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src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/1780650420444qf2cCB.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1\/7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3\/2026-06-05T09:07:01Z\/86400\/host\/a6b1ab05eb1cadcbd55b1a71bee3288a7608b296365531623e4422e36aebec44\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/17806504424450DlOyH.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1\/7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3\/2026-06-05T09:07:23Z\/86400\/host\/9fece5cbaac68c76fc272a2f68e53b440ccdcc5310531b7849bacdc1e8966821\" \/><\/p>\n<p>2010\u5e74\uff0c\u8377\u5170\u7684\u62c9\u535a\u94f6\u884c\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u5168\u7403\u98df\u54c1\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u7684\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u300b\uff08Sustainability and security of the global food supply chain\uff09\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ece\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u8fdb\u53e3\u51b7\u51bb\u9c7c\u3001\u7f8a\u6bdb\u3001\u68d5\u6988\u6cb9\u3001\u68c9\u82b1\u7b49\u5404\u79cd\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u5927\u5b97\u7684\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ea4\u6613\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u3001\u5df4\u897f\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5927\u8c46\uff0c\u4e09\u8005\u7684\u603b\u4ef7\u503c\u8fbe\u4e8c\u767e\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u5de6\u53f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u4e0a\u9762\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u5e45\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6ca7\u6d77\u6851\u7530\u822c\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u66fe\u7ecf\u5360\u636e\u4e16\u754c\u4ea7\u91cf90%\u7684\u5927\u8c46\u738b\u56fd\uff0c\u800c\u8fdb\u516520\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u76f8\u7ee7\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u62c9\u7f8e\u7684\u5df4\u897f\u3001\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d85\u8d8a\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb15\u5e74\u91cc\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e25\u91cd\u4f9d\u8d56\u8fdb\u53e3\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6709\u4eba\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u56fd\u5185\u4ea7\u91cf\u8ddf\u4e0d\u4e0a\u65e5\u76ca\u81a8\u80c0\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4f46\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u4ece\u62a5\u7ae0\u65b0\u95fb\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u77e5\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u8c46\u519c\u65e5\u5b50\u5f88\u96be\u8fc7\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u4e3a\u5927\u8c46\u5356\u4e0d\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u4ef7\u94b1\u53d1\u6101\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4e00\u800c\u518d\u3001\u518d\u800c\u4e09\u5730\u51cf\u5c11\u5927\u8c46\u79cd\u690d\u9762\u79ef\u3002[5]\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u7981\u8981\u95ee\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u56fd\u4ea7\u7684\u5927\u8c46\u6253\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fdb\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u8c46\uff1f\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u4ee4\u4eba\u532a\u5937\u6240\u601d\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff1f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u8d44\u672c\u4ecb\u5165\u5927\u8c46\u4ea7\u4f9b\u9500\u94fe\u6761\u2014\u2014\u5927\u8c46\u7531\u98df\u7269\u5230\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u519c\u4e1a\u5bf9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u79ef\u7d2f\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u62b5\u5236\u3002[6]\u524d\u9762\u4e5f\u63d0\u5230\u8fc7\uff0c\u76f4\u523020\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u5927\u8c46\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5927\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u800c\u5f53\u65f6\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u5927\u8c46\u8d38\u6613\u3002\u5f15\u8d77\u4e4b\u540e\u5927\u8c46\u751f\u4ea7\u533a\u57df\u548c\u5927\u8c46\u8d38\u6613\u5de8\u5927\u53d8\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u8de8\u56fd\u8d44\u672c\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\u3002\u4ee5\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u4e09\u4e95\u7269\u4ea7\u3001\u4e39\u9ea6\u7684\u5b9d\u9686\u6d0b\u884c\uff08East Asiatic Company\uff09\u3001\u4fc4\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u88d4\u5546\u4eba\u521b\u529e\u7684\u7f57\u66fc\u00b7\u5361\u5df4\u5c14\u91d1\u7236\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\uff08R. M. Kabalkin and 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Daniels Midland\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\uff09\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1902\u5e74\uff0c\u603b\u8d44\u4ea7\u57282012\u5e74\u4e3a415.53\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5927\u8c46\u52a0\u5de5\u5546\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5168\u7403\u6700\u5927\u7684\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d38\u6613\u548c\u52a0\u5de5\u5546\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u57282010\u5e74\u300a\u8d22\u5bcc\u300b\u4e16\u754c500\u5f3a\u540d\u5355\u4e2d\u6392\u540d\u7b2c27\u4f4d\u3002\u5b83\u572875\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u670930000\u540d\u96c7\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a6\u5409\uff08Bunge\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\uff09\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1818\u5e74\uff0c\u603b\u8d44\u4ea7\u57282011\u5e74\u4e3a232.75\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u662f\u5c45\u4e8e\u9886\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u5168\u7403\u5927\u8c46\u51fa\u53e3\u5546\u548c\u5168\u7403\u6700\u5927\u7684\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ea4\u6613\u548c\u52a0\u5de5\u516c\u53f8\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u57282010\u5e74\u300a\u8d22\u5bcc\u300b\u4e16\u754c500\u5f3a\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u540d\u5355\u4e2d\u6392\u540d\u7b2c172\u4f4d\u3002\u5b83\u4e8e2001\u5e74\u79cb\u4e0a\u5e02\uff0c\u6b64\u524d\u662f\u975e\u4e0a\u5e02\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u5b83\u572840\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u670932000\u540d\u96c7\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5609\u5409\uff08Cargill\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\uff09\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1865\u5e74\uff0c\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u975e\u4e0a\u5e02\u79c1\u4eba\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u603b\u8d44\u4ea7\u57282012\u5e74\u4e3a625.8\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5927\u5b97\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ea4\u6613\u5546\u3002\u5047\u5982\u5b83\u662f\u4e0a\u5e02\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5609\u5409\u5c06\u88ab\u6392\u8fdb\u300a\u8d22\u5bcc\u300b\u4e16\u754c500\u5f3a\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u524d\u5341\u4f4d\u3002\u5b83\u572866\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u6709142000\u540d\u96c7\u5458\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8def\u6613\u00b7\u8fbe\u5b5a\uff08Louis Dreyfus\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\uff09\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u4e8e1851\u5e74\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5927\u5b97\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ea4\u6613\u5546\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u662f\u975e\u4e0a\u5e02\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u516c\u5e03\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5176\u603b\u8d44\u4ea7\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0d\u8be6\uff0c2010\u5e74\u7684\u9500\u552e\u89c4\u6a21\u4e3a460\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u5b83\u572855\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fd0\u4f5c\uff0c\u670934000\u540d\u96c7\u5458\u3002[11]<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u79cd\u5b50\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u539f\u6750\u6599\u6295\u5165\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u662f\u5b5f\u5c71\u90fd\u516c\u53f8\uff1b\u800c\u5728\u79cd\u690d\u3001\u8d38\u6613\u548c\u52a0\u5de5\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u662fADM\u3001\u90a6\u5409\u3001\u5609\u5409\u548c\u8def\u6613\u00b7\u8fbe\u5b5a\u7b49\u56db\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0ABCD\u56db\u5927\u7cae\u5546\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e94\u5bb6\u8de8\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u51e0\u4e4e\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u5927\u8c46\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u7684\u6240\u6709\u73af\u8282\uff08\u56fe7\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/1780650554446KKx3vu.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1\/7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3\/2026-06-05T09:09:15Z\/86400\/host\/d77604e447a76f6a3d723719696dcc464e625a4e141ecf0ee9351bbc2cee0b71\" 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\u5bf9\u79cd\u5b50\u7684\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n<p>\u76f4\u52301990\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u5927\u8c46\u79cd\u5b50\u3002\u90a3\u65f6\uff0c\u79cd\u5b50\u51e0\u4e4e\u5b8c\u5168\u638c\u63e1\u5728\u8c46\u519c\u4e0e\u56fd\u8425\u80b2\u79cd\u516c\u53f8\u624b\u4e2d\u3002\u4f46\u4ece20\u4e16\u7eaa90\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e2d\u671f\u8d77\uff0c\u60c5\u5f62\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff1a\u51e0\u5bb6\u8de8\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5982\u5b5f\u5c71\u90fd\u3001\u5148\u6b63\u8fbe\uff08Syngenta\uff09\u3001\u62dc\u8033\uff08Bayer\uff09\u3001\u9676\u6c0f\u5316\u5b66\uff08Dow\uff09\u3001\u675c\u90a6\uff08DuPont\uff09\u5148\u540e\u5f00\u59cb\u4ecb\u5165\u79cd\u5b50\u884c\u4e1a\uff0c\u5927\u529b\u63a8\u52a8\u79cd\u5b50\u4f9b\u5e94\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u5316\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u5265\u593a\u519c\u6c11\u79cd\u5b50\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u8eab\u5229\u6da6\u6700\u5927\u5316\u30021996\u5e74\uff0c\u5b5f\u5c71\u90fd\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u7684\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u5927\u8c46\u54c1\u79cd\uff1a\u201c\u6297\u519c\u8fbe\uff08Roundup Ready\uff09\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u5927\u8c46\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u4e0d\u6015\u5b5f\u5c71\u90fd\u81ea\u5df1\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u201c\u519c\u8fbe\u201d\u578b\uff08Roundup\uff09\u9664\u8349\u5242\uff0c\u519c\u6c11\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u5bf9\u4f5c\u7269\u55b7\u5c04\u9664\u8349\u5242\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7b49\u5927\u8c46\u751f\u957f\u5230\u8db3\u4ee5\u627f\u53d7\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u55b7\u5c04\u3002[13]<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/17806505806354pto_E.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1\/7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3\/2026-06-05T09:09:42Z\/86400\/host\/b4a98fe46f940de77b6c345af9c67773efcdfc82f2043bd3bd7a46308f0159f0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u8c46\u7530\u55b7\u5c04\u9664\u8349\u5242<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece1996\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5728\u8de8\u56fd\u79cd\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u4e0b\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u4f5c\u7269\u7684\u79cd\u690d\u9762\u79ef\u90fd\u5728\u5feb\u901f\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7389\u7c73\u3001\u68c9\u82b1\u3001\u6cb9\u83dc\u7c7d\uff0c\u4f46\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u5927\u8c46\u79cd\u690d\u9762\u79ef\u6269\u5927\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u6700\u5feb\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u5df4\u897f\u3002\u5728\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\uff0c\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u5927\u8c46\u5360\u5927\u8c46\u79cd\u690d\u603b\u9762\u79ef\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u4e8e2000\u5e74\u4fbf\u8d85\u8fc790%\uff1b\u51e0\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6bd4\u91cd\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e5f\u8de8\u8fc7\u4e8690%\u5927\u5173\u3002\u4e0e\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u6bd7\u90bb\u7684\u5df4\u897f\u66fe\u4e00\u5ea6\u82b1\u5927\u6c14\u529b\u62b5\u5fa1\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u5927\u8c46\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u8fd8\u662f\u8d25\u4e0b\u9635\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u52302010\u5e74\uff0c\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u5927\u8c46\u5df2\u5360\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u8c46\u79cd\u690d\u603b\u9762\u79ef\u768493%\uff0c\u5360\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u5927\u8c46\u79cd\u690d\u603b\u9762\u79ef\u768499%\uff0c\u5360\u5df4\u897f\u5927\u8c46\u79cd\u690d\u603b\u9762\u79ef\u768476%\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5e73\u5747\u6c34\u5e73\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u63a5\u8fd180%\u3002\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u5927\u8c46\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\u4ece\u4f55\u800c\u6765\u5462\uff1f\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u81ea\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5373\u5b5f\u5c71\u90fd\u3002\u4ece2004\u5e74\u7b97\u8d77\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u8d85\u8fc790%\u7684\u8f6c\u57fa\u56e0\u5927\u8c46\u79cd\u5b50\u90fd\u6765\u81ea\u8fd9\u4e00\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f5c\u4e3a\u79cd\u5b50\u548c\u519c\u7528\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u7684\u5b5f\u5c71\u90fd\u5728\u4e0e\u8c46\u519c\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u9890\u6307\u6c14\u4f7f\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e00\u4e16\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2. \u5bf9\u79cd\u690d\u7684\u63a7\u5236<\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u8c46\u7684\u79cd\u690d\u6a21\u5f0f\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u5c11\u6570\u5927\u578b\u79cd\u690d\u56ed\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u5927\u91cf\u4e2a\u4f53\u8c46\u519c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u963f\u6839\u5ef7\u548c\u5df4\u897f\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u9a6c\u6258\u683c\u7f57\u7d22\u5dde\u957f\u3001\u5df4\u897f\u56fd\u5bb6\u53c2\u8bae\u5458\u739b\u5947\uff08Blairo Maggi\uff09 \u62e5\u6709\u7684\u739b\u5947\u96c6\u56e2\uff08Andr\u00e9 Maggi 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