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class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2021%2F1117%2F79a76cb7j00r2oay6002gd000k000cfp.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCLQ\">\u9a6c\u738b\u5806\u5e1b\u4e66\u300a\u4e94\u661f\u5360\u300b\u56fe\u5f71<\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCLR\">\u300a\u6dee\u5357\u5b50\u00b7\u5929\u6587\u8bad\u300b\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0e\u300a\u4e94\u661f\u5360\u300b\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u5176\u6587\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f55\u8c13\u4e94\u661f\uff1f\u4e1c\u65b9\uff0c\u6728\u4e5f\u3002\u5176\u5e1d\u592a\u769e\uff0c\u5176\u4f50\u53e5\u8292\uff0c\u6267\u89c4\u800c\u6cbb\u6625\u3002\u5176\u795e\u4e3a\u5c81\u661f\uff0c\u5176\u517d\u82cd\u9f99\uff0c\u5176\u97f3\u89d2\uff0c\u5176\u65e5\u7532\u4e59\u3002\u5357\u65b9\uff0c\u706b\u4e5f\u3002\u5176\u5e1d\u708e\u5e1d\uff0c\u5176\u4f50\u6731\u660e\uff0c\u6267\u8861\u800c\u6cbb\u590f\u3002\u5176\u795e\u4e3a\u8367\u60d1\uff0c\u5176\u517d\u6731\u9e1f\uff0c\u5176\u97f3\u5fb5\uff0c\u5176\u65e5\u4e19\u4e01\u3002\u4e2d\u592e\uff0c\u571f\u4e5f\u3002\u5176\u5e1d\u9ec4\u5e1d\uff0c\u5176\u4f50\u540e\u571f\uff0c\u6267\u7ef3\u800c\u6cbb\u56db\u65b9\u3002\u5176\u795e\u4e3a\u9547\u661f\uff0c\u5176\u517d\u9ec4\u9f99\uff0c\u5176\u97f3\u5bab\uff0c\u5176\u65e5\u620a\u5df1\u3002\u897f\u65b9\uff0c\u91d1\u4e5f\u3002\u5176\u5e1d\u5c11\u660a\uff0c\u5176\u4f50\u84d0\u6536\uff0c\u6267\u77e9\u800c\u6cbb\u79cb\u3002\u5176\u795e\u4e3a\u592a\u767d\uff0c\u5176\u517d\u767d\u864e\uff0c\u5176\u97f3\u5546\uff0c\u5176\u65e5\u5e9a\u8f9b\u3002\u5317\u65b9\uff0c\u6c34\u4e5f\u3002\u5176\u5e1d\u989b\u987c\uff0c\u5176\u4f50\u7384\u51a5\uff0c\u6267\u6743\u800c\u6cbb\u51ac\u3002\u5176\u795e\u4e3a\u8fb0\u661f\uff0c\u5176\u517d\u7384\u6b66\uff0c\u5176\u97f3\u7fbd\uff0c\u5176\u65e5\u58ec\u7678\u3002[13]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCLT\">\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u4e94\u661f\u5360\u5185\u5bb9\u5728\u300a\u53f2\u8bb0\u00b7\u5929\u5b98\u4e66\u300b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4f55\u5e7c\u7426\u5148\u751f\u63a8\u6d4b\u300a\u4e94\u661f\u5360\u300b\u6210\u6587\u7684\u65f6\u671f\u5f53\u5728\u516c\u5143\u524d370\u5e74\u81f3320\u5e74\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002[14]\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u6301\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u3002\u535c\u8f9e\u4e2d\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u6709\u5173\u4e8e\u201c\u5e1d\u4e94\u81e3\u201d\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u5c6f\u5357\u300b930\u8f7d\uff1a\u201c\u8d1e\uff0c\u5b81\u79cb\u4e8e\u5e1d\u4e94\u4e2f\u81e3\uff0c\u4e8e\u65e5\u544a\u3002\u201d\u4e01\u5c71\u5148\u751f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u7532\u9aa8\u6587\u6240\u89c1\u5e1d\u4e94\u4e2f\u81e3\uff0c\u5b9e\u5373\u660e\u5802\u6708\u4ee4\u7684\u4e94\u65b9\u795e\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u300a\u6dee\u5357\u00b7\u5929\u6587\u7bc7\u300b\u6240\u8c13\u2018\u4e94\u5e1d\u4f50\u2019\u4e86\u3002\u2026\u2026\u4e94\u81e3\uff0c\u65e2\u9644\u4e3d\u4e8e\u4e0a\u5e1d\uff0c\u662f\u5929\u795e\u4e5f\u3002\u201d\u5f90\u632f\u97ec\u5148\u751f\u56e0\u6b64\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e94\u5927\u5929\u795e\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6bb7\u4ee3\u5bf9\u4e94\u5927\u884c\u661f\u7684\u7edf\u79f0[15]\u3002\u6309\u7b14\u8005\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u590f\u5546\u5e76\u884c\u8bf4\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u535c\u8f9e\u5b58\u5728\u89c6\u4e94\u661f\u4e3a\u5929\u795e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5219\u590f\u4ee3\u6709\u4e94\u661f\u89c2\u6d4b\u4e5f\u662f\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2021%2F1117%2Fba9b7ba4j00r2oaz20015d000u200gxp.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCLV\">\u535c\u8f9e\u7684\u5e1d\u4e94\u4e2f\u81e3\uff08\u5c6f\u5357903\uff09<\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCM0\">\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u90a3\u4e9b\u628a\u738b\u671d\u7684\u5174\u8870\u7cfb\u4e8e\u4e94\u661f\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u7a76\u7adf\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u53ef\u9760\u6027\uff0c\u4ecd\u662f\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u8c28\u614e\u5bf9\u5f85\u7684\u3002\u6218\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u300a\u77f3\u6c0f\u661f\u7ecf\u300b\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5c81\u661f\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u4e94\u661f\u7686\u4ece\uff0c\u800c\u805a\u4e8e\u4e00\u820d\uff0c\u5176\u4e0b\u4e4b\u56fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e49\u81f4\u5929\u4e0b\u3002[16]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCM2\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u628a\u201c\u4e94\u661f\u805a\u201d\u4e0e\u738b\u671d\u5174\u8870\u8054\u7cfb\u4e86\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u4e5f\u89c1\u4e8e\u53f8\u9a6c\u8fc1\u6240\u8457\u7684\u300a\u53f2\u8bb0\u00b7\u5929\u5b98\u4e66\u300b\uff0c\u5176\u6587\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e94\u661f\u5408\uff0c\u662f\u8c13\u6613\u884c\u3002\u6709\u5fb7\u53d7\u5e86\uff0c\u6539\u7acb\u5927\u4eba\uff0c\u63a9\u6709\u56db\u65b9\uff0c\u5b50\u5b59\u8543\u660c\uff1b\u65e0\u5fb7\u53d7\u6b83\uff0c\u82e5\u4ea1\u3002\u4e94\u661f\u7686\u5927\uff0c\u5176\u4e8b\u4ea6\u5927\uff1b\u7686\u5c0f\uff0c\u5176\u4e8b\u4ea6\u5c0f\u3002[17]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCM4\">\u6709\u5fb7\u5219\u5e86\uff0c\u65e0\u5fb7\u5219\u6b83\uff0c\u8fd9\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u662f\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e94\u661f\u805a\u4e0e\u6539\u671d\u6362\u4ee3\u7684\u5173\u8054\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u6837\u6ca1\u6709\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u81ea\u897f\u6c49\u672b\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u8c36\u7eac\u5b66\u5174\u8d77\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5149\u6b66\u4e2d\u5174\uff0c\u5218\u79c0\u4ee5\u7b26\u745e\u56fe\u8c36\u8d77\u5175\u800c\u636e\u5e1d\u4f4d\uff0c\u201c\u5ba3\u5e03\u56fe\u8c36\u4e8e\u5929\u4e0b\u201d\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u7eac\u4e66\u5728\u4e1c\u6c49\u65f6\u671f\u767b\u5802\u5165\u5ba4\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u628a\u590f\u5546\u5468\u4e09\u4ee3\u4e0e\u4e94\u661f\u805a\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e5f\u662f\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u300a\u6625\u79cb\u5143\u547d\u82de\u300b\u5c31\u628a\u5546\u5468\u7684\u738b\u671d\u66f4\u66ff\u4e0e\u201c\u4e94\u661f\u805a\u201d\u8054\u7cfb\u4e86\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5176\u6587\u66f0\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6bb7\u7ea3\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u4e94\u661f\u805a\u623f\u3002[18]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2021%2F1117%2F8aaf76b3j00r2ob36001dd000v900hkp.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCM7\">\u8ff7\u4fe1\u56fe\u8c36\u7684\u5149\u6b66\u5e1d\u5218\u79c0\uff08\u6e05\u4eba\u7ed8\uff09<\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCM8\">\u53c8\u6bd4\u5982\u4e1c\u6c49\u6853\u8c2d\u7684\u300a\u65b0\u8bba\u300b\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7532\u5b50\uff0c\u65e5\u6708\u82e5\u8fde\u58c1\uff0c\u4e94\u661f\u82e5\u8fde\u73e0\u3002\u6627\u723d\uff0c\u6b66\u738b\u671d\u81f3\u4e8e\u5357\u90ca\u7267\u91ce\uff0c\u4ece\u5929\u4ee5\u8ba8\u7ea3\uff0c\u6545\u5175\u4e0d\u8840\u5203\u800c\u5b9a\u5929\u4e0b\u3002[19]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCMA\">\u628a\u5927\u79b9\u4e4b\u5174\u4e0e\u201c\u4e94\u661f\u805a\u201d\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u7684\u6587\u732e\u53ea\u6709\u524d\u5f15\u7684\u4e1c\u6c49\u7eac\u4e66\u300a\u5b5d\u7ecf\u94a9\u547d\u51b3\u300b\u3002\u7eac\u4e66\u662f\u8ff7\u4fe1\u7684\u6e0a\u85ae\uff0c\u591a\u201c\u589e\u9970\u4f9d\u6258\uff0c\u527d\u7a83\u77eb\u79f0\u201d\u4e4b\u8f9e\uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u5e76\u4e0d\u9ad8\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u590f\u5546\u5468\u65ad\u4ee3\u5de5\u7a0b\u628a\u7eac\u4e66\u4f5c\u4e3a\u590f\u671d\u5e74\u4ee3\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f20\u5bcc\u7965\u5148\u751f\u6279\u8bc4\u9053\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4ece\u6587\u732e\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u300a\u5b5d\u7ecf\u94a9\u547d\u51b3\u300b\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u7684\uff0c\u7528\u73b0\u4ee3\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u63a8\u7b97\u53bb\u5957\u5408\u53e4\u4eba\u865a\u6784\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5408\u60c5\u7406\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7eac\u4e66\u6750\u6599\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e25\u8083\u7684\u53e4\u53f2\u5e74\u4ee3\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u66f4\u9700\u8981\u683c\u5916\u5c0f\u5fc3\u548c\u63d0\u9632\u3002[20]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCMC\">\u6211\u56fd\u6709\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u6e0a\u6e90\uff0c\u6709\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u54c8\u96f7\u536b\u661f\u3001\u65e5\u98df\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u5728\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bb0\u5f55\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u662f\u53ef\u9760\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8bb0\u5f55\u88ab\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5229\u7528\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u5bb6\u5f20\u57f9\u745c\u5148\u751f\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e94\u661f\u4f1a\u805a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u201c\u4e94\u661f\u4f1a\u805a\u5929\u8c61\u5982\u4e0d\u4e0e\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u7275\u8fde\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e\u65f6\u53d8\u3001\u745e\u5e94\u8054\u7cfb\u65f6\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u540e\u4eba\u7684\u9644\u4f1a\uff0c\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u5219\u5f80\u5f80\u6709\u63d0\u524d\u6216\u63a8\u8fdf\u7684\u73b0\u8c61[21]\u3002\u5f20\u57f9\u745c\u5148\u751f\u4e3e\u51fa\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e1c\u6c49\u65f6\u671f\u73ed\u56fa\u6240\u8457\u7684\u300a\u6c49\u4e66\u00b7\u9ad8\u7956\u672c\u7eaa\u300b\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6c49\u5143\u5e74\u5341\u6708\uff0c\u4e94\u661f\u805a\u4e8e\u4e1c\u4e95\uff0c\u6c9b\u516c\u81f3\u9738\u4e0a\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"f_center\"><img src=\"https:\/\/nimg.ws.126.net\/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdingyue.ws.126.net%2F2021%2F1117%2F26228295j00r2ob3r001zd000ku00dwp.jpg&amp;thumbnail=660x2147483647&amp;quality=80&amp;type=jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCMF\">\u6c5f\u82cf\u4e30\u53bf\u5218\u90a6\u5e7f\u573a<\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCMG\">\u4f46\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u7b97\u79e6\u6c49\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4e94\u661f\u8fd0\u52a8\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u6c49\u521d\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u4e94\u661f\u4f1a\u805a\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u6c49\u4e8c\u5e74\u56db\u6708\u4e5d\u65e5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6c49\u5143\u5e74\u7684\u5341\u6708\u3002\u518d\u6bd4\u5982\u5357\u671d\u6881\u6c88\u7ea6\u7f16\u8457\u7684\u300a\u5b8b\u4e66\u00b7\u5929\u6587\u5fd7\u4e09\u300b\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4eca\u6848\u9057\u6587\u6240\u5b58\uff0c\u4e94\u661f\u805a\u8005\u6709\u4e09\uff1a\u5468\u3001\u6c49\u4ee5\u738b\u9f50\u4ee5\u9738\uff0c\u9f50\u5219\u6c38\u7ec8\u4faf\u4f2f\uff0c\u5352\u65e0\u66f4\u7eaa\u4e4b\u4e8b\uff0c\u662f\u5219\u4e94\u661f\u805a\u6709\u4e0d\u6613\u884c\u8005\u77e3\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCMI\">\u5939\u6ce8\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5468\u5c06\u4f10\u6bb7\uff0c\u4e94\u661f\u805a\u623f\u3002\u9f50\u6853\u5c06\u9738\uff0c\u4e94\u661f\u805a\u7b95\u3002\u6c49\u9ad8\u5165\u79e6\uff0c\u4e94\u661f\u805a\u4e1c\u4e95\u3002[22]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCMK\">\u6839\u636e\u300a\u5de6\u4f20\u300b\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u9f50\u6853\u516c\u59cb\u9738\u5728\u9c81\u5e84\u516c\u5341\u4e94\u5e74[23]\uff0c\u5373\u516c\u5143\u524d679\u5e74\u3002\u800c\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u4e94\u661f\u8fd0\u52a8\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u70b9\u7684\u4e94\u661f\u805a\u5408\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u516c\u5143\u524d661\u5e74[24]\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56db\u3001\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCML\">\u9274\u4e8e\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u80fd\u89c1\u5230\u7684\u628a\u4e94\u661f\u805a\u4e0e\u738b\u671d\u5174\u8870\u76f8\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u65e0\u4e0d\u51fa\u4e8e\u8c36\u7eac\u5174\u8d77\u540e\u7684\u4e1c\u6c49\u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u665a\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u628a\u300a\u5b5d\u7ecf\u94a9\u547d\u51b3\u300b\u7684\u4e94\u661f\u805a\u8bb0\u5f55\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u590f\u4ee3\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u65e0\u7591\u5e94\u6301\u614e\u91cd\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCMM\">\u6700\u540e\u9700\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd1\u4e9b\u5e74\u65b0\u89c1\u7684\u51fa\u571f\u6587\u732e\u300a\u6e05\u534e\u7b80\u300b\u4ee5\u5b63\u8fde\u751f\u6d3b\u4e8e\u76d8\u5e9a\u3001\u6b66\u4e01\u65f6\u671f[25] \uff0c\u300a\u90ed\u5e97\u7b80\u300b\u4ee5\u768b\u9676\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u6b66\u4e01\u65f6\u671f[26] 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id=\"0DUMHCMO\">[1] \u300a\u592a\u5e73\u5fa1\u89c8\u300b\u5377\u4e03\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e2d\u534e\u4e66\u5c40\uff0c1960\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u7b2c34\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCMP\">[2] \u5b59\u7474\u8457\u5f55\uff1a\u300a\u53e4\u5fae\u4e66\u300b\u5377\u4e09\u5341\uff0c\u6d4e\u5357\uff1a\u5c71\u4e1c\u53cb\u8c0a\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c1990\u5e74\uff0c\u7b2c611\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCMQ\">[3] \u590f\u5546\u5468\u65ad\u4ee3\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e13\u5bb6\u7ec4\u7f16\u8457\uff1a\u300a\u590f\u5546\u5468\u65ad\u4ee3\u5de5\u7a0b\uff1a1996-2000\u5e74\u9636\u6bb5\u6210\u679c\u62a5\u544a\u300b\uff08\u7b80\u672c\uff09\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u4e16\u754c\u56fe\u4e66\u51fa\u7248\u516c\u53f8\u5317\u4eac\u516c\u53f8\uff0c2000\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u7b2c80\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n<p id=\"0DUMHCMR\">[4] 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