\u9ad8\u6f6e\u4e2d\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u4eba\u6570\u6700\u591a\u7684\u3002\u4e58\u5750\u8fd9\u6761\u8239\u56de\u56fd\u7684\u6709\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\uff08\u848b\u82f1\uff09\u592b\u5987\u3001\u674e\u6b63\u6b66\uff08\u5b59\u6e58\uff09\u592b\u5987\u3001\u8bb8\u56fd\u5fd7\uff08\u848b\u4e3d\u91d1\uff09\u592b\u5987\u3001\u738b\u7956\u8006\uff08\u6c88\u5b66\u5747\uff09\u592b\u5987\u3001\u4f55\u56fd\u67f1\uff08\u5218\u8c6b\u9e92\uff09\u592b\u5987\u3001\u6d2a\u7528\u6797\uff08\u5f20\u53d1\u6167\uff09\u592b\u5987\u3001\u80e1\u807f\u8d24\uff08\u6234\u6708\u68e3\uff09\u592b\u5987\u3001\u8096\u4f26\uff08\u8427\u84c9\u6625\uff09\u592b\u5987\u3001\u9648\u70b3\u5146\u3001\u8bb8\u987a\u751f\u3001\u758f\u677e\u6842\u3001\u9646\u5b5d\u9890\u3001\u5f20\u58eb\u94ce\u3001\u51af\u542f\u5fb7\u3001\u5218\u5c14\u96c4\u3001\u5218\u9a8a\u751f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u3001\u674e\u6b63\u6b66\u3001\u4f55\u56fd\u67f1\u3001\u80e1\u807f\u8d24\u76846\u4e2a\u5b50\u5973\u5171\u8ba130\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u3002\u636e\u8bb8\u56fd\u5fd7\u56de\u5fc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u89e3\u7981\u540e\u56de\u56fd\u4eba\u6570\u6700\u591a\u7684\u4e00\u6b21[\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u7b49 2012\uff0c\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u3001\u675c\u5f00\u6614\u91c7\u8bbf\u8bb8\u56fd\u5fd7.]\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u5728\u8fd9\u6761\u8239\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u8bb0\u8005\u7eb7\u7eb7\u60f3\u91c7\u8bbf\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6761\u8239\u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u95fb\u754c\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1955\u5e7411\u670825\u65e5\uff0c\u9648\u80fd\u5bbd\u3001\u4f55\u70b3\u6797\uff08\u9648\u8339\u7389\uff09\u592b\u5987\u3001\u674e\u836b\u8fdc\u3001\u80e1\u65e5\u6052\u3001\u90d1\u6797\u751f\u4e58\u5750\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u603b\u7edf\u53f7\u56de\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1956\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u9ec4\u8302\u5149\u56de\u56fd\uff1b\u4faf\u865e\u94a7\u56de\u56fd\uff1b9\u6708\uff0c\u5f20\u6587\u88d5\uff08\u738b\u627f\u4e66\uff09\u592b\u5987\u3001\u90ed\u6c38\u6000\uff08\u674e\u4f69\uff09\u592b\u5987\u4e58\u5750\u201c\u514b\u5229\u592b\u5170\u603b\u7edf\u53f7\u201d\u56de\u56fd\u3002[\u4faf\u827a\u5175\u3001\u5f6d\u7ee7\u8d85,\u795e\u5dde\u5b66\u4eba,2009\u5e7410\u670820\u65e5]<\/p>\n<p>1957\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u6797\u5170\u82f1\u4e58\u5750\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u603b\u7edf\u53f7\u56de\u56fd\uff1b2\u6708\uff0c\u8c22\u6bd3\u7ae0\u56de\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3.4 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2008\uff0c1092\u9875.]\u7559\u7f8e\u5f52\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7ecf\u5e38\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5468\u6069\u6765\u5ba1\u5b9a\u7684\u4e89\u53d6\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u56de\u56fd\u7684800\u4eba\u540d\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u53cd\u53f3\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u5f52\u56fd\u51e0\u4e4e\u505c\u6b62\u4e86\uff0c\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u62db\u5f85\u6240\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e5f\u64a4\u9500\u4e86\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u56de\u56fd\u7684\u4eba\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2a\u522b\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u6885\u7956\u5f66\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u90a3\u65f6\u5019\u6709\u4e2a\u5f88\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u5b57\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u6982\u67095000\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u60f3\u56de\u56fd\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5230500\u4eba\u3002\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5728\u90a32-3\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u56de\u56fd\u7684\u53ea\u6709200\u591a\u4eba\u201d\u3002\u201c1957\u5e74\u53cd\u53f3\u8fd0\u52a8\u5f00\u59cb\u540e\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e2a\u522b\u4eba\u56de\u6765\u4e86\u3002\u201d[\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u7b49 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2012\uff0c\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u3001\u675c\u5f00\u6614\u91c7\u8bbf\u738b\u5b88\u6b66.]\u5404\u5927\u5b66\u4e5f\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7cfb\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5317\u5927\u5f88\u5feb\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u6280\u672f\u7cfb\u3002\u4e00\u6279\u5b66\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u9ad8\u5e74\u7ea7\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u88ab\u8c03\u5f80\u8ba1\u7b97\u6280\u672f\u7cfb\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5317\u5927\u9ad8\u5e74\u7ea7\u5b66\u751f\u5916\uff0c\u4ece\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u5357\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u6b66\u6c49\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u4e1c\u5317\u4eba\u6c11\u5927\u5b66\u5171\u62bd\u51fa30\u4eba\u96c6\u4e2d\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001\u96c6\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u53d1\u7ed9\u4e86\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u6bd5\u4e1a\u6587\u51ed\u3002\u8fd9\u6279\u5b66\u751f\u662f\u6211\u56fd\u57f9\u517b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u3002[5]<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u4e24\u5f39\u4e00\u661f\u201d\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u5341\u4e8c\u5e74\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u524d\u4e00\u5e74\uff081955\u5e74\uff09\u542f\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u5341\u4e8c\u5e74\u89c4\u5212\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5c06\u539f\u5b50\u5f39\u548c\u5bfc\u5f39\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e24\u9879\u4fdd\u5bc6\u7684\u7d27\u6025\u63aa\u65bd\u88ab\u5217\u5165\u89c4\u5212\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u65f6\u539f\u5b50\u5f39\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5904\u5728\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4fdd\u5bc6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u53c2\u4e0e\u6b64\u4e8b\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u56f4\u7ed5\u4eba\u624d\u57f9\u517b\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u5317\u5927\u6280\u672f\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u548c\u6e05\u534e\u5de5\u7a0b\u7269\u7406\u7cfb\u5728\u4eba\u624d\u57f9\u517b\u65b9\u9762\u8d77\u4e86\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u8fdb\u5165\u539f\u5b50\u5f39\u7814\u5236\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u95e8\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u82cf\u8054\u6495\u6bc1\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u4e86\u5bf9\u539f\u5b50\u5f39\u7814\u5236\u7684\u652f\u6301\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u30021960\u5e74\uff0c\u5f53\u4e2d\u82cf\u5173\u7cfb\u7834\u88c2\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u624d\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u6b64\u4e8b\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4e8c\u673a\u90e8\u62df\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u4e2d\u592e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u90e8\u6279\u51c6\u7684105\u4eba\u540d\u5355\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u7559\u7f8e\u5f52\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u539f\u5b50\u5f39\u7684\u7814\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1960\u5e74\u758f\u677e\u6842\u4ece\u4e2d\u79d1\u9662\u8c03\u5230\u4e8c\u673a\u90e8\u53c2\u4e0e\u6838\u6b66\u5668\u7814\u5236\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u201c\u6211\u53bb\u4e8c\u673a\u90e8\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u4e2d\u592e\u70b9\u540d\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6311\u9009\u4e86105\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u6211\u90fd\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7559\u5b66\u56de\u6765\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u591a\u3002\u9648\u80fd\u5bbd\u3001\u9093\u7a3c\u5148\u3001\u6731\u5149\u4e9a\u7b49\u4eba\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9105\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u7559\u5b66\u56de\u6765\u7684\u3002\u201d\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u53c2\u4e0e\u6838\u6b66\u5668\u7814\u5236\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0d\u5728\u8fd9105\u4eba\u540d\u5355\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f1955\u5e74\u7279\u8058\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u738b\u6de6\u660c\u3001\u90ed\u6c38\u6000\u3001\u5f6d\u6853\u6b66\u7b49\u4eba\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u539f\u5b50\u5f39\u7684\u7814\u5236\u5305\u62ec\u56db\u4e2a\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u90e8\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u90e8\u3001\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90e8\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u90e8\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u90e8\u4e3b\u4efb\u662f\u9093\u7a3c\u5148\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u90e8\u4e3b\u4efb\u662f\u9648\u80fd\u5bbd\uff0c\u641e\u7206\u8f70\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7684\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7269\u7406\u6027\u8d28\u7684\uff1b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90e8\u4e3b\u4efb\u662f\u9f99\u6587\u5149\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u6574\u4f53\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff1b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u90e8\u540e\u6765\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u758f\u677e\u6842\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u81ea\u52a8\u5f15\u7206\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u62c5\u4efb\u81ea\u52a8\u63a7\u5236\u5ba4\u4e3b\u4efb\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b89\u6392\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u7559\u7f8e\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u5f39\u7814\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u4e3e\u8db3\u8f7b\u91cd\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002[\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u7b49 2012\uff0c\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u91c7\u8bbf\u758f\u677e\u6842.]<\/p>\n<p>1999\u5e749\u670818\u65e5\u5728\u4e2d\u534e\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u4e94\u5341\u5468\u5e74\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u4e2d\u5171\u4e2d\u592e\u3001\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u3001\u4e2d\u592e\u519b\u59d4\u9686\u91cd\u8868\u5f70\u4e86\u4e3a\u6211\u56fd\u201c\u4e24\u5f39\u4e00\u661f\u201d\u4e8b\u4e1a\u4f5c\u51fa\u7a81\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\u768423\u4f4d\u79d1\u6280\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u5e76\u6388\u4e88\u4ed6\u4eec\u201c\u4e24\u5f39\u4e00\u661f\u529f\u52cb\u5956\u7ae0\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u670910\u4f4d\u662f\u7559\u7f8e\u5f52\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u662f\u9093\u7a3c\u5148\u3001\u5c60\u5b88\u9537\u3001\u94b1\u5b66\u68ee\u3001\u90ed\u6c38\u6000\u3001\u6768\u5609\u5880\u3001\u9648\u80fd\u5bbd\u3001\u5434\u81ea\u826f\u3001\u4efb\u65b0\u6c11\u3001\u6731\u5149\u4e9a\u3001\u738b\u5e0c\u5b63\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/i02piccdn.sogoucdn.com\/3abe128627d71196\" 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2009\uff0c42-56\u9875.]\u6c88\u5584\u70af\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u5145\u5206\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u65e0\u6cd5\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u601d\u60f3\u6539\u9020\uff1f\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5b66\u672f\u6279\u5224\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u601d\u60f3\u6539\u9020\u4ee5\u6279\u5224\u201c\u5d07\u7f8e\u3001\u6050\u7f8e\u3001\u4eb2\u7f8e\u201d\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u7559\u7f8e\u5f52\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6210\u4e3a\u601d\u60f3\u6539\u9020\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u51e0\u6b21\u68c0\u67e5\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fc7\u5173\u30021950\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u56de\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u521a\u521a\u56de\u56fd\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u601d\u60f3\u6539\u9020\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u6709\u6781\u4e2a\u522b\u4eba\u6328\u6574\u4e86\u3002\u9648\u8363\u608c\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u601d\u60f3\u6539\u9020\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u7a0b\u4eac\u5f97\u4e86\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\uff0c\u6709\u70b9\u795e\u7ecf\u4e0d\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\u201d[\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u7b49 2012\uff0c\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u3001\u5218\u73fa\u73fa\u91c7\u8bbf\u9648\u8363\u608c.]<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/17784085335731tS1aK.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1\/7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3\/2026-05-10T10:22:14Z\/86400\/host\/b3d73e36fbadbc8032a5dbbf857d6721626c180528e489e2840738160835c13b\" 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2012\uff0c\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u3001\u675c\u5f00\u6614\u91c7\u8bbf\u738b\u660e\u8d1e.]\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u5f90\u748b\u672c\u88ab\u6295\u5165\u76d1\u72f1\uff0c\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4e8620\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u7262\u72f1\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c1979\u5e74\u624d\u51fa\u72f1\u3002[6]<\/p>\n<p>\u7533\u8446\u8bda\u5144\u5f1f\u59d0\u59b9\u56db\u4e2a\uff0c\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u6210\u4e86\u53f3\u6d3e\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7533\u8446\u9752\u5728\u5185\u3002\u7533\u8446\u8bda\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u90a3\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5f1f\u5f1f\u3001\u59b9\u59b9\u6ca1\u6709\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u4ed6\u4eec\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u4e0d\u660e\u767d\u600e\u4e48\u56de\u4e8b\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u53cd\u53f3\u8fd0\u52a8\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e25\u91cd\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u53f3\u6d3e\uff0c\u8fd8\u4ee5\u4e3a\u662f\u666e\u901a\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u770b\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u6234\u7740\u53f3\u6d3e\u7684\u5e3d\u5b50\u5728\u65b0\u7586\u5446\u4e8620\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u5c0f\u5fc3\u5904\u4e8b\u3002\u201d[\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u7b49 2012\uff0c\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u91c7\u8bbf\u7533\u8446\u8bda.]<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/1778408558720z5_2Lk.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1\/7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3\/2026-05-10T10:22:39Z\/86400\/host\/19a635c92be78c93a83d65c6fcc950039a62246307014810ff0843e91aed20f9\" 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2009\uff0c117-118\u9875.]<\/p>\n<p>4.3 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2008\uff0c257\u9875.] 1976\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u7535\u5b50\u5de5\u7a0b\u7cfb\u7684\u5468\u5bff\u5baa\u662f\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u4f4f\u6240\u81ea\u6740\u7684\u3002[\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u7b49 2012\uff0c\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u3001\u675c\u5f00\u6614\u91c7\u8bbf\u738b\u660e\u8d1e.]\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u6570\u5b66\u7cfb\u7684\u8463\u94c1\u5b9d\u662f1968\u5e7410\u670818\u65e5\u4e0a\u540a\u81ea\u6740\u7684\u3002[\u738b\u53cb\u7434 2004\uff0c119\u9875.]\u4e2d\u79d1\u9662\u529b\u5b66\u6240\u7684\u6797\u9e3f\u836a\u662f1968\u5e7412\u670815\u65e5\u81ea\u6740\u7684\u3002[\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u7b49 2012\uff0c\u738b\u5fb7\u7984\u91c7\u8bbf\u9ec4\u8302\u5149.]\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u5bf9\u6797\u9e3f\u836a\u81ea\u6740\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5b58\u5728\u5f02\u8bae\u3002\u4e2d\u79d1\u9662\u529b\u5b66\u6240\u7684\u7a0b\u4e16\u795c\u662f1968\u5e7410\u670823\u65e5\u81ea\u6740\u7684\u3002[\u738b\u53cb\u7434 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