{"id":72662,"date":"2026-06-28T15:35:31","date_gmt":"2026-06-28T07:35:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=72662"},"modified":"2026-06-28T15:35:42","modified_gmt":"2026-06-28T07:35:42","slug":"%e5%a4%8d%e5%88%b6%e4%b8%8e%e5%85%b1%e8%af%86%ef%bc%9a%e5%8d%b0%e5%ba%a6%e7%9a%84%e8%b4%b1%e6%b0%91%e3%80%81%e7%a7%8d%e5%a7%93%e5%92%8c%e6%84%8f%e8%af%86%e5%bd%a2%e6%80%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=72662","title":{"rendered":"\u590d\u5236\u4e0e\u5171\u8bc6: \u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u8d31\u6c11\u3001\u79cd\u59d3\u548c\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f5c\u8005: \u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u5fb7\u5217\u65e5\uff08Robert Deliege\uff0c\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\u9c81\u6c76\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5927\u5b66\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u7cfb\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u8bd1\u8005: \u9648\u8363\u94a2<\/p>\n<p>\u5f15\u7528\uff1aDeliege, R. (1992). Replication and Consensus: Untouchability, Caste and Ideology in India. Man, 27(1), new series, 155-173.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/1782631722757GarsT8.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1\/7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3\/2026-06-28T07:28:43Z\/86400\/host\/1f4985d4902a89cb7e4b0e6e22cdf5d50fc156fb90f9715fea31ab5646b6f875\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u00b7\u83ab\u6cd5\u7279\uff08Michael Moffatt\uff09\u5728\u300a\u5357\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u8d31\u6c11\u793e\u7fa4\u300b\uff08An Untouchable Community of South India\uff09\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u8d31\u6c11\u5bf9\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u6587\u5316\u4fdd\u6709\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u8d31\u6c11\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u4e4b\u4e2d\u590d\u5236\u4e86\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6b63\u662f\u4f7f\u9ad8\u79cd\u59d3\u6392\u65a5\u8d31\u6c11\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u4ed4\u7ec6\u7814\u7a76\u83ab\u6cd5\u7279\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u201c\u590d\u5236\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5171\u8bc6\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4e8c\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u5fc5\u7136\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u201c\u8d31\u6c11\u201d\u63f4\u5f15\u79cd\u59d3\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u4ed6\u4eec\u79cd\u59d3\u7684\u52a3\u7b49\u6027\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5236\u5ea6\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u4e5f\u6709\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u201c\u8d31\u6c11\u201d\uff08outcastes\uff09\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fc7\u65f6\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u8868\u8fbe\u4e86\u8d31\u6c11\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5373\u201c\u8d31\u6c11\u201d\uff08\u73b0\u5728\u4e5f\u53ebHarijans\uff09\u65e2\u5728\u8fd9\u5957\u5236\u5ea6\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c8\u8131\u79bb\u8fd9\u5957\u5236\u5ea6\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5341\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u83ab\u6cd5\u7279\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u5370\u5ea6\u79cd\u59d3\u5236\u5ea6\u4e2d\u8d31\u6c11\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u6709\u529b\u5206\u6790\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u88ab\u666e\u904d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u8d31\u6c11\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u83ab\u6cd5\u7279\u5bf9\u8d31\u6c11\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u76f8\u5f53\u7247\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u81f3\u5c11\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba9\u5e7f\u5927\u8d31\u6c11\u6ee1\u610f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u6cf0\u7c73\u5c14\u7eb3\u5fb7\u90a6\uff0c\u83ab\u6cd5\u7279\u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u8d31\u6c11\u79cd\u59d3\u5e15\u83b1\u96c5\u5c14\uff08Paraiyar\uff0c1981-1982\uff09\u548c\u5e15\u62c9\u5c14\uff08Pallar\uff0c1989\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7530\u91ce\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u6211\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5e94\u8be5\u91cd\u65b0\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff08\u5012\u4e0d\u662f\u62d2\u7edd\uff09\u83ab\u6cd5\u7279\u7684\u8bba\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u672c\u6587\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u867d\u7136\u83ab\u6cd5\u7279\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u57fa\u4e8e\u6cf0\u7c73\u5c14\u7eb3\u5fb7\u90a6\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u4ed6\u79f0\u4f5c\u6069\u8fbe\u4e4c\uff08Endavur\uff09\u7684\u6751\u5e84\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u5370\u5ea6\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u8d31\u6c11\u5730\u4f4d\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u5957\u66f4\u666e\u904d\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img 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J. A. 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Chamar\uff09\u88ab\u73c8\u739b\u4eba\u7684\u6e05\u626b\u5de5\u78b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u9010\u51fa\u51fa\u53bb\u3002\u591a\u59c6\u79cd\u59d3\uff08Doms\uff09\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u88ab\u5206\u4e3a\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c42\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5b89\u5f97\u62c9\u90a6\uff0c\u9ea6\u5e95\u52a0\u79cd\u59d3\uff08Madigas\uff09\u88ab\u5206\u4e3a\u516d\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7fa4\u4f53\u5728\u793e\u7fa4\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u804c\u80fd\u3002\u636e\u4f20\u8bf4\uff0c\u52aa\u5c14\u5361\u00b7\u6851\u8fbe\u96c5\u4eba\uff08Nulka 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pollution\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u5e76\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u3002\u8d31\u6c11\u79cd\u59d3\u793e\u7fa4\u4e4b\u95f4\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u201c\u590d\u5236\u201d\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5171\u540c\u793e\u7fa4\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f88\u5c11\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7684\u8bdd\uff09\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u5212\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u80af\u5b9a\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d31\u6c11\u79cd\u59d3\u50cf\u6751\u5b50\u91cc\u7684\u9ad8\u79cd\u59d3\u90a3\u6837\u5784\u65ad\u7740\u751f\u4ea7\u8d44\u6599\u3002\u6211\u5728\u540e\u9762\u5c06\u8bba\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u8fd9\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u8d31\u6c11\u793e\u7fa4\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u8d31\u6c11\u4ece\u672a\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u4e0d\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u52b3\u52a8\u8005\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8d31\u6c11\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5dee\u5f02\u5f88\u5c0f\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u8d31\u6c11\u79cd\u59d3\u4e4b\u95f4\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u662f\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7b49\u7ea7\u5212\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8d31\u6c11\u79cd\u59d3\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u74e6\u5c14\u5409\u62c9\u00b7\u9a6c\u5c3c\u5361\u59c6\u6751\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u793e\u7fa4\u533a\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5973\u795e\u5e99\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u4e2a\u9a6c\u91cc\u5b89\u66fc\u5973\u795e\u5e99\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u795e\u6bbf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u7b49\u7ea7\u5236\u5ea6\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6574\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6392\u5e8f\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u8d31\u6c11\u79cd\u59d3\u4e2d\u5c31\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u7b49\u7ea7\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8868\u5217\u79cd\u59d3\uff08Scheduled Castes\uff09\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5bf9\u54e5\u5370\u62dc\u9640\uff08Coimbatore\uff09\u5730\u533a\u8d31\u6c11\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u5965\u767b\uff08Den 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