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src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/177863249445972vqnW.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1\/7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3\/2026-05-13T00:34:54Z\/86400\/host\/4d832cb7afd1ded6a15c03085645a0707556cd148afa2abab5214b977eee4dc3\" 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al-Hanafi\uff09\u548c\u963f\u91cc\u00b7\u54c8\u5409\u00b7\u963f\u6bd4\u5fb7\uff08Ali al-Hajj 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al-Hussaini\uff09\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u515a\uff1b\u8be5\u515a\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u5730\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u7a46\u592b\u63d0\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5c01\u5efa\u5730\u4e3b\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u5927\u5546\u4eba\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>2.\u6c11\u65cf\u4fdd\u536b\u515a\uff0c\u7531\u62c9\u5409\u5e03\u00b7\u7eb3\u6c99\u5e0c\u6bd4\uff08Raghib al-Nashashibi\uff09\u9886\u5bfc\uff1b\u8be5\u515a\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1934\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u65b0\u5174\u57ce\u5e02\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u548c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5b98\u5458\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>3.\u72ec\u7acb\u515a\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1932\u5e74\uff0c\u515a\u9b41\u662f\u5965\u5c3c\u00b7\u963f\u535c\u675c\u52d2\u00b7\u54c8\u5fb7\u5c14\uff08Auni Abd al-Hadl\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u515a\u5305\u62ec\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u3001\u4e2d\u7b49\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u548c\u90e8\u5206\u5c0f\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u3002\u8fd9\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5176\u5de6\u6d3e\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u7279\u6b8a\u4f5c\u7528\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>4.\u6539\u9769\u515a\uff0c\u7531\u4faf\u8d5b\u56e0\u00b7\u54c8\u5229\u8fea\u535a\u58eb\u4e8e1935\u5e748\u6708\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>5.\u4ee5\u963f\u535c\u675c\u52d2\u00b7\u62c9\u8482\u592b\u00b7\u8428\u62c9\u8d6b\uff08Abd al-Latif Salah\uff09\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u96c6\u56e2\u515a\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>6.\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u9752\u5e74\u515a\uff0c\u515a\u9b41\u662f\u96c5\u514b\u5e03\u00b7\u53e4\u8f9b\uff08Ya&#8217;qub 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src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/1778632597449N3Lxrf.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1\/7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3\/2026-05-13T00:36:38Z\/86400\/host\/876977f79034d7375441ef2962d03369983fbbc0f3aed04848c48014faa71b89\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1936 \u5e74\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u9ad8\u7ea7\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u3002\u524d\u6392\u4ece\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\u4f9d\u6b21\u4e3a\uff1a\u62c9\u5409\u5e03\u00b7\u7eb3\u6c99\u5e0c\u6bd4\u3001\u963f\u660e\u00b7\u4faf\u8d5b\u5c3c\u3001\u827e\u54c8\u8fc8\u5fb7\u00b7\u5e0c\u5c14\u7c73\u5e15\u590f\u3001\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u94f6\u884c\u603b\u7ecf\u7406\u963f\u535c\u675c\u52d2\u00b7\u62c9\u8482\u592b\u00b7\u8d1d\u4f0a\u00b7\u8428\u62c9\u8d6b\u3001\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u6c11\u65cf\u515a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u963f\u5c14\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7\u00b7\u7f57\u514b\uff08\u56fe\u6e90\uff1aMatson G. Eric \u548c Edith \u7167\u7247\u96c6\/\u56fd\u4f1a\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u30021936 \u5e74 1 \u6708 1 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al-Ma&#8217;aref al-Wataniya\uff09\u5b66\u9662\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e0d\u4ea4\u7a0e\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4eba\u7684\u7ea6150\u540d\u4ee3\u8868\u51fa\u5e2d\u4e86\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002\u4f0a\u8428\u00b7\u8428\u592b\u91cc\uff08Isa 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al-Rahim al-Hajj Muhammad\uff09\u88ab\u6740\u5bb3\uff0c\u8d77\u4e49\u906d\u5230\u6c89\u91cd\u6253\u51fb\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u9769\u547d\u9886\u8896\u4e2d\u6700\u52c7\u6562\u3001\u6700\u777f\u667a\u3001\u6700\u6b63\u76f4\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u9886\u8896\u5c31\u6b64\u79bb\u53bb\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u6307\u6325\u90e8\u5f00\u59cb\u5d29\u6e83\u5e76\u64a4\u79bb\u6218\u573a\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u524d\u5915\u82f1\u6cd5\u7684\u548c\u89e3\u65e0\u7591\u4f7f\u5305\u56f4\u8d77\u4e49\u519b\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u5bb9\u6613\uff1a\u963f\u91cc\u592b\u00b7\u963f\u535c\u675c\u52d2\u00b7\u62c9\u624e\u514b\uff08Arif Abd al-Razzaq\uff09\u56e0\u9965\u997f\u548c\u8ffd\u6355\u800c\u75b2\u60eb\u4e0d\u582a\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u4e00\u8d77\u88ab\u79fb\u4ea4\u7ed9\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\uff1b\u7ea6\u65e6\u519b\u961f\u902e\u6355\u4e86\u4f18\u7d20\u798f\u00b7\u963f\u5e03\u00b7\u675c\u62c9\u5c14\uff08Yusuf Abu 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al-Wahhab 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