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1<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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\u96f7\u66fc\u7684\u6c42\u5a5a\u4ee4\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u731d\u4e0d\u53ca\u9632\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u672a\u52a0\u601d\u7d22\u4fbf\u65ad\u7136\u62d2\u7edd\u3002\u4e0d\u59a8\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u8fd9\u662f\u5979\u8fd1\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u6f2b\u957f\u4eba\u751f\u4e2d\u906d\u9047\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u3001\u4e5f\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u6b21\u6b63\u5f0f\u6c42\u5a5a\uff0c\u6216\u8bb8\u5979\u4f1a\u7a0d\u7a0d\u601d\u91cf\u4e00\u756a\u3002\u4f46\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u7684\u4f20\u8bb0\u4f5c\u8005\u9a6c\u6b47\u5c14\uff08Megan Marshall\uff09\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5979\u5973\u6027\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u5979\u4e00\u76f4\u73cd\u85cf\u7740\u8fd9\u6bb5\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5176\u4ef7\u503c\u968f\u7740\u5c81\u6708\u7684\u6d41\u901d\u800c\u8d8a\u53d1\u73cd\u8d35\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u535a\u5b66\u591a\u624d\u548c\u6590\u7136\u6587\u91c7\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u9879\u8fc7\u4eba\u4e4b\u5904\u662f\u5979\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u624d\u80fd\u3002\u4ece\u65e9\u5e74\u5f00\u529e\u5973\u5b50\u5b66\u6821\u8d77\uff0c\u5979\u4e0e\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u5bcc\u5546\u540d\u6d41\u591a\u6709\u6765\u5f80\u3002\u4e0e\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u4e45\u522b\u91cd\u9022\u540e\uff0c\u5979\u53c8\u6210\u4e3a\u5eb7\u79d1\u5fb7\u201c\u8d85\u9a8c\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u201d\u6700\u4e3a\u5f15\u4eba\u77a9\u76ee\u7684\u8bbf\u5ba2\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u5df2\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4efb\u59bb\u5b50\u8389\u8fea\u5b89\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u8389\u8fea\u5b89\u53c2\u52a0\u8fc7\u5bcc\u52d2\uff08Margaret Fuller\uff0c1810-1850\uff09\u5728\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u4e66\u5e97\u4e3e\u529e\u7684\u201c\u8c08\u8bdd\u201d\u8bb2\u5ea7\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u90fd\u5f88\u719f\u6089\u3002\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u5c06\u597d\u53cb\u5bcc\u52d2\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7ed9\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u2014\u2014\u4f46\u5f88\u5feb\u4e8c\u4eba\u7684\u53cb\u8c0a\u8fc5\u901f\u5347\u6e29\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u8389\u8fea\u5b89\u7684\u7591\u8651\u3002\u5728\u5e94\u9080\u9020\u8bbf\u5eb7\u79d1\u5fb7\u7684\u5973\u5bbe\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u8389\u8fea\u5b89\u66f4\u559c\u6b22\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\uff1a\u5728\u5979\u5206\u5a29\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u6089\u5fc3\u5e2e\u52a9\u6599\u7406\u5bb6\u52a1\uff0c\u7167\u7ba1\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u5e73\u6613\u800c\u5468\u5230\uff0c\u5b9b\u4f3c\u5bb6\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0d\u50cf\u5bcc\u52d2\u6c89\u9189\u4e8e\u548c\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u6563\u6b65\u804a\u5929\uff0c\u6574\u65e5\u9ad8\u8c08\u9614\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8389\u8fea\u5b89\u5047\u5982\u77e5\u9053\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u4e24\u6b21\u5a5a\u59fb\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u66fe\u548c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u6709\u8fc7\u4e00\u6b21\u76f8\u4eb2\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5979\u4f1a\u66f4\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u3002\u76f8\u4eb2\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u7531\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u5bb6\u7684\u201c\u7956\u5976\u5976\u201d\u2014\u2014\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u7684\u59d1\u5988\u739b\u4e3d\u00b7\u9ed8\u8fea\u00b7\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u5f53\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u8d74\u6b27\u8003\u5bdf\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u6307\u4ee4\uff1b\u4ed6\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u67e5\u5c14\u65af\u5728\u6536\u5230\u6307\u4ee4\u540e\u8fc5\u901f\u56de\u590d\uff0c\u58f0\u79f0\u4e0e\u76ae\u5c0f\u59d0\u65e9\u5df2\u719f\u8bc6\uff0c\u5176\u4eba\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e4f\u201c\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u54c1\u5473\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u201c\u6211\u6240\u8981\u6c42\u5987\u5973\u7684\u662f\u8981\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u201d\u3002\u800c\u739b\u4e3d\u59d1\u6bcd\u6240\u5e0c\u5180\u7684\uff0c\u6bcb\u5b81\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u79cd\u667a\u529b\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7f57\u66fc\u8482\u514b\u7684\u5339\u914d\u201d\u3002\u6570\u6708\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u67e5\u5c14\u65af\u8fc5\u901f\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u970d\u5c14\u6cd5\u5b98\u7684\u5973\u513f\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u00b7\u970d\u5c14\u8ba2\u5a5a\uff0c\u4e0d\u77e5\u662f\u5426\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6b21\u201c\u4fc3\u5a5a\u201d\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u53cd\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

1830\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u4e0e\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u5171\u540c\u5173\u6ce8\u5e76\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u8d85\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u6b63\u5904\u4e8e\u5b83\u7684\u5168\u76db\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u4e8c\u4eba\u6240\u8981\u63a2\u8ba8\u7684\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u65b0\u65e7\u4e24\u6d3e\u4e89\u8bba\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u795e\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u8d85\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5589\u820c\u300a\u65e5\u6677\u300b\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u51fa\u7248\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u8fd8\u6709\u7267\u5e08\u91cc\u666e\u5229\u201c\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u519c\u5e84\u201d\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u4e8c\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u8d85\u8fc7\u540c\u5fd7\u52a0\u5144\u5f1f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7f16\u7684\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u8981\u6c42\u671f\u520a\u51fa\u7248\u5370\u5237\u8981\u5c3d\u5584\u5c3d\u7f8e\uff0c\u5374\u5f88\u5c11\u8003\u8651\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u51fa\u7248\u5546\u6240\u627f\u62c5\u7684\u8d39\u7528\u548c\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u51fa\u5f02\u8bae\uff0c\u4eff\u4f5b\u975e\u5e38\u4e50\u4e8e\u627f\u62c5\u8fd9\u6837\u5177\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u65e5\u540e\u5728\u5979\u4e0e\u5965\u5c14\u79d1\u7279\uff08Amos Bronson Alcott\uff0c1799-1888\uff09\u3001\u970d\u52d2\u65af\u00b7\u66fc\uff08Horace Mann\uff0c1796-1859\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u970d\u6851\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u4ea4\u5f80\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b21\u53c8\u4e00\u6b21\u5730\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u65e0\u79c1\u5949\u732e\u7684\u727a\u7272\u7cbe\u795e\u3002<\/p>\n

2<\/p>\n

\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u5bf9\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u65e0\u5d07\u656c\u4e4b\u610f\uff0c\u4f46\u5979\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u5bfc\u5e08\u5219\u4e3a\u5f53\u65f6\u552f\u4e00\u795e\u6559\u9886\u8896\u94b1\u5b81\u535a\u58eb\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8046\u542c\u94b1\u5b81\u535a\u58eb\u5e03\u9053\u65f6\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u624d\u4e03\u5c81\uff0c\u535a\u58eb\u5df2\u8fd1\u800c\u7acb\u4e4b\u5e74\u3002\u5341\u4e00\u5c81\u65f6\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u6293\u4f4f\u4e00\u6b21\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8046\u542c\u5e03\u9053\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f53\u9762\u5411\u5979\u5fc3\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u5076\u50cf\u63d0\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u535a\u58eb\u7684\u52c9\u52b1\u4e0b\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u5341\u4e09\u5c81\u5f00\u59cb\u7814\u8bfb\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u3002\u5230\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u540e\u5728\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u518d\u6b21\u4e0e\u535a\u58eb\u89c1\u9762\u65f6\uff0c\u5979\u7684\u6e0a\u535a\u5b66\u8bc6\u548c\u5173\u4e8e\u795e\u5b66\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u4ee4\u4ed6\u5927\u4e3a\u60ca\u53f9\u3002\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u548c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u201c\u795e\u5e99\u201d\uff08Temple\uff09\u5b66\u6821\u5f00\u529e\u65f6\uff0c\u535a\u58eb\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u5973\u513f\u9001\u5165\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u4ee5\u793a\u652f\u6301\u548c\u9f13\u52b1\u3002\u4ed6\u9080\u8bf7\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u95f2\u6687\u65f6\u4e00\u540c\u6563\u6b65\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u8ba8\u8bba\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u6539\u9020\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u8bb8\u591a\u89c1\u89e3\u90fd\u88ab\u6536\u5165\u4ed6\u7684\u5e03\u9053\u6587\u548c\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u6284\u5199\u6574\u7406\u6210\u6587\u3002\u94b1\u5b81\u535a\u58eb\u75c5\u901d\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u5979\u4e0d\u8f9e\u52b3\u82e6\u6f5c\u5fc3\u7f16\u7e82\u5e76\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u94b1\u5b81\u6587\u96c6\u300b\uff0c\u8d62\u5f97\u6587\u5b66\u5708\u4e00\u7247\u8d5e\u8a89\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u94b1\u5b81\u535a\u58eb<\/p>\n

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\u970d\u52d2\u65af\u00b7\u66fc<\/p>\n

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\u548c\u739b\u4e3d<\/p>\n

\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u9eef\u7136\u79bb\u53bb\uff0c\u6000\u7740\u5bf9\u66fc\u5144\u957f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u7231\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66fc\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u79fb\u60c5\u522b\u604b\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5219\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u6709\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u5bc4\u6258\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u5148\u751f\u3002\u548c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u4e5f\u662f\u81ea\u5b66\u6210\u624d\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u8bfe\u5802\u6559\u5b66\u4e2d\u91c7\u7528\u82cf\u683c\u62c9\u5e95\u95ee\u7b54\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u601d\u8003\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u6700\u65e9\u8bfb\u5230\u7684\u4fbf\u662f\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u4e0e\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u8bfe\u5802\u8ba8\u8bba\u548c\u5b66\u751f\u65e5\u8bb0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u5979\u672c\u4eba\u65e9\u51e0\u5e74\u5728\u585e\u52d2\u59c6\u5973\u5b50\u5b66\u6821\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u505a\u5f97\u66f4\u4e3a\u51fa\u8272\u3002\u5728\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e74\u5c4a\u4e09\u5341\u7684\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u5148\u751f\u662f\u5bcc\u4e8e\u6fc0\u60c5\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u5bb6\uff0c\u6027\u683c\u521a\u6bc5\uff0c\u575a\u97e7\u4e0d\u62d4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5bcc\u4e8e\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u201c\u4ed6\u5c06\u6ce8\u5b9a\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u8005\u201d\uff0c\u5979\u5728\u5199\u7ed9\u739b\u4e3d\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u575a\u4fe1\u4ed6\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u201d\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5e2e\u52a9\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u5f00\u529e\u201c\u795e\u5e99\u201d\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u5979\u9996\u5148\u5411\u94b1\u5b81\u535a\u58eb\u6c42\u63f4\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u5229\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4eba\u8109\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u529d\u8bf4\u5f53\u5730\u5bcc\u5546\u8c6a\u95e8\u548c\u4e0a\u6d41\u77e5\u8bc6\u9636\u5c42\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c06\u5b50\u5973\u9001\u5230\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u5b66\u6821\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5979\u7684\u51fa\u8272\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u52301834\u5e749\u6708\u6709\u5341\u516b\u540d\u5b66\u751f\u62a5\u540d\u5165\u5b66\uff0c\u5230\u5b66\u6821\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f00\u5b66\u5df2\u6709\u4e09\u5341\u540d\u5b66\u751f\u2014\u2014\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4ece\u672a\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u5979\u548c\u739b\u4e3d\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u529e\u4e00\u6240\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u592b\u5987\u63d0\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u8d44\u8d28\u6559\u6388\u62c9\u4e01\ufe51\u7b97\u672f\ufe51\u5730\u7406\u7b49\u79d1\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u81ea\u544a\u594b\u52c7\u5730\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u4e24\u4e2a\u534a\u5c0f\u65f6\u6559\u6388\u4e0a\u8ff0\u51e0\u95e8\u79d1\u76ee\uff0c\u800c\u62a5\u916c\u5219\u7531\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u89c6\u5176\u7ecf\u6d4e\u72b6\u51b5\u800c\u5b9a\u3002\u540e\u6765\u5979\u53c8\u4e24\u6b21\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u7684\u62a5\u916c\u3002\u592b\u5987\u4e8c\u4eba\u559c\u51fa\u671b\u5916\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u5148\u751f\u65e5\u540e\u5766\u627f\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u4e0d\u4ec5\u62c5\u4efb\u4e86\u7e41\u91cd\u7684\u6388\u8bfe\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u80a9\u8d1f\u7740\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5979\u8fd8\u517c\u4efb\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u7684\u4e66\u8bb0\u5458\u3002\u53cc\u65b9\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u6210\u679c\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u65e5\u540e\u7ed9\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u5148\u751f\u5e26\u6765\u5de8\u5927\u58f0\u8a89\u7684\u300a\u6821\u5fd7\u300b\uff08The Record of a School\uff09\u3002\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u8fd1\u4e4e\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u773c\u5149\uff0c\u5fe0\u5b9e\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u5148\u751f\u4e0e\u5b66\u751f\u8bfe\u5802\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u7cbe\u5f69\u573a\u9762\uff0c\u5176\u8ba8\u8bba\u8bdd\u9898\u5219\u6d89\u53ca\u5b97\u6559\ufe51\u795e\u5b66\ufe51\u9053\u5fb7\ufe51\u54f2\u5b66\u7b49\u8bf8\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d85\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u548c\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u90fd\u575a\u4fe1\uff0c\u513f\u7ae5\u6bd4\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u5373\u771f\u7406\uff0c\u6216\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e4b\u9053\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u5524\u8d77\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6f5c\u80fd\uff0c\u90a3\u79cd\u5c06\u6210\u4eba\u6a21\u5f0f\u5f3a\u52a0\u4e8e\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u89c2\u5ff5\u548c\u65b9\u5f0f\u5fc5\u987b\u6452\u5f03\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u662f\u4e8c\u4eba\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u871c\u6708\u671f\u3002\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8046\u542c\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u7684\u8bfe\u5802\u95ee\u7b54\u5e76\u505a\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u8bfe\u540e\u4e5f\u6709\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5173\u4e8e\u6559\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u63a2\u8ba8\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u592b\u4eba\u5fd9\u4e8e\u5bb6\u52a1\u548c\u7167\u6599\u4e09\u4e2a\u5e7c\u5c0f\u7684\u5973\u513f\uff1b\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u4e0e\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u5219\u5728\u201c\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u591c\u665a\u201d\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee4\u4eba\u6109\u5feb\u7684\u548c\u8c10\u4ea4\u8c08\uff1a\u4ece\u88f4\u65af\u6cf0\u6d1b\u9f50\uff08Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi\uff0c1746-1827\uff09\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u8bba\u5230\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u548c\u5bbf\u547d\u8bba\u3002\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u5728\u5199\u7ed9\u66fc\uff08\u5979\u4e00\u76f4\u4e0e\u4e4b\u4fdd\u6301\u901a\u8baf\uff09\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u5728\u7ecf\u5386\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u548c\u4e00\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u6211\u5df2\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6211\u548c\u516d\u5468\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u6211\u5df2\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u201d\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u5728\u5979\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bfe\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u610f\u65e0\u610f\u5730\u6479\u4eff\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u98ce\u683c\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u611f\u6fc0\u548c\u56de\u62a5\uff0c\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u592b\u5987\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e3a\u65b0\u8fd1\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u5c0f\u5973\u513f\u53d6\u540d\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u00b7\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u00b7\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u3002\u800c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4e00\u5e74\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u53cc\u65b9\u610f\u89c1\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u592b\u5987\u4e8c\u4eba\u5c06\u5973\u513f\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u53d8\u4e3a\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u00b7\u897f\u74e6\u5c14\u00b7\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u548c\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u5728\u6559\u5b66\u7406\u5ff5\u65b9\u9762\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u5e76\u975e\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u963f\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u559c\u6b22\u91c7\u7528\u8bf1\u9a97\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\u201c\u5506\u4f7f\u201d\u5b66\u751f\u72af\u9519\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ee5\u9010\u51fa\u6559\u5ba4\u6216\u9762\u58c1\u601d\u8fc7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e88\u4ee5\u60e9\u6212\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7136\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fdd\u80cc\u4e86\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4ec1\u7231\u539f\u5219\u3002\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u7f16\u8457\u7684\u300a\u4e0e\u5b66\u751f\u8bba\u798f\u97f3\u4e66\u300b\uff08Conversations with Children on the Gospels\uff09\u4e66\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u4e66\u4e2d\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u4e0e\u5341\u6765\u5c81\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u8ba8\u8bba\u751f\u80b2\u907f\u5b55\u7b49\u5f53\u65f6\u793e\u4f1a\u7981\u5fcc\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e66\u7a3f\u7684\u7f16\u6821\u8005\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u575a\u6301\u5220\u9664\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u548c\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u5219\u65ad\u7136\u62d2\u7edd\u3002\u679c\u4e0d\u5176\u7136\uff0c\u4e66\u7c4d\u51fa\u7248\u540e\uff0c\u7acb\u523b\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u6559\u4f1a\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u4eba\u58eb\u548c\u552f\u4e00\u795e\u6559\u6d3e\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u53cd\u5bf9\u3002\u54c8\u4f5b\u540d\u6559\u6388\u5b89\u5fb7\u9c81\u00b7\u8bfa\u987f\uff08Andrew Norton\uff09\u751a\u81f3\u5ba3\u79f0\u8be5\u4e66\u201c\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u8352\u8bde\uff0c\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u4eb5\u6e0e\uff0c\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u6deb\u8361\u201d\u3002\u8feb\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d41\u4eba\u58eb\u7eb7\u7eb7\u5f00\u59cb\u64a4\u79bb\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b50\u5973\uff0c\u201c\u795e\u5e99\u201d\u5b66\u6821\u5f62\u52bf\u5c8c\u5c8c\u53ef\u5371\u3002<\/p>\n

\u800c\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u4e0e\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u592b\u4eba\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u77db\u76fe\u4e5f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u6df1\u3002\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u592b\u4eba\u662f\u5bb6\u5ead\u5987\u5973\uff0c\u8a00\u8bed\u7c97\u4fd7\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u77e5\u8bc6\u5973\u6027\u7684\u4f18\u96c5\u98ce\u5ea6\u548c\u4fee\u517b\u3002\u5979\u66fe\u7c97\u9c81\u5730\u6253\u65ad\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u4e0e\u53cb\u4eba\u7684\u8c08\u8bdd\uff0c\u4ee4\u5979\u5c34\u5c2c\u96be\u582a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6000\u7591\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u5728\u80cc\u540e\u53d1\u8868\u5bf9\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u5148\u751f\u4e0d\u5229\u7684\u8a00\u884c\uff0c\u5979\u53c8\u79c1\u81ea\u95ef\u5165\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u7684\u4f4f\u5904\uff0c\u641c\u67e5\u5e76\u79c1\u62c6\u5979\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fe1\u4ef6\u3002\u4e2a\u4eba\u9690\u79c1\u906d\u5230\u4fb5\u72af\uff0c\u800c\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u5148\u751f\u53c8\u4e00\u5473\u8892\u62a4\u59bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5bf9\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u6a2a\u52a0\u6307\u8d23\uff0c\u4f24\u5fc3\u7edd\u671b\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u51b3\u5b9a\u79bb\u5f00\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u548c\u201c\u795e\u5e99\u201d\u5b66\u6821\uff08\u5979\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u540e\u6765\u7531\u739b\u683c\u4e3d\u7279\u00b7\u5bcc\u52d2\u63a5\u66ff\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u65e0\u529b\u652f\u4ed8\u62a5\u916c\uff0c\u56db\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\uff0c\u5bcc\u52d2\u4e5f\u79bb\u5f00\u5b66\u6821\uff09\u3002\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u79bb\u5f00\u540e\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u53c8\u575a\u6301\u4e86\u8fd1\u4e00\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u53ea\u5269\u4e0b\u5c11\u6570\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u5730\u70b9\u4e5f\u642c\u5230\u4e86\u201c\u795e\u5e99\u201d\u7684\u5730\u4e0b\u5ba4\u3002\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u5165\u4e0d\u6577\u51fa\uff0c\u53ea\u597d\u9760\u53d8\u5356\u4ed6\u73cd\u85cf\u7684\u56fe\u4e66\u507f\u4ed8\u79df\u91d1\u3002\u800c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u518d\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5f00\u529e\u8fc7\u4efb\u4f55\u5b66\u6821\u3002\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u201c\u795e\u5e99\u201d\u5b66\u6821\u5012\u95ed\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u906d\u53d7\u56db\u9762\u56f4\u527f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u4ecd\u7136\u52c7\u6562\u4e3a\u4e4b\u8fa9\u62a4\uff0c\u634d\u536b\u201c\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279\u5148\u751f\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\u548c\u5b66\u6821\u201d\uff0c\u634d\u536b\u4ed6\u4eec\u5171\u540c\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5965\u5c14\u67ef\u7279<\/p>\n

3<\/p>\n

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\u51fa\u4e8e\u60dc\u624d\u548c\u7231\u7f8e\u4e4b\u5fc3\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u51b3\u610f\u5411\u4e16\u4eba\u5927\u529b\u63a8\u4ecb\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5929\u624d\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5979\u5728\u300a\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u5b63\u8bc4\u300b\uff08Boston Quarterly Review\uff09\u7b49\u62a5\u520a\u4e0a\u64b0\u6587\uff0c\u9f13\u5439\u970d\u6851\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u624d\u80fd\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u5411\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u7b49\u53cb\u4eba\u5f3a\u70c8\u63a8\u8350\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u7b49\u4eba\u51fa\u9762\u5411\u970d\u6851\u7ea6\u7a3f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5f53\u65f6\u6587\u5b66\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u513f\u7ae5\u6587\u5b66\u8bfb\u7269\u5927\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u5979\u5efa\u8bae\u970d\u6851\u8f6c\u5411\u7ae5\u4e66\u5199\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u59fb\u4eb2\u970d\u62c9\u65af\u00b7\u66fc\u62c5\u4efb\u9a6c\u8428\u8bf8\u585e\u5dde\u6559\u80b2\u79d8\u4e66\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u53c8\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u6b21\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5546\u8c08\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u8ba9\u970d\u6851\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u8fdb\u5165\u516c\u5171\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bfe\u5916\u8bfb\u7269\u6e05\u5355\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4ee4\u5979\u4e0d\u89e3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u8fd8\u662f\u66fc\uff0c\u5bf9\u970d\u6851\u7684\u5c0f\u8bf4\u6545\u4e8b\u90fd\u4e0d\u611f\u5192\u2014\u2014\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u751a\u81f3\u65ad\u8a00\u201c\u5176\u4e2d\u5e76\u65e0\u5185\u6db5\u201d\uff08no insider\uff09\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u5929\u624d\u7684\u5316\u8eab\u201d\u201c\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u8bd7\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8fc7\u4e8e\u51b7\u6de1\u4e0e\u82db\u523b\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e1d\u6beb\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u52a8\u6447\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u7684\u575a\u5b9a\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u970d\u6851\u5bf9\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u51b7\u9047\u4e5f\u4e88\u4ee5\u56de\u51fb\u2014\u2014\u636e\u8bf4\u300a\u62c9\u5e15\u5947\u5c3c\u7684\u5973\u513f\u300b\u4e2d\u53e4\u677f\u800c\u987d\u56fa\u7684\u533b\u751f\u5f62\u8c61\u5373\u4ee5\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u4e3a\u539f\u578b\u3002\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u77ed\u7bc7\u300a\u80ce\u8bb0\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5973\u4e3b\u4eba\u516c\u670d\u6bd2\u8eab\u4ea1\uff0c\u5219\u88ab\u6307\u5f71\u5c04\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u592b\u4eba\u8389\u8fea\u5b89\u4ece\u690d\u7269\u4e2d\u8403\u53d6\u6bd2\u7269\uff08\u7591\u5176\u6162\u6027\u81ea\u6740\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u7f13\u89e3\u970d\u6851\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u8ba9\u5929\u624d\u4f5c\u5bb6\u5f97\u4ee5\u4e13\u5fc3\u5199\u4f5c\u800c\u65e0\u540e\u987e\u4e4b\u5fe7\uff0c\u4e0e\u6234\u91d1\u514b\uff08Evert Duyckinck\uff09\u3001\u5e03\u91cc\u5947\uff08Horatio Bridge\uff09\u7b49\u53cb\u4eba\u4e00\u9053\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u8fd0\u7528\u4eba\u8109\uff0c\u591a\u65b9\u5954\u8d70\uff0c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u57281839\u5e74\u4e3a\u970d\u6851\u8c0b\u5f97\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u6d77\u5173\u53f8\u78c5\uff08Measurer\uff09\u4e00\u804c\uff0c\u5e74\u85aa1500\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u970d\u6851\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u8e0c\u8e87\u6ee1\u5fd7\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u5feb\u53d1\u73b0\u7e41\u6742\u7684\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e25\u91cd\u6270\u4e71\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u5199\u4f5c\u8ba1\u5212\u3002\u4ed6\u4e8e\u6b21\u5e74\u8f9e\u53bb\u6d77\u5173\u804c\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e\u6b21\u5e74\u5229\u7528\u624b\u5934\u79ef\u84c4\uff081000\u7f8e\u5143\uff09\u8d2d\u4e70\u80a1\u4efd\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u91cc\u666e\u5229\u7267\u5e08\uff08George Ripley\uff09\u521b\u529e\u7684\u201c\u5e03\u9c81\u514b\u519c\u5e84\u201d\u3002\u5728\u5199\u7ed9\u672a\u5a5a\u59bb\u7d22\u83f2\u4e9a\u00b7\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u751f\u4ea7\u52b3\u52a8\u548c\u6587\u5b66\u521b\u4f5c\u76f8\u878d\u5408\u7684\u7f8e\u5999\u61a7\u61ac\u3002\u4f46\u597d\u666f\u4e0d\u957f\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u767d\u5929\u7e41\u91cd\u7684\u4f53\u529b\u52b3\u52a8\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u665a\u4e0a\u6839\u672c\u65e0\u6687\u4ece\u4e8b\u6587\u5b66\u60f3\u8c61\u548c\u5199\u4f5c\u3002\u534a\u5e74\u591a\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u970d\u6851\u4e0d\u8f9e\u800c\u522b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eba\u751f\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5546\u4e1a\u6295\u673a\u4e5f\u7531\u6b64\u544a\u7ec8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76ee\u7779\u970d\u6851\u751f\u6d3b\u7a98\u8feb\uff0c\u4e14\u5728\u6587\u5b66\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u8425\u60e8\u6de1\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u8d39\u5370\u5237\u970d\u6851\u7684\u77ed\u7bc7\u6545\u4e8b\u548c\u7ae5\u4e66\u2014\u2014\u5982\u300a\u751f\u5e73\u6545\u4e8b\u300b\u548c\u300a\u7956\u7236\u7684\u6905\u5b50\u300b\u7cfb\u5217\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f5c\u5bb6\u6446\u8131\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u4f46\u6536\u6548\u751a\u5fae\u3002\u5728\u8d85\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5589\u820c\u300a\u65e5\u6677\u300b\u6742\u5fd7\u5012\u95ed\u540e\uff0c\u96c4\u5fc3\u52c3\u52c3\u7684\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u53c8\u72ec\u529b\u4e3b\u7f16\u53d1\u884c\u300a\u7f8e\u5b66\u8bba\u4e1b\u300b\uff08Aesthetic Papers\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u529b\u9080\u970d\u6851\u6295\u7a3f\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u970d\u6851\uff0c\u5e94\u9080\u4e3a\u300a\u7f8e\u5b66\u8bba\u4e1b\u300b\u64b0\u7a3f\u7684\u8fd8\u6709\u7231\u9ed8\u751f\u3001\u68ad\u7f57\u4ee5\u53ca\u5965\u5c14\u79d1\u7279\u7b49\u4eba\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u5728\u7a3f\u4ef6\u8d28\u91cf\u65b9\u9762\u7cbe\u76ca\u6c42\u7cbe\uff0c\u4e25\u683c\u628a\u5173\uff0c\u4f46\u300a\u7f8e\u5b66\u8bba\u4e1b\u300b\u2014\u2014\u6b63\u5982\u5176\u4ed6\u540c\u4eba\u520a\u7269\u4e00\u6837\u2014\u2014\u5e76\u672a\u83b7\u5f97\u5e02\u573a\u8ba4\u540c\uff0c\u4ec5\u51fa\u7248\u4e00\u671f\u4fbf\u65e0\u75be\u800c\u7ec8\u3002\u300a\u7f8e\u5b66\u8bba\u4e1b\u300b\u5f97\u4ee5\u7559\u540d\u9752\u53f2\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u7531\u4e8e\u970d\u6851\u8eab\u540e\u7684\u6587\u540d\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u7531\u4e8e\u672c\u671f\u520a\u8f7d\u4e86\u68ad\u7f57\u540d\u7bc7\u300a\u8bba\u516c\u6c11\u4e0d\u670d\u4ece\u300b\u2014\u2014\u539f\u6587\u662f1847\u5e74\u68ad\u7f57\u5e94\u970d\u6851\uff08\u65f6\u4efb\u585e\u52d2\u59c6\u201c\u5b66\u56ed\u201d\u79d8\u4e66\uff09\u4e4b\u9080\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u6f14\u8bb2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f5c\u5bb6\u970d\u6851\u7684\u59fb\u4eb2\u548c\u9996\u4f4d\u51fa\u7248\u5546\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u4e3a\u970d\u6851\u7684\u624d\u534e\u6240\u6298\u670d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e3a\u4ed6\u63d0\u4f9b\u53d1\u8868\u56ed\u5730\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5bf9\u4ed6\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u6d3b\u7167\u987e\u6709\u52a0\uff0c\u6b64\u540e\u66f4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u8c0b\u53d6\u5dee\u4e8b\u800c\u56db\u5904\u5954\u6ce2\uff0c\u5bf9\u6b64\u970d\u6851\u81ea\u7136\u5fc3\u77e5\u809a\u660e\u2014\u2014\u4e8c\u4eba\u7684\u53cb\u8c0a\u4e5f\u7ef4\u7cfb\u7ec8\u8eab\u30021863\u5e74\uff0c\u970d\u6851\u6563\u6587\u96c6\u300a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8001\u5bb6\u300b\u9898\u8bcd\u656c\u732e\u524d\u603b\u7edf\u76ae\u5c14\u65af\uff08Franklin Pierce\uff09\uff0c\u906d\u5230\u4eb2\u53cb\u4e00\u81f4\u53cd\u5bf9\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5546\u8bae\u7531\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u51fa\u9762\u52a0\u4ee5\u529d\u963b\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u672a\u80fd\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\u4e8c\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u975e\u540c\u4e00\u822c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u970d\u6851\u88ab\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u6d77\u5173\u89e3\u804c\u540e\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u4f5c\u5bb6\u6f5c\u5fc3\u521b\u4f5c\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u53c8\u901a\u8fc7\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\ufe51\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u73ed\u514b\u7f57\u592b\u7279\uff08George Bancroft\uff09\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u970d\u6851\u8c0b\u5f97\u585e\u52d2\u59c6\u6d77\u5173\u7a0e\u52a1\u7763\u5bdf\uff08\u5e74\u85aa1100\u7f8e\u5143\uff09\u7684\u5dee\u4e8b\u3002\u5979\u548c\u5e74\u8f7b\u4f5c\u5bb6\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u4eba\u6027\u548c\u6587\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e00\u540c\u643a\u624b\u6563\u6b65\u6216\u51fa\u5e2d\u5f53\u5730\u4e0a\u6d41\u9636\u5c42\u4e3e\u529e\u7684\u6587\u827a\u6c99\u9f99\u548c\u5404\u79cd\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u3002\u5979\u7684\u5c0f\u59b9\u7d22\u83f2\u5a05\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u53c2\u52a0\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8c08\u8bdd\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u591a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5979\u5b81\u613f\u5446\u5728\u697c\u4e0a\u7684\u753b\u5ba4\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u5979\u7684\u827a\u672f\u521b\u4f5c\u3002\u7d22\u83f2\u5a05\u81ea\u5e7c\u4f53\u5f31\u591a\u75c5\uff0c\u5979\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u6253\u5b9a\u4e3b\u610f\u72ec\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u6f02\u4eae\u7684\u970d\u6851\u7684\u5230\u6765\u5219\u5f7b\u5e95\u52a8\u6447\u4e86\u5979\u7684\u51b3\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u7d22\u83f2\u5a05\uff08\u5de6\uff09\u548c\u970d\u6851\uff08\u53f3\uff09<\/p>\n

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4<\/p>\n

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1850\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u201c\u663e\u7136\u5929\u547d\u201d\uff08manifest destiny\uff09\u5b66\u8bf4\u65e5\u76ca\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u9886\u571f\u6269\u5f20\u53d6\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u6539\u8fdb\u6210\u4e3a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u4e3b\u65cb\u5f8b\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a1860\u5e74\u4ee3\u5e9f\u5974\u8fd0\u52a8\u65e5\u76ca\u9ad8\u6da8\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f8e\u56fd\u5185\u6218\uff0c\u8d85\u9a8c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u601d\u60f3\u6587\u5316\u8fd0\u52a8\u5df2\u65e5\u6e10\u8870\u5fae\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u540e\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u65e9\u5e74\u611f\u60c5\u751f\u6d3b\u53d7\u632b\u4e4b\u540e\uff09\uff0c\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0\u5c06\u5168\u90e8\u8eab\u5fc3\u6295\u8eab\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e7c\u513f\u6559\u80b2\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff08\u5979\u7ec8\u8eab\u672a\u5ac1\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5979\u53d1\u8d77\u5e76\u521b\u7acb\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u9996\u5ea7\u516c\u7acb\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\uff0c\u5e76\u5f88\u5feb\u63a8\u5e7f\u81f3\u4e8e\u5168\u7f8e\u3002\u9274\u4e8e\u5979\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u4e8b\u4e1a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u6770\u51fa\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u665a\u5e74\u5979\u88ab\u5c0a\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u7684\u7956\u6bcd\u201d\u2014\u2014\u904d\u5e03\u5404\u5730\u7684\u201c\u4f0a\u4e3d\u838e\u767d\u00b7\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u4e4b\u5bb6\u201d\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9\u5979\u6700\u597d\u7684\u7eaa\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u665a\u5e74\u7684\u76ae\u535a\u8fea\u5c0f\u59d0<\/p>\n

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