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\u6709\u9274\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u51fa\u4e8e\u8d8b\u5229\u907f\u5bb3\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5728\u5f03\u7528\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u88c1\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u91c7\u53d6\u67d0\u79cd\u8865\u6551\u6027\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e0e\u5357\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u5b9a\u8ddd\u79bb\u5e76\u8868\u660e\u82f1\u56fd\u5bf9\u79cd\u65cf\u9694\u79bb\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u4e00\u662f\u5728\u975e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9886\u57df\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u5b9e\u65bd\u5236\u88c1\uff1a\u82f1\u56fd\u5de5\u515a\u653f\u5e9c\u66fe\u4e8e1964\u5e74\u548c1974\u5e74\u4e24\u6b21\u5ba3\u5e03\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u5b9e\u65bd\u6b66\u5668\u7981\u8fd0\uff1b1977\u5e746\u6708\u82f1\u56fd\u53c8\u901a\u8fc7\u300a\u683c\u4f26\u4f0a\u683c\u5c14\u65af\u534f\u5b9a\u300b(Gleneagles Agreement)\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u7684\u4f53\u80b2\u5236\u88c1\u3002\u4e8c\u662f\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u6539\u5584\u90e8\u5206\u5357\u975e\u9ed1\u4eba\u5f85\u9047\u4e0e\u5904\u5883\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63aa\u65bd\uff1a1974\u5e74\u82f1\u653f\u5e9c\u9881\u5e03\u81ea\u613f\u300a\u5b9e\u8df5\u5b88\u5219\u300b(Code of Practice)\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u8bf4\u670d\u5728\u5357\u82f1\u56fd\u516c\u53f8\u6539\u5584\u9ed1\u4eba\u5de5\u8d44\u548c\u6076\u52a3\u5de5\u4f5c\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6b64\u95f4\u63a5\u5411\u5357\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u65bd\u538b\u30021977\u5e749\u6708\u51fa\u4e8e\u8f6c\u79fb\u9ed1\u975e\u6d32\u56fd\u5bb6\u6279\u8bc4\u6b27\u5171\u4f53\u5728\u53cd\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u79cd\u65cf\u9694\u79bb\u65b9\u9762\u4e0d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7684\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u63a8\u52a8\u6b27\u5171\u4f53\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u9488\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u7684\u300a\u884c\u4e3a\u5b88\u5219\u300b(Code of Conduct)\u3002\u300a\u884c\u4e3a\u5b88\u5219\u300b\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u5357\u975e\u7684\u6b27\u5171\u4f53\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u6539\u5584\u5176\u6240\u96c7\u4f63\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u9ed1\u4eba\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u8bd5\u56fe\u501f\u6b64\u5411\u5357\u975e\u5f53\u5c40\u8868\u660e\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u5728\u6811\u7acb\u81ea\u8eab\u9ed1\u4eba\u201c\u540c\u60c5\u8005\u201d\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u60f3\u4ee5\u201c\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u201d\u63a8\u52a8\u5357\u975e\u8fdb\u884c\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u91c7\u53d6\u4e0a\u8ff0\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\u81f320\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u5404\u5c4a\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u52c9\u5f3a\u7ef4\u6301\u7740\u5176\u5728\u5357\u975e\u79cd\u65cf\u9694\u79bb\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u5229\u76ca\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n

\u52301979\u5e74\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u4e0a\u53f0\u65f6\uff0c\u9274\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u5728\u5357\u975e\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u5e76\u672a\u53d1\u751f\u6839\u672c\u6027\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u653f\u5e9c\u53c8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5c06\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u76ee\u6807\u660e\u786e\u4e3a\u7ef4\u62a4\u82f1\u56fd\u5728\u5357\u975e\u7684\u8d38\u6613\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u5c3d\u5176\u6240\u80fd\u63a8\u52a8\u5357\u975e\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u53d8\u9769\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1b\u907f\u514d\u5728\u635f\u5bb3\u82f1\u56fd\u5728\u5357\u975e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5229\u76ca\u4e0e\u6253\u51fb\u82f1\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u4e4b\u95f4\u505a\u51fa\u53d6\u820d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u65e2\u5305\u62ec\u82f1\u56fd\u5728\u5357\u975e\u7684\u77ed\u671f\u3001\u957f\u671f\u653f\u7b56\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u53c8\u6db5\u76d6\u82f1\u56fd\u5728\u5357\u975e\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5229\u76ca\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u800c\u7ef4\u62a4\u82f1\u56fd\u5728\u5357\u975e\u7684\u65e2\u5f97\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u73b0\u72b6\uff0c\u56de\u907f\u3001\u6297\u62d2\u6fc0\u8fdb\u653f\u6cbb\u53d8\u9769\u65e0\u7591\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u653f\u7b56\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u53d6\u5411\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u5bf9\u5f85\u5357\u975e\u79cd\u65cf\u9694\u79bb\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u9f13\u5439\u201c\u63a5\u89e6\u548c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u201d\uff0c\u53cd\u5bf9\u4f7f\u7528\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u88c1\u6216\u66b4\u529b\u624b\u6bb5\u63a8\u7ffb\u5357\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\uff0c\u5e76\u9f13\u52b1\u5357\u975e\u4e1a\u5df2\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u6539\u9769\u76f4\u81f3\u6700\u7ec8\u4fc3\u5176\u5e9f\u9664\u79cd\u65cf\u9694\u79bb\u5236\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u8fbe\u6210\u4e0a\u8ff0\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u65e9\u5728\u5c31\u4efb\u9996\u76f8\u521d\u671f\u7684\u8bae\u4f1a\u6f14\u8bb2\u4e2d\uff0c\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u4fbf\u4e3a\u5176\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5357\u975e\u653f\u7b56\u5b9a\u4e0b\u4e86\u57fa\u8c03\u3002\u5979\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u79cd\u65cf\u9694\u79bb\u5236\u5ea6\u201c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u201d\uff0c\u5766\u627f\u201c\u53d8\u9769\u5fc5\u987b\u5230\u6765\u201d\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u53d8\u9769\u7b26\u5408\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u9f13\u52b1\u63a5\u89e6\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6392\u65a5\u2026\u2026\u6211\u4eec\u51b3\u4e0d\u80fd\u8feb\u4f7f\u5357\u975e\u4eba\u80cc\u5f03\u4e16\u754c\u201d\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u867d\u4ece\u4e0a\u53f0\u4f0a\u59cb\u4fbf\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u538c\u6076\u3001\u5f03\u7edd\u79cd\u65cf\u9694\u79bb\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u8be5\u76ee\u6807\u65f6\uff0c\u5979\u65e2\u53cd\u5bf9\u901a\u8fc7\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u88c1\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8d5e\u6210\u4f7f\u7528\u66b4\u529b\u624b\u6bb5\u8fc5\u901f\u6539\u53d8\u5357\u975e\u73b0\u72b6\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u5979\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e9f\u9664\u79cd\u65cf\u9694\u79bb\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u65b9\u5f0f\u83ab\u8fc7\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5357\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u4fdd\u6301\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u5176\u201c\u5236\u5b9a\u66f4\u52a0\u5f00\u660e\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u201d\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u5faa\u5e8f\u6e10\u8fdb\u7684\u6539\u9769\u2014\u2014\u4ee5\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b\u3001\u6709\u4fdd\u969c\u7684\u4eba\u6743\u548c\u7e41\u8363\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u7ecf\u6d4e\u521b\u9020\u8d22\u5bcc\u6765\u6539\u5584\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\u201d\u3002\u5979\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5236\u88c1\u53ea\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5357\u975e\u7edf\u6cbb\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u201c\u56f4\u56f0\u5fc3\u7406\u201d\uff0c\u201c\u9020\u6210\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u72b6\u6001\u5e76\u4f7f\u5357\u975e\u9ed1\u4eba\u9677\u4e8e\u66f4\u6df1\u7684\u75db\u82e6\u4e4b\u4e2d\u201d\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u6539\u9769\u7684\u969c\u788d\u201d\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u57fa\u4e8e\u5176\u5bf9\u7ef4\u62a4\u82f1\u56fd\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u548c\u884c\u4e8b\u504f\u597d\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u6e10\u8fdb\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u5357\u975e\u5efa\u7acb\u4ee3\u8bae\u5236\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u5e9c\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5f53\u5730\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u9694\u79bb\u96be\u9898\u3002\u800c20\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u524d\u671f\u5357\u975e\u653f\u5c40\u7684\u201c\u76f8\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\u201d\u4e0e\u535a\u5854(Pieter Willem Botha)\u653f\u5e9c\u8feb\u4e8e\u5185\u5916\u538b\u529b\u800c\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u8c61\u5f81\u6027\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u653f\u5e9c\u575a\u6301\u201c\u63a5\u89e6\u548c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u201d\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u73b0\u5b9e\u4f9d\u636e\u30021984\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u8fd8\u7279\u610f\u9080\u8bf7\u5357\u975e\u603b\u7edf\u535a\u5854\u5230\u4f26\u6566\u4e0e\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u4f1a\u9762\uff0c\u8fd9\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8d2f\u5f7b\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u201c\u63a5\u89e6\u548c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u201d\u653f\u7b56\u5f88\u5feb\u4fbf\u56e0\u5357\u975e\u5c40\u52bf\u6076\u5316\u800c\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\u30021984\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u5357\u975e\u7ea6\u7ff0\u5185\u65af\u5821\u5357\u90e8\u74e6\u5c14\u4e09\u89d2\u533a(Vaal Triangle)\u9ed1\u4eba\u57ce\u9547\u7206\u53d1\u51b2\u7a81\u5e76\u8fc5\u901f\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u535a\u5854\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u91ce\u86ee\u9547\u538b\u884c\u5f84\u6fc0\u8d77\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u6124\u6168\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u82f1\u56fd\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5168\u7403\u8206\u8bba\u8981\u6c42\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5236\u88c1\u5357\u975e\u7684\u547c\u58f0\u7a7a\u524d\u9ad8\u6da8\u3002\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6297\u8bae\u6d6a\u6f6e\u4f7f\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u76f4\u9762\u5357\u975e\u96be\u9898\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8bbe\u6cd5\u8ba9\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u56de\u5e94\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5e73\u8861\u5176\u5728\u5357\u975e\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u5229\u76ca\u4e0e\u5728\u5357\u975e\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u5185\u5916\u73af\u5883\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u91cd\u5927\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4e5f\u5927\u5927\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u653f\u5e9c\u5e94\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u6311\u6218\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6240\u4e00\u8d2f\u575a\u6301\u7684\u7ef4\u6301\u73b0\u72b6\u505a\u6cd5\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5931\u53bb\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u81ea\u8eab\u5229\u76ca\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u66fe\u957f\u671f\u4e0e\u82f1\u56fd\u4e00\u9053\u91c7\u53d6\u652f\u6301\u5357\u975e\u767d\u4eba\u5f53\u5c40\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4e0d\u613f\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u5b9e\u65bd\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u88c1\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u5357\u975e\u5c40\u52bf\u6301\u7eed\u6076\u5316\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u538b\u529b\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u51fa\u73b0\u67d0\u4e9b\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u91c7\u53d6\u5f3a\u786c\u6001\u5ea6\u7684\u201c\u5f81\u5146\u201d\uff1a1984\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u91cc\u6839\u5728\u65b0\u95fb\u53d1\u5e03\u4f1a\u4e2d\u516c\u5f00\u8c34\u8d23\u79cd\u65cf\u9694\u79bb\u5236\u5ea6\u201c\u4ee4\u4eba\u6781\u5ea6\u53cd\u611f\u201d\uff1b\u56db\u5468\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u4f1a\u89c1\u4e86\u5357\u975e\u8457\u540d\u53cd\u79cd\u65cf\u9694\u79bb\u4eba\u58eb\u56fe\u56fe(Desmond Tutu)\u5927\u4e3b\u6559\uff1b\u540c\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8fd8\u5728\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7981\u6b62\u8fdb\u53e3\u5357\u975e\u519b\u706b\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\u4e0a\u6295\u4e86\u8d5e\u6210\u7968\uff1b1985\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d44\u6df1\u53c2\u8bae\u5458\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u00b7\u80af\u5c3c\u8fea(Edward Kennedy)\u8bbf\u95ee\u5357\u975e\uff0c\u5e76\u9ad8\u8c03\u4f1a\u89c1\u4e86\u5305\u62ec\u66fc\u5fb7\u62c9\u592b\u4eba\u5728\u5185\u7684\u53cd\u79cd\u65cf\u9694\u79bb\u4eba\u58eb\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8ff9\u8c61\u65e0\u4e0d\u9884\u793a\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5c06\u8c03\u6574\u5176\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u800c\u4e00\u76f4\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u8f83\u4e3a\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u81ea\u7136\u5bf9\u6b64\u8f83\u4e3a\u62c5\u5fe7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u5357\u975e\u653f\u7b56\u4e0a\u6240\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u538b\u529b\u8f83\u4ee5\u5f80\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u5f3a\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u82f1\u56fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u62c5\u5fc3\u81ea\u8eab\u4f1a\u56e0\u5357\u975e\u95ee\u9898\u800c\u5728\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u5b64\u5bb6\u5be1\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u6b21\u5b83\u5374\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u9762\u5bf9\u6765\u81ea\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u548c\u6b27\u5171\u4f53\u7684\u538b\u529b\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\u5c31\u4ece\u672a\u505c\u6b62\u8981\u6c42\u5236\u88c1\u5357\u975e\u30021985\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u79d8\u4e66\u957f\u5170\u6cd5\u5c14(Shridath Ramphal)\u53c8\u516c\u5f00\u6566\u4fc3\u5305\u62ec\u82f1\u56fd\u5728\u5185\u7684\u5404\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u5b9e\u65bd\u5236\u88c1\u3002\u66f4\u8ba9\u82f1\u56fd\u611f\u5230\u4e0d\u5b89\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u968f\u77401984\u5e744\u670818\u65e5\u6b27\u6d32\u8bae\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u5b9e\u65bd\u6709\u9650\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u88c1\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u7684\u7ef4\u6301\u73b0\u72b6\u653f\u7b56\u5728\u6b27\u5171\u4f53\u5185\u4e5f\u906d\u9047\u66f4\u591a\u6279\u8bc4\u3002\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e8b\u6001\u5df2\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5357\u975e\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e8c\u6218\u540e\u82f1\u56fd\u8d56\u4ee5\u652f\u6491\u5176\u5927\u56fd\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u201c\u4e09\u73af\u201d(\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u4e0e\u6b27\u6d32)\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u660e\u663e\u4e0e\u5b83\u62c9\u5f00\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5f84\u76f4\u53cd\u5bf9\u5b83\u3002\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u653f\u5e9c\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u524d\u6240\u672a\u6709\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u538b\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u201c\u63a5\u89e6\u548c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u201d\u653f\u7b56\u5728\u5357\u975e\u5c40\u52bf\u6076\u5316\u4e4b\u524d\u66fe\u6709\u6548\u5b9e\u73b0\u82f1\u56fd\u5728\u5357\u975e\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u636e\u6b64\u5b83\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\u2014\u2014\u8be5\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u201c\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\u201d\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u65e0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u67d0\u4e9b\u4fee\u6539\u4e0e\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u4fbf\u5c06\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u6539\u5584\u5185\u5916\u73af\u5883\u3001\u51cf\u8f7b\u5236\u88c1\u538b\u529b\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u8981\u63d0\u9ad8\u201c\u63a5\u89e6\u548c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u201d\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u770b\u5230\u82f1\u56fd\u4e0e\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u5176\u4ed6\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u5728\u5236\u88c1\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e25\u91cd\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u8fd8\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u5e94\u7aed\u5c3d\u6240\u80fd\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u81ea\u8eab\u5728\u5373\u5c06\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u62ff\u9a9a\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u9677\u5165\u5b64\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9274\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u8ba4\u5b9a\u5357\u975e\u5c40\u52bf\u6076\u5316\u662f\u4f7f\u81ea\u8eab\u9677\u5165\u56f0\u5883\u7684\u7f6a\u9b41\u7978\u9996\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u9042\u5c06\u63d0\u9ad8\u201c\u63a5\u89e6\u548c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u201d\u653f\u7b56\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u7f6e\u4e8e\u5357\u975e\u56fd\u5185\u8bae\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u63a8\u52a8\u5357\u975e\u5f53\u5c40\u7ee7\u7eed\u6539\u9769\u5185\u653f\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u5357\u90e8\u975e\u6d32\u53f8\u53f8\u957f\u5b89\u4e1c\u5c3c\u00b7\u91cc\u592b(Anthony Reeve)\u6240\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u8ba9\u5357\u975e\u201c\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u79cd\u5bf9\u5185\u6539\u9769\u653f\u7b56\u201d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u201c\u82f1\u56fd\u8bae\u4f1a\u548c\u516c\u4f17\u8206\u8bba\u9762\u524d\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u201c\u5728\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u3001\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u548c\u6574\u4e2a\u975e\u6d32\u8206\u8bba\u9762\u524d\u663e\u5f97\u53ef\u4fe1\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u9762\u5bf9\u7684\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u5373\u5357\u975e\u95ee\u9898\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u82f1\u56fd\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u201c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u201c\u5357\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u505a\u51fa\u8fc5\u901f\u6216\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u7684\u8ba9\u6b65\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u63d0\u51fa\u4e09\u6761\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u653f\u6cbb\u65bd\u538b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u5357\u975e\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u4e00\u4e9b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u3001\u5bb9\u6613\u5b9e\u73b0\u53d8\u9769\u7684\u201c\u5173\u952e\u9886\u57df\u201d\u53d6\u5f97\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5448\u73b0\u201c\u63a5\u89e6\u4e0e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u201d\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u6982\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5373\u91c7\u53d6\u201c\u53c8\u6253\u53c8\u62c9\u201d\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u4e3b\u5f20\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u4e8b\u4ef6\u660e\u786e\u8868\u660e\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u5c06\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u4eba\u6743\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u79cd\u65cf\u9694\u79bb\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7b49\u4f5c\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u65bd\u538b\u76ee\u6807\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u975e\u56fd\u5927\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5357\u975e\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u5408\u6cd5\u4ee3\u8868\u201d\u548c\u201c\u4e00\u652f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u529b\u91cf\u201d\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u5efa\u8bae\u8c03\u6574\u5bf9\u975e\u6d32\u4eba\u56fd\u6c11\u5927\u4f1a(The African National Congress\uff0c ANC\uff0c\u540e\u6587\u7b80\u79f0\u201c\u975e\u56fd\u5927\u201d)\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u653f\u7b56\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u4f4e\u7ea7\u522b\u3001\u4e34\u65f6\u6027\u7684\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u5230\u4e0e\u5305\u62ec\u975e\u56fd\u5927\u4e3b\u5e2d\u5965\u5229\u5f17\u00b7\u5766\u535a(Oliver Tambo)\u5728\u5185\u7684\u975e\u56fd\u5927\u9ad8\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u975e\u90e8\u957f\u7ea7\u63a5\u89e6(\u4f46\u4f1a\u9762\u5730\u70b9\u4ecd\u5728\u7b2c\u4e09\u56fd\u800c\u975e\u82f1\u56fd)\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u6566\u4fc3\u540e\u8005\u201c\u8fdc\u79bb\u66b4\u529b\u201d\u5e76\u53c2\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3a\u589e\u5f3a\u65bd\u538b\u6548\u679c\u548c\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u66f4\u5177\u6279\u8bc4\u6027\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u7acb\u573a\u201d\u7ed9\u53cc\u65b9\u5173\u7cfb\u5e26\u6765\u201c\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u201d\uff0c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u8fd8\u529b\u4e3b\u5728\u65bd\u538b\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0a\u91c7\u53d6\u201c\u80e1\u841d\u535c\u52a0\u5927\u68d2\u201d\u7b56\u7565\u2014\u2014\u5728\u516c\u5f00\u5411\u5357\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u65bd\u538b\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u901a\u8fc7\u79c1\u4eba\u9014\u5f84\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u9ad8\u5c42(\u542b\u90e8\u957f\u7ea7)\u63a5\u89e6\u6765\u201c\u5f71\u54cd\u5357\u975e\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u770b\u6cd5\u201d\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u9996\u76f8\u4e0e\u535a\u5854\u603b\u7edf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u89c6\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u79c1\u4eba\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u79c1\u4eba\u901a\u4fe1\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u82f1\u56fd\u5f71\u54cd\u5357\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u63a8\u884c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u4f4e\u3001\u6613\u4e8e\u638c\u63a7\u4e14\u5c55\u793a\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u4e3e\u63aa\uff0c\u5360\u636e\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u5236\u9ad8\u70b9\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u6539\u5584\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u5904\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u4e3a\u8868\u660e\u82f1\u56fd\u6b63\u5728\u201c\u79ef\u6781\u4fc3\u8fdb\u9ed1\u4eba\u5229\u76ca\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u8fbe\u5230\u201c\u62b5\u5fa1\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u88c1\u538b\u529b\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u6781\u529b\u5021\u5bfc\u5229\u7528\u7ecf\u6d4e\u624b\u6bb5\u52a0\u5267\u5357\u975e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7d27\u5f20\u72b6\u6001\u4ee5\u201c\u63a8\u52a8\u53d8\u9769\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u6566\u4fc3\u672c\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u79ef\u6781\u53c2\u4e0e\u6b27\u5171\u4f53\u300a\u884c\u4e3a\u5b88\u5219\u300b\u7684\u4fee\u8ba2\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u4e0d\u96be\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u8bd5\u56fe\u4ece\u5185\u90e8\u5f71\u54cd\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u6b27\u5171\u4f53\u5236\u88c1\u5357\u975e\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3001\u8303\u56f4\u4e0e\u529b\u5ea6\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u610f\u5229\u7528\u6b27\u5171\u4f53\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76fe\u724c\u6765\u62b5\u6321\u5916\u754c\u5bf9\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u3002\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0a\u8ff0\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u8fd8\u5728\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u5b9e\u65bd\u6709\u9650\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u88c1\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u6301\u66f4\u4e3a\u5f00\u653e\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u57c3\u6ed5\u54c8\u8d6b(Uitenhage)\u60e8\u6848\u540e\u56fd\u9645\u8206\u8bba\u538b\u529b\u6fc0\u589e\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u201c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5bf9\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u88c1\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u90e8\u7814\u7a76\u201d\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u5185\u4e00\u5ea6\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u58f0\u97f3\uff1a\u5176\u4e2d\u5357\u90e8\u975e\u6d32\u53f8\u53f8\u957f\u91cc\u592b\u5bf9\u6709\u9650\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u88c1\u4e0d\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7136\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u62c5\u5fc3\u5236\u88c1\u975e\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u201c\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u4ea7\u751f\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\u201d\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u201c\u9f13\u52b1\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u63a8\u52a8\u5168\u9762\u5236\u88c1\u201d\uff1b\u800c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u526f\u5927\u81e3\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u59c6\u00b7\u91cc\u592b\u91d1\u5fb7(Malcolm Rifkind)\u5374\u660e\u786e\u652f\u6301\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u91c7\u53d6\u8be5\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u9884\u671f\u6b64\u4e3e\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63a8\u52a8\u5357\u975e\u5185\u90e8\u6539\u9769\uff1b\u8d1f\u8d23\u975e\u6d32\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u526f\u56fd\u52a1\u6b21\u5b98\u57c3\u6587\u00b7\u5f17\u683c\u68ee(Ewen A. J. Fergusson)\u5219\u5728\u6b64\u4e8b\u4e0a\u6301\u6a21\u68f1\u4e24\u53ef\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u65e2\u5bf9\u6709\u9650\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u88c1\u662f\u5426\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u5357\u975e\u653f\u7b56\u76ee\u6807\u6301\u6000\u7591\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u8ba4\u540c\u201c\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u505a\u2018\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u2019\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0a\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u201d\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e89\u8bba\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u5728\u6b64\u4e8b\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u4f46\u4ec5\u8bba\u6218\u672c\u8eab\u4fbf\u5df2\u4ece\u5c06\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u88c1\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u635f\u5bb3\u82f1\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5229\u76ca\u4e14\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba8\u4ef7\u8fd8\u4ef7(Nonnegotiable)\u7684\u539f\u5219\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u53bb\u98ce\u9669\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5229\u76ca\u6700\u5927\u5316\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u5de5\u5177\u9009\u62e9\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ece\u4e8b\u540e\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5fae\u5999\u53d8\u5316\u4e3a\u65e5\u540e\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u5728\u5357\u975e\u5c40\u52bf\u6076\u5316\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5f62\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u6709\u9650\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u88c1\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u52301985\u5e7410\u6708\u62ff\u9a9a\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u5236\u5b9a\u201c\u53ef\u4fe1\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u7b56\u201d\u7684\u7eb2\u9886\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u6784\u6210\uff1a\u8c03\u6574\u4e0e\u975e\u56fd\u5927\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u653f\u7b56\u3001\u4fee\u8ba2\u6b27\u5171\u4f53\u300a\u884c\u4e3a\u5b88\u5219\u300b\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u6b27\u5171\u4f53\u5c31\u5357\u975e\u95ee\u9898\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u540c\u58f0\u660e\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u756a\u6743\u8861\u53d6\u820d\u540e\uff0c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\u6700\u7ec8\u843d\u5728\u4e86\u6b27\u5171\u4f53\u58f0\u660e\u4e0a\u3002\u5176\u539f\u56e0\u6709\u4e8c\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u5916\u4ea4\u5927\u81e3\u6770\u5f17\u91cc\u00b7\u8c6a(Geoffrey Howe)\u62c5\u5fc3\u8c03\u6574\u4e0e\u975e\u56fd\u5927\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u653f\u7b56\u6781\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u62db\u81f4\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u975e\u56fd\u5927\u575a\u6301\u6b66\u88c5\u6597\u4e89\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a\u201c\u6050\u6016\u7ec4\u7ec7\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u62d2\u7edd\u4e0e\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u6b63\u5f0f\u63a5\u89e6\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5728\u91cc\u592b\u63d0\u51fa\u8c03\u6574\u4e0e\u975e\u56fd\u5927\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u653f\u7b56\u5efa\u8bae\u540e\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u5728\u5bf9\u540e\u8005\u66b4\u529b\u6597\u4e89\u653f\u7b56\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\u540e\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u975e\u56fd\u5927\u867d\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u653e\u5f03\u5176\u65e2\u5b9a\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5e76\u672a\u63a8\u884c\u201c\u4e0d\u5206\u9752\u7ea2\u7682\u767d\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u653f\u7b56\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u8bc9\u8bf8\u66b4\u529b\u624b\u6bb5\u662f\u5728\u5357\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u5265\u593a\u5b83\u4ee5\u548c\u5e73\u65b9\u5f0f\u8ffd\u6c42\u5176\u653f\u6cbb\u76ee\u6807\u540e\u7684\u88ab\u8feb\u4e4b\u4e3e\uff0c\u4e14\u5176\u653b\u51fb\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5357\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u53ca\u5176\u519b\u4e8b\u548c\u8b66\u5bdf\u673a\u6784\u3001\u8f66\u8f86\u4e0e\u4eba\u5458\u7b49\u201c\u5408\u6cd5\u201d\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u52a8\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u201c\u5e73\u6c11\u4f24\u4ea1\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c0f\u201d\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5230\u82f1\u56fd\u51b3\u7b56\u5c42\u6df1\u53d7\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6cbb\u98ce\u6c14\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6770\u5f17\u91cc\u00b7\u8c6a\u4ecd\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u201c\u975e\u56fd\u5927\u7ee7\u7eed\u626e\u6f14\u7684\u6050\u6016\u4e3b\u4e49\u89d2\u8272\u201d\u5bf9\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u800c\u8a00\u4ecd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ece\u653f\u7b56\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u5e76\u4e0d\u6025\u4e8e\u5728\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u505a\u51fa\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u7ecf\u5185\u90e8\u8ba8\u8bba\u540e\uff0c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u65ad\u5b9a\u8c03\u6574\u4e0e\u975e\u56fd\u5927\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u653f\u7b56\u5e76\u975e\u6b64\u65f6\u82f1\u56fd\u5357\u975e\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u201c\u4f18\u5148\u4e8b\u9879\u201d\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u5176\u6682\u65f6\u6401\u7f6e\u3002\u4e8c\u662f\u4fee\u8ba2\u300a\u884c\u4e3a\u5b88\u5219\u300b\u4ea6\u9700\u8017\u65f66\u4e2a\u6708\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u96be\u89e3\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u71c3\u7709\u4e4b\u6025\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u773c\u4e2d\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4efd\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u6b27\u5171\u4f53\u58f0\u660e\u4fbf\u6210\u4e3a\u552f\u4e00\u53ef\u884c\u4e4b\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u4ee5\u201c\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u59ff\u6001\u201d\u6765\u5851\u9020\u53ef\u4fe1\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u907f\u514d\u82f1\u56fd\u88ab\u5b64\u7acb\u3002\u6b27\u6d32\u8bae\u4f1a\u4e8e4\u670818\u65e5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u5b9e\u65bd\u6709\u9650\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u88c1\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u82f1\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u5bfb\u6c42\u4e0e\u6b27\u5171\u4f53\u5728\u5357\u975e\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u540c\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u8bbe\u60f3\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u610f\u5473\u7740\u82f1\u56fd\u5c06\u5f88\u96be\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u6b27\u5171\u4f53\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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1985\u5e7410\u670816\u65e5\uff0c\u62ff\u9a9a\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u4f1a\u8bae\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f00\u5e55\u3002\u4e3a\u8fbe\u5230\u676f\u845b\u5236\u88c1\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u8c08\u5224\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u4fbf\u91c7\u53d6\u5f3a\u786c\u7acb\u573a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u9ad8\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u8c08\u5224\u8981\u4ef7\u3002\u5728\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u9996\u8111\u7684\u521d\u6b21\u63a5\u89e6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5979\u5c31\u5f3a\u608d\u5730\u8868\u660e\u5176\u4e0d\u60e7\u5728\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u4e2d\u88ab\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u5f3a\u786c\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5f5310\u670818\u65e5\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u8d77\u8349\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5c06\u5305\u542b\u5927\u91cf\u5236\u88c1\u5357\u975e\u63aa\u65bd\u7684\u516c\u62a5\u8349\u6848\u63d0\u4ea4\u7ed9\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u65f6\uff0c\u5979\u4e0d\u4f46\u62d2\u7edd\u8be5\u8349\u6848\uff0c\u8fd8\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u51fa\u4fee\u6b63\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u5728\u516c\u62a5\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u4e25\u6b63\u8981\u6c42\u5357\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u975e\u56fd\u5927\u7ed3\u675f\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53cc\u65b9\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u8fd9\u79cd\u770b\u4f3c\u5c06\u5f53\u4e8b\u65b9\u5404\u6253\u4e94\u5341\u5927\u677f\uff0c\u5b9e\u5219\u662f\u5c06\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u4e0e\u65bd\u66b4\u8005\u7b49\u91cf\u9f50\u89c2\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u504f\u8892\u5357\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u884c\u5f84\u6fc0\u8d77\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0e\u4f1a\u5404\u65b9\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u7684\u4e89\u5435\u4e0d\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u5206\u88c2\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u96be\u4ee5\u627f\u53d7\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u30021985\u5e7410\u670820\u65e5\u4e2d\u5348\uff0c\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u7b56\u7565\u6027\u51b3\u5b9a\uff1a\u4ee5\u7981\u6b62\u8fdb\u53e3\u5357\u975e\u514b\u9c81\u683c\u91d1\u5e01\u548c\u64a4\u9500\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e0e\u5357\u975e\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u652f\u6301\u4e24\u9879\u63aa\u65bd\u4e3a\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u6362\u53d6\u4ed6\u56fd\u540c\u610f\u82f1\u56fd\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u547c\u5401\u5357\u975e(\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u975e\u56fd\u5927)\u6682\u505c\u66b4\u529b\u7684\u63d0\u8bae\u3002\u4e3a\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5f53\u5929\u4e0b\u5348\uff0c\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u8fd8\u523b\u610f\u4ee5\u201c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u201d\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4f17\u4eba\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u58f0\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u4ece\u672a\u906d\u53d7\u5982\u6b64\u5947\u803b\u5927\u8fb1\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u5524\u8d77\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0e\u4f1a\u8005\u7684\u540c\u60c5\u3002\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u4e0d\u5931\u65f6\u673a\u5730\u548c\u76d8\u6258\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8ba9\u6b65\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u5168\u4f53\u4f1a\u8bae\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u63d0\u8bae\u7684\u4f1a\u8bae\u51b3\u8bae\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e\u5f53\u5929\u665a\u4e0a\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e86\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u5357\u90e8\u975e\u6d32\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u534f\u5b9a\u300b\uff0c\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u6709\u4e8c\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u6210\u7acb\u82f1\u8054\u90a6\u77e5\u540d\u4eba\u58eb\u5c0f\u7ec4(Commonwealth Group of Eminent Persons)\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5357\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u9ed1\u4eba\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e3a\u671f6\u4e2a\u6708\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u5ba3\u5e03\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u91c7\u53d6\u4e5d\u9879\u5236\u88c1\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5728\u4f1a\u540e\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u53d1\u5e03\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8ba9\u6b65\u53ea\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u70b9\u70b9\u201d\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u53ef\u5426\u8ba4\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u786e\u5b9e\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u9488\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u7684\u6709\u9650\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u88c1\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u6492\u5207\u5c14\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u538b\u529b\u4e0b\u521d\u6b65\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5bf9\u5357\u975e\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u8bed<\/strong><\/p>\n

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