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Minkowski\u548cJoseph von Mering\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u72d7\u5728\u5207\u9664\u80f0\u817a\u540e\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4eba\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u7684\u75c7\u72b6\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u533b\u751fEugene Opie\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7531\u80f0\u817a\u4e2d\u80f0\u5c9b\u7684\u75c5\u53d8\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u3002\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u540e\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u533b\u751fFrederick Banting\u5728\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u4e0a\u5199\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a8\u65ad\uff1a\u7ed3\u624e\u72d7\u7684\u80f0\u817a\u5bfc\u7ba1\uff0c\u8ba9\u72d7\u6d3b\u5230\u817a\u4f53\u9000\u5316\u81f3\u4ec5\u7559\u4e0b\u80f0\u5c9b\uff0c\u5206\u79bb\u80f0\u5c9b\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u5206\u6ccc\u7269\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u7f13\u89e3\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63a8\u65ad\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u77ed\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u5c31\u8ba9\u66d9\u5149\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u707f\u70c2\u7684\u9633\u5149\uff0c\u7167\u4eae\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u9634\u6697\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/17877807618619DbK7P.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1\/7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3\/2026-08-26T21:46:02Z\/86400\/host\/e5daacd9c466fc4eafcd0bc08b6167f2670128156e90d972abaab839aa86078a\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Banting\u3001Best\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7528\u72d7\u3002\u56fe\u6e90\uff1ahttps:\/\/sciencehistory.org\/education\/scientific-biographies\/frederick-banting-charles-best-james-collip-and-john-macleod\/<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u7cd6\u4ee3\u8c22\u4e13\u5bb6John Macleod\u6559\u6388\u7684\u534f\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0cBanting\u548c\u52a9\u624b Charles Best\u57281921\u5e74\u590f\u5929\u5f00\u59cb\u7528\u72d7\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u63a8\u65ad\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u548c\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u591a\u6b21\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ec8\u4e8e\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u6210\u529f\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a\u4ece\u5176\u5b83\u7ed3\u624e\u4e86\u80f0\u817a\u5bfc\u7ba1\u7684\u72d7\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u63d0\u53d6\u7269\uff0c\u6ce8\u5c04\u5230\u4e00\u53ea\u56e0\u4e3a\u80f0\u817a\u88ab\u5207\u9664\u800c\u5f97\u4e86\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u7684\u540d\u53ebMarjorie\u7684\u75c5\u72d7\u9759\u8109\u4e2d\u3002\u63d0\u53d6\u7269\u5c31\u50cf\u4f20\u8bf4\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u795e\u836f\u201d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\uff0c\u8ba9\u72d7\u7684\u8840\u7cd6\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5927\u5e45\u964d\u4f4e\u3002\u539f\u5148\u75c5\u6079\u6079\u7684\u72d7\u795e\u5947\u5730\u62ac\u8d77\u4e86\u5934\uff0c\u7ad9\u4e86\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u6447\u52a8\u5c3e\u5df4\u3002Banting\u7684\u63a8\u65ad\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff01<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u6210\u529f\u5230\u4e34\u5e8a\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8de8\u8d8a\u51e0\u4e2a\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u627e\u5230\u5927\u91cf\u63d0\u53d6\u7269\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6765\u6e90\u3001\u5bf9\u63d0\u53d6\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u7eaf\u5316\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5408\u7406\u5730\u5b89\u6392\u4eba\u4f53\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u7b49\u3002Banting\u867d\u7136\u51b2\u52b2\u5341\u8db3\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u96be\u9898\u5374\u4e0d\u662f\u4ed6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6709\u9650\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u65b0\u4eba\u80fd\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u51ed\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5168\u90e8\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u548cBest\u4ece\u5c60\u5bb0\u573a\u7684\u725b\u80f0\u817a\u91cc\u7528\u9ad8\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u4e59\u9187\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u4e86\u8f83\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u6210\u5206\u7269\u8d28\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u88abMacleod\u6559\u6388\u91cd\u65b0\u547d\u540d\u4e3a\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20(insulin)\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u5176\u6765\u6e90\u95ee\u9898\u57fa\u672c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u3002Macleod\u6559\u6388\u5229\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e86\u5305\u62ec\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u4e13\u5bb6James Collip\u6559\u6388\u5728\u5185\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u5e2eBanting\u626b\u9664\u4e86\u540e\u7eed\u4e0e\u7eaf\u5316\u3001\u4e34\u5e8a\u524d\u548c\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u969c\u788d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Collip\u6559\u6388\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u52aa\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u8fbe\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7eaf\u5ea6\uff0c1922\u5e741\u670823\u65e5\u572814\u5c81\u7684Leonard Thompson\u8eab\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4eba\u4f53\u4e34\u5e8a\u8bd5\u9a8c\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u6210\u529f\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u518d\u63a5\u518d\u5389\uff0c\u540c\u5e742\u6708\u4efd\u57286\u4f4d\u5176\u4ed6\u75c5\u4eba\u8eab\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u8bd5\u9a8c\uff0c\u6548\u679c\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u98de\u5feb\u3002\u533b\u751f\u4eec\u5728\u542c\u8bf4\u8fd9\u79cd\u795e\u5947\u836f\u7269\u540e\uff0c\u7eb7\u7eb7\u6073\u6c42\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u63d0\u4f9b\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u633d\u6551\u4ed6\u4eec\u6fd2\u4e34\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u75c5\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4Connaught Laboratories\u5374\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca1\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u6fc0\u589e\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u7531\u4e8e\u8003\u8651\u4e0d\u5468\u8fd8\u5bfc\u81f41922\u5e74\u4e0a\u534a\u5e74\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e25\u91cd\u77ed\u7f3a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8feb\u5728\u7709\u776b\u7684\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u4f9b\u5e94\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u7b54\u5e94\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u5236\u836f\u516c\u53f8\u793c\u6765(Eli Lilly and Co.)\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u793c\u6765\u4ece1922\u5e746\u6708\u5f00\u59cb\u5229\u7528\u732a\u548c\u725b\u7684\u80f0\u817a\u8fdb\u884c\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u5e76\u57281923\u5e742\u6708\u4efd\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u50a8\u5907\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u9010\u6e10\u80fd\u591f\u6ee1\u8db3\u6574\u4e2a\u5317\u7f8e\u5730\u533a\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6210\u529f\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5f52\u529f\u4e8e\u793c\u6765\u7684\u9996\u5e2d\u5316\u5b66\u4e13\u5bb6 George Walden\uff0c\u4ed6\u57281922\u5e74\u5e95\u521b\u9020\u6027\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u4e86\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7b49\u7535\u70b9\u6c89\u6dc0\u7eaf\u5316\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7eaf\u5316\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u662f\u57281922\u5e74\uff0c\u4e24\u5e74\u524d\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u6216\u533b\u5b66\u5956\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\uff0c\u54e5\u672c\u54c8\u6839\u5927\u5b66\u7684August Krogh\u6559\u6388\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u8036\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u505a\u5b66\u672f\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u59bb\u5b50Marie Krogh(\u4e00\u4f4d\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u60a3\u8005)\u7684\u529d\u8bf4\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ed5\u9053\u6765\u5230\u4e86\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\uff0cKrogh\u4e0eBanting\u548cMacleod\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u5730\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u751f\u4ea7\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7684\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u5e76\u57281923\u5e74\u521d\u5229\u7528\u725b\u80f0\u817a\u5236\u5907\u51fa\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u6700\u7ec8\u6f14\u5316\u6210\u4e86\u73b0\u5728\u8d6b\u8d6b\u6709\u540d\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u5236\u836f\u516c\u53f8\u8bfa\u548c\u8bfa\u5fb7(Novo Nordisk)\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Krogh\u6295\u6843\u62a5\u674e\u3002\u5728\u56de\u5230\u6b27\u6d32\u540e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u5c31\u5411\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u63d0\u540d\u4e86Banting\u548cMacleod\u3002\u4e8c\u4eba\u4e5f\u56e0\u4e3a\u53d1\u73b0\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u800c\u5171\u540c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e861923\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u6216\u533b\u5b66\u5956\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e24\u4eba\u6240\u5728\u7684\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7814\u53d1\u56e2\u961f\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u77db\u76fe\u91cd\u91cd\uff0c\u5f97\u4e86\u5956\u540e\u4e5f\u662f\u4e89\u5435\u4e0d\u65ad\u3002Banting\u56e0\u4e3a\u8ba4\u4e3aMacleod\u4e0d\u8be5\u5f97\u5956\uff0c\u5dee\u70b9\u6c14\u5f97\u4e0d\u53bb\u9886\u5956\u3002\u5728\u63d0\u540d\u65f6\uff0cKrogh\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e8c\u4eba\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u505a\u4e86\u6bd4\u8f83\u5ba2\u89c2\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6700\u521d\u60f3\u6cd5\u65e0\u7591\u5c5e\u4e8eBanting\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709Macleod\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u5355\u51edBanting\u548cBest\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u65e0\u6cd5\u5b8c\u6210\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u6210\u836f\u6240\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u7ba1\u53d1\u660e\u8005\u600e\u4e48\u4e89\u5435\uff0c\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7684\u795e\u5947\u9b54\u529b\u5374\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u4e0d\u505c\u5730\u91ca\u653e\u7740\u3002\u52301922\u5e74\u4e0b\u534a\u5e74\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u6570\u767e\u540d\u5317\u7f8e\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u6cbb\u7597\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6062\u590d\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u5927\u591a\u6570\u90fd\u8c61\u201c\u7ae5\u8bdd\u201d\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8457\u540d\u4f8b\u5b50\u662fElizabeth Hughes\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u7ecf\u5386\u3002Hughes\u57281907\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5dde\u3002\u5979\u572811\u5c81\u65f6\u88ab\u8bca\u65ad\u51fa\u60a3\u6709\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\uff0c\u52301922\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u5979\u5df2\u7ecf\u56e0\u865a\u5f31\u65e0\u6cd5\u884c\u8d70\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u73ed\u5ef7\u5f00\u59cb\u7ed9\u5979\u6ce8\u5c04\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u540e\uff0c\u4ec5\u7528\u4e86\u4e24\u5468\uff0c\u5979\u5c31\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6062\u590d\u4e86\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\u5979\u57281923\u5e74\u56de\u5230\u5b66\u6821\uff0c1929\u5e74\u4ece\u5df4\u7eb3\u5fb7\u5b66\u9662(Barnard 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src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/17877808288318H9GBF.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1\/7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3\/2026-08-26T21:47:09Z\/86400\/host\/e585eca8dee6ca59d2a03f57afdbff79483fefba4fe597a6cc3129e859982b3e\" 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src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/1787780864954sRVcsh.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1\/7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3\/2026-08-26T21:47:45Z\/86400\/host\/29b455b5e7521fcb8fc90d8ff7f75cbb61f60c100c188bd636aec3cbb5f02879\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Sanger\u57281953\u5e74\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bb0\u5f55\u672c\u7684\u4e0a\u7684\u4e24\u9875\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u7740\u5f53\u65f6\u4ed6\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u56fe\u6e90\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.whatisbiotechnology.org\/index.php\/exhibitions\/sanger\/insulin<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u6837\u4eceAbel\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u7075\u611f\u7684\u8fd8\u67091955\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5316\u5b66\u5956\u83b7\u5f97\u8005Vincent du Vigneaud\u30021927\u5e74\uff0cdu 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\/><\/p>\n<p>du-Vigneaud\u548c\u50ac\u4ea7\u7d20\u3002\u56fe\u6e90\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.thefamouspeople.com\/profiles\/vincent-du-vigneaud-7473.php<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e0e\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u6709\u6781\u6df1\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u83b7\u5f97\u8005\u662fDorothy Hodgkin\uff0c\u5979\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662fX\u5c04\u7ebf\u6676\u4f53\u5b66\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u3002\u59791910\u5e74\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u57c3\u53ca\u5f00\u7f57\uff0c1937\u5e74\u4ece\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u83b7\u5f97\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6d4b\u5b9a\u662f\u5979\u4e00\u751f\u6700\u95ea\u4eae\u7684\u6210\u679c\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u5f00\u59cb\u4e8e1934\u5e74\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6Robert 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\/><\/p>\n<p>Hodgkin\u548c\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u56fe\u6e90\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.chemistryworld.com\/features\/dorothy-hodgkin-cracking-crystal-codes\/3004555.article<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7684\u5144\u5f1f\u4eec<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u5e8f\u5217\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7684\u7ed3\u6784-\u529f\u80fd\u5173\u7cfb\u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u53d8\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u53d1\u73b0\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7c7b\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u836f\u7269\u7684\u9053\u8def\u4e0a\uff0c\u9996\u5f53\u5176\u51b2\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u3002\u732a\u548c\u725b\u7684\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u4ece1922\u5e74\u4e00\u76f4\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u3002\u5728\u6cbb\u75c5\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e5f\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8102\u80aa\u8425\u517b\u4e0d\u826f\u3001\u8102\u80aa\u840e\u7f29\u3001\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u8fc7\u654f\u548c\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u62b5\u6297\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u52a8\u7269\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u5e8f\u5217\u4e0d\u540c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u539f\u6027\u9020\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u7eaf\u7cb9\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ece\u52a8\u7269\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7eaf\u5ea6\u4e0d\u591f\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u968f\u7740\u5236\u836f\u516c\u53f8\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u52a0\u5927\u6295\u5165\uff0c\u52a8\u7269\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7684\u7eaf\u5316\u6280\u672f\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5148\u8fdb\uff0c\u52a8\u7269\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7684\u7eaf\u5ea6\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u5230\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u52a8\u7269\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7684\u7eaf\u5ea6\u4e0d\u591f\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u5e38\u89c1\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u53c8\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u52a8\u7269\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u91cf\u5df2\u7ecf\u5feb\u8d76\u4e0d\u4e0a\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u91cf\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c60\u5bb0\u7ea626000\u5934\u52a8\u7269\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u7ea69000\u65a4\u80f0\u817a\uff0c\u4ece9000\u65a4\u80f0\u817a\u91cc\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa1\u65a4\u7684\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6ee1\u8db3\u7f8e\u56fd\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u957f\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5149\u793c\u6765\u516c\u53f8\u81ea\u5df1\u6bcf\u5e74\u5c31\u81f3\u5c11\u9700\u89815600\u4e07\u5934\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u80f0\u817a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u5927\u91cf\u5236\u9020\u4eba\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7528\u4e8e\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u6cbb\u7597\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u793c\u6765\u516c\u53f8\u57281976\u5e745\u6708\u53ec\u96c6\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1a\u8bae\u6765\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u540e\u6765\u7ade\u4e89\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u8fd9\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f1976\u5e744\u6708\u521a\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u5c0f\u516c\u53f8Genentech(\u57fa\u56e0\u6cf0\u514b)\u56e2\u961f\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u81ea\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u5206\u6821\uff08UCSF\uff09\u7684\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u7531William Rutter\u9886\u5bfc\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e2\u961f\u6765\u81ea\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u9886\u5bfc\u662fWalter Gilbert\uff0c\u4ed6\u57281980\u5e74\u548cSanger\u56e0\u53d1\u660eDNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6cd5\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5316\u5b66\u5956\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u53ea\u670912\u540d\u5458\u5de5\u7684Genentech\u516c\u53f8\u795e\u5947\u822c\u5730\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u80dc\u5229\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u6210\u529f\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u662f\u4e09\u9879\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5956\u7ea7\u7684\u6280\u672f\u548c\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u4e00\u9879\u662f\u6838\u9178\u5408\u6210\u6280\u672f(Lord Todd ,1957\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5316\u5b66\u5956)\uff0c\u4e00\u9879\u662f\u9057\u4f20\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u7834\u8bd1(Marshall Nirenberg\/Gobind Khorana,1968\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u6216\u533b\u5b66\u5956)\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u9879\u662fDNA\u91cd\u7ec4\u6280\u672f(Paul Berg, 1980\u5e74\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u5316\u5b66\u5956)\u3002\u800cGenentech\u6210\u529f\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u7684DNA\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/1787781070607vUpOPt.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1\/7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3\/2026-08-26T21:51:11Z\/86400\/host\/fdbd124f7c83178f0e044381c76b2cba3dd8bdbadc5d0c643f906d4a76218013\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u56e0\u6cf0\u514b\u4eba\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u56e2\u961f\u3002\u9ed1\u677f\u4e0a\u753b\u7684\u8868\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u5927\u80a0\u6746\u83cc\u7684\u9057\u4f20\u5bc6\u7801\u5236\u9020\u51fa\u4eba\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u3002\u56fe\u6e90\uff1ahttps:\/\/hr.caltech.edu\/news\/caltech-mourns-the-loss-of-art-riggs-phd-66<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u662f\u8981\u7528\u751f\u7269\u8868\u8fbe\u6280\u672f\u5236\u5907\u4eba\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\uff0c\u5f88\u81ea\u7136\u7684\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u51b3\u5b9a\u91c7\u7528\u5168\u751f\u7269\u6280\u672f,\u901a\u8fc7\u4fe1\u4f7fRNA(mRNA)\u83b7\u53d6\u4eba\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u539f(proinsulin)\u7684\u4e92\u8865DNA(cDNA)\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5176\u5f15\u5165\u8868\u8fbe\u8f7d\u4f53\u8fdb\u884c\u4eba\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u539f\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u5236\u5907\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u86cb\u767d\u9176\u5c06\u4eba\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u539f\u7684C 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lispro)\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u4e0a\u5e02\u7684\u4eba\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7269\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901f\u6548\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6a21\u4eff\u4eba\u4f53\u5185\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u793c\u6765\u516c\u53f8\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u836f\u7269\uff0c\u57281996\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u83b7\u5f97\u6279\u51c6\u3002\u5b83\u548c\u4eba\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u7ec4DNA\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u628aB\u94fe\u4e0a\u7684\u8d56\u6c28\u9178\u548c\u812f\u6c28\u9178\u987a\u5e8f\u4e92\u6362\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u7d27\u968f\u5176\u540e\u7684\u662f\u8bfa\u548c\u8bfa\u5fb7\u57282000\u5e74\u4e0a\u5e02\u7684\u901f\u6548\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u95e8\u51ac\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20(Insulin aspart)\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u7ec4DNA\u6280\u672f\u5c06B\u94fe\u4e0a\u7684\u812f\u6c28\u9178\u6362\u6210\u5929\u51ac\u6c28\u9178\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u30024\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5feb\u901f\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\uff0c\u8c37\u8d56\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20(Insulin 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detemir)\u3002\u5728\u76ae\u4e0b\u6ce8\u5c04\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u957f\u8fbe24\u5c0f\u65f6\u5185\u7ef4\u6301\u4eba\u4f53\u4f4e\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6539\u53d8\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5728B\u94fe\u7684\u8d56\u6c28\u9178\u8fde\u4e0a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8102\u80aa\u9178\u8089\u8c46\u853b\u9178\u3002\u8bfa\u548c\u8bfa\u5fb7\u57282016\u5e74\u8fd8\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u79cd\u8d85\u957f\u6548\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\uff0c\u5fb7\u8c37\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20(Insulin 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