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\u4f5c\u8005: \u5f20\u6cbb<\/p>\n

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\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u8ba1\u5212\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u611f\u89c9\u00b7\u89c2\u5ff5\u00b7\u601d\u60f3\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u5373\u300a\u7ba1\u9525\u7f16\u300b\u81ea\u5e8f\u6240\u8bf4\u201c\u53c8\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u5178\u7c4d\uff0c\u891a\u5c0f\u6709\u6000\uff0c\u7ee0\u77ed\u8bd5\u6c72\uff0c\u9887\u5c1d\u8bc4\u6cca\u8003\u955c\uff0c\u539f\u4ee5\u897f\u6587\u5c5e\u8349\uff0c\u4ea6\u601d\u5199\u5b9a\uff0c\u804a\u5f53\u5916\u7f16\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u897f\u6d0b\u5341\u5bb6\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u5df2\u77e5\u6709\u4f46\u4e01\u3001\u8499\u7530\u3001\u838e\u58eb\u6bd4\u4e9a\u4e09\u5bb6[7]\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8ba1\u5212\u5747\u672a\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u516b\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u4efb\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u526f\u9662\u957f\u3001\u5168\u56fd\u653f\u534f\u5e38\u59d4\u3001\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u5b66\u4f4d\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6587\u79d1\u8bc4\u8bba\u7ec4\u6210\u5458\u4ee5\u53ca\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u53e4\u7c4d\u6574\u7406\u51fa\u7248\u89c4\u5212\u5c0f\u7ec4\u987e\u95ee\u7b49\u804c\u52a1\u3002\u52a0\u4e4b\u5c0f\u8bf4\u300a\u56f4\u57ce\u300b\u88ab\u62cd\u6210\u7535\u89c6\u5267\u540e\u98ce\u9761\u5168\u56fd\uff0c\u5a92\u4f53\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u5404\u754c\u4eba\u58eb\u591a\u6709\u6b32\u4e0a\u95e8\u8bbf\u95ee\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u575a\u51b3\u8c22\u5ba2\u800c\u95ed\u95e8\u8bfb\u4e66\uff0c\u76f4\u81f31994\u5e74\u590f\u5929\u75c5\u91cd\u4f4f\u9662\u524d\u4e00\u76f4\u624b\u4e0d\u91ca\u5377[8]\u30021998\u5e7412\u670819\u65e5\u6e05\u6668\uff0c\u56e0\u591a\u79cd\u987d\u75be\u7f20\u8eab\u800c\u4e45\u5367\u75c5\u69bb\u7684\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u901d\u4e16\u4e8e\u5317\u4eac\u533b\u9662\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c<\/p>\n

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0c\u53c8\u662f\u4ee5\u8bd7\u8bdd\u3001\u6587\u8bba\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u8865\u5145\u8bd7\u6ce8\u3001\u7b14\u8bb0\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u201c\u83ab\u9006\u6697\u5951\u201d\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u62d8\u4e8e\u8bd7\u6587\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6269\u5927\u81f3\u8bd7\u6587\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u4e43\u81f3\u8bd7\u3001\u6587\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5b66\u79d1[14]\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7ecf\u53f2\u5b50\u96c6\u56db\u90e8\u4e4b\u9996\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7ecf\u90e8\u4e09\u4e66\uff08\u300a\u6613\u300b\u3001\u300a\u8bd7\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5de6\u4f20\u300b\uff09\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e86\u6587\u3001\u53f2\u3001\u54f2\u7684\u8d2f\u901a\uff0c\u300a\u6613\u300b\u53c8\u7ed3\u5408\u300a\u8001\u5b50\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5217\u5b50\u300b\u3001\u300a\u6613\u6797\u300b\u4ea7\u751f\u51fa\u6613\u5b66\u3001\u9053\u6559\u4e24\u6761\u54f2\u5b66\u53f2\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u300a\u5de6\u4f20\u300b\u7ed3\u5408\u300a\u53f2\u8bb0\u300b\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u53f2\u5b66\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u300a\u8bd7\u300b\u4e0e\u300a\u695a\u8f9e\u300b\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5148\u79e6\u5357\u5317\u8bd7\u6b4c\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u5411\u4e0b\u800c\u7edf\u9886\u300a\u592a\u5e73\u5e7f\u8bb0\u300b\u7684\u5c0f\u8bf4\u548c\u300a\u5168\u4e0a\u53e4\u4e09\u4ee3\u79e6\u6c49\u4e09\u56fd\u516d\u671d\u6587\u300b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8fd9\u6700\u540e\u4e24\u90e8\u4e66\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5148\u79e6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e43\u81f3\u5510\u524d\u5343\u5e74\u95f4\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u897f\u57df\u4f5b\u6559\u8f93\u5165\u540e\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u79cd\u79cd\u53d8\u5316[19]\u3002<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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\u9119\u89c1\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5982\u4ee5\u6587\u5b66\u4e4b\u98ce\u683c\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u4e4b\u578b\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0e\u592b\u653f\u6cbb\u5236\u5ea6\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u7686\u89c6\u4e3a\u67d0\u79cd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7cbe\u795e\u4e4b\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u5e73\u884c\u56db\u51fa\uff0c\u5f02\u8f99\u540c\u6e90\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u521d\u65e0\u5148\u56e0\u540e\u679c\u4e4b\u8fde\u8c0a\uff0c\u800c\u76f8\u4e3a\u6620\u5c04\u9610\u53d1\uff0c\u6b63\u53ef\u7531\u4ee5\u7aa5\u89c1\u6b64\u79cd\u65f6\u4ee3\u7cbe\u795e\u4e4b\u7279\u5f81\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4ee4\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8d77\u4ed6\u8fd8\u6709\u4e2a\u672a\u66fe\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u6709\u65f6\u68a6\u60f3\u7740\u5199\u4e00\u672c\u8bb2\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u53f2\u201d[23]\uff0c\u4e5f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5982\u4ece\u4fee\u8f9e\u89d2\u5ea6\u89e3\u8bfb\u601d\u60f3\u6587\u732e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6216\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u6216\u6839\u672c\u672a\u80fd\u8bc9\u8bf8\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u540e\u6765\u5c31\u6539\u6362\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u4e3a\u7efc\u5408\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8574\u85cf\u4e8e\u300a\u7ba1\u9525\u7f16\u300b\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001\u4e13\u4e1a\u5fd7\u8da3\u4e43\u81f3\u5e73\u751f\u66f4\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u7cbe\u529b\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5b66\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7279\u522b\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u4e13\u8bba\u95ee\u4e16\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u4ed6\u59bb\u5b50\u6768\u7edb\u7684\u8457\u8ff0\u9886\u57df\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c[24]\u3002\u90a3\u90e8\u6536\u5165\u4e86\u4ed6\u7559\u5b66\u65f6\u671f\u5b66\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u5341\u4e03\u3001\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7eaa\u82f1\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u91cc\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\uff08China in the English Literature of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries\uff09\u7684\u300a\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u82f1\u6587\u6587\u96c6\u300b[25]\uff0c\u6240\u6536\u5185\u5bb9\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4ecd\u662f\u8c08\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u4ed6\u7684\u897f\u5b66\u9020\u8be3\u3002\u4ed6\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u300a\u6b27\u6d32\u6587\u5b66\u91cc\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\u7684\u6b8b\u7a3f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u662f\u547d\u9898\u4e4b\u4f5c[26]\uff0c\u5374\u4e0e\u4ed6\u65e9\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u5c31\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bba\u9898\u9887\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u53cd\u4e4b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u4e2d\u63a5\u53d7\u897f\u6d0b\u6587\u660e\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4ed6\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u8bba\u9898\uff0c1948\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u6717\u8d39\u7f57\u300a\u4eba\u751f\u9882\u300b\u4e4b\u65e9\u671f\u6c49\u8bd1\u7684\u82f1\u8bed\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u53c8\u6269\u5145\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u7bc7\u66f4\u4e3a\u535a\u5b66\u7684\u6c49\u8bed\u6587\u7ae0[27]\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u6c49\u8bed\u7248\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5f53\u65f6\u8ba1\u5212\u5199\u4e00\u672c\u8bba\u8ff0\u665a\u6e05\u8f93\u5165\u897f\u6d0b\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u5c0f\u4e66\uff0c\u90a3\u7bc7\u662f\u4e66\u4e2d\u7247\u6bb5\u201d[28]\u3002\u4ece\u300a\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u624b\u7a3f\u96c6\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u6750\u6599\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u4ed6\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u674e\u51e4\u82de\u65e5\u8bb0\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u6b4c\u5fb7\uff0c\u738b\u4e4b\u6625\u300a\u4f7f\u4fc4\u8349\u300b\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u89c2\u6469\u300a\u5929\u9e45\u6e56\u300b\uff0c\u658c\u693f\u3001\u5f20\u7956\u7ffc\u5982\u4f55\u63cf\u6479\u5916\u8bed\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u8bfb\u97f3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u90a3\u4e9b\u8bd7\u6587\u6e38\u8bb0\u91cc\u9762\u600e\u6837\u8bb0\u8ff0\u770b\u6d0b\u5987\u3001\u5403\u51b0\u6fc0\u51cc\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u300a\u7ba1\u9525\u7f16\u300b\u201c\u5168\u540e\u6c49\u6587\u5377\u4e00\u4e09\u201d\u4e2d\u5f81\u5f15\u660e\u6e05\u4eba\u8bb0\u5f55\u897f\u6d0b\u996e\u9994\u3001\u5668\u7269\u53ca\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5e7f\u535a\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u7ffb\u67e5\u300a\u5bb9\u5b89\u9986\u672d\u8bb0\u300b\u4e2d\u7b2c\u516d\u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u4e5d\u5341\u4e03\u3001\u767e\u4e09\u5341\u516b\u3001\u4e09\u767e\u516d\u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u4e94\u767e\u4e03\u5341\u516d\u7b49\u5219\uff0c\u76f8\u7c7b\u6587\u732e\u6bd4\u5df2\u53d1\u8868\u90e8\u5206\u591a\u51fa\u6570\u500d\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u8bb8\u5c31\u5305\u542b\u7740\u90a3\u672c\u5c0f\u4e66\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u96cf\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u524d\u6587\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u53ca\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u665a\u5e74\u8457\u8ff0\u8ba1\u5212\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u201c\u4ee5\u897f\u6587\u5c5e\u8349\u201d\u7684\u201c\u897f\u5b66\u7ba1\u9525\u7f16\u201d\uff08\u5373\u300a\u611f\u89c9\u00b7\u89c2\u5ff5\u00b7\u601d\u60f3\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff09\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u4f46\u4e01\u3001\u8499\u7530\u3001\u838e\u58eb\u6bd4\u4e9a\u4e09\u5bb6\u5916\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u300a\u7ba1\u9525\u7f16\u300b\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e03\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u5927\u90fd\u5728\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3a\u5e0c\u814a\u7f57\u9a6c\u53e4\u5178\u4f5c\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e14\u5206\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6587\u5b66\u3001\u53f2\u5b66\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u4e0d\u540c\u9886\u57df\u4e4b\u7ecf\u5178\u3002\u518d\u4f9d\u7167\u300a\u7ba1\u9525\u7f16\u300b\u6709\u7eed\u5199\u5341\u5bb6\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0a\u6709\u6240\u5ef6\u540e\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u5219\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201c\u897f\u5b66\u7ba1\u9525\u7f16\u201d\u5168\u5c40\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0a\u5927\u4f53\u4e8e\u53e4\u5e0c\u814a\u7f57\u9a6c\u8457\u4f5c\u5bb6\u5f53\u4e3e\u51fa10\u79cd\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u6587\u827a\u590d\u5174\u65f6\u671f\u53ca\u5176\u540e\u4f5c\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u6709\u5341\u5bb6\u3002\u300a\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u624b\u7a3f\u96c6\u300b\u4e8e2016\u5e74\u521d\u5168\u90e8\u5f71\u5370\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u603b\u5171\u5305\u62ec\u4e863\u518c\u201c\u5bb9\u5b89\u9986\u672d\u8bb0\u201d\u300120\u518c\u201c\u4e2d\u6587\u7b14\u8bb0\u201d\u300148\u518c\u201c\u5916\u6587\u7b14\u8bb0\u201d\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u201c\u672d\u8bb0\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u5916\u6587\u7b14\u8bb0\u201d\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ed6\u7684\u9605\u8bfb\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6765\u63a8\u77e5\u5176\u897f\u5b66\u683c\u5c40\u7684\u5927\u6982\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u300a\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u624b\u7a3f\u96c6\u00b7\u5916\u6587\u7b14\u8bb0\u300b\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u99862016\u5e74\u7248<\/p>\n

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\u76ee\u524d\u5b66\u754c\u3001\u7ffb\u8bd1\u754c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e00\u76f4\u4e0d\u4ece\u6b64\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ec5\u6709\u738b\u6c38\u5e74\u8bd1\u5854\u7d22\u53f2\u8bd7\u65f6\u9898\u4f5c\u300a\u8036\u8def\u6492\u51b7\u7684\u89e3\u653e\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u518d\u6709\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u4e8e\u300a\u5802\u5409\u8bc3\u5fb7\u300b\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u98ce\u683c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u5728\u300a\u672d\u8bb0\u300b\u4e2d\u591a\u6b21\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u585e\u4e07\u63d0\u65af\u5199\u4ec6\u5f79\u6851\u4e18\u8bb2\u8bdd\u7684\u53e3\u543b\u7c7b\u5982\u300a\u897f\u6e38\u8bb0\u300b\u5199\u732a\u516b\u6212\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u6768\u7edb\u4ece\u539f\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\u300a\u5802\u5409\u8bc3\u5fb7\u300b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u98ce\u683c\uff0c\u65e5\u540e\u867d\u6709\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u8bed\u4e13\u5bb6\u91cd\u8bd1\u8fd9\u90e8\u5c0f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u7ec6\u8282\u4e0a\u4fee\u6b63\u4e86\u6768\u8bd1\u672c\u7684\u82e5\u5e72\u8bb9\u8bef\uff0c\u4f46\u4ee5\u6768\u7edb\u8bd1\u300a\u5802\u5409\u8bc3\u5fb7\u300b\u800c\u6811\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u6587\u5b66\u7ecf\u5178\uff0c\u957f\u4e45\u4ee5\u6765\u6df1\u5165\u4eba\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0e\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u5927\u6709\u5173\u7cfb[33]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u9887\u4e3a\u91cd\u89c6\u7684\u5df4\u6d1b\u514b\u6587\u5b66\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684\u9a6c\u91cc\u8bfa\u4e0e\u9a6c\u91cc\u8bfa\u6d3e\u3001\u5854\u7d22\u3001\u5df4\u897f\u5c14\u7b49\u4eba\uff0c\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u7684\u514b\u7ef4\u591a\u3001\u8d21\u6208\u62c9\u7b49\u4eba\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\u845b\u5f8b\u6590\u4e4c\u65af\u3001\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u5965\u76ae\u8328\u3001\u897f\u91cc\u897f\u4e9a\u7684\u5b89\u54f2\u5362\u65af\u7b49\u4eba\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u56fd\u6587\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u754c\u5927\u591a\u4e0d\u592a\u53d7\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u679c\u532e\u4e4f\u3002\u800c\u50cf\u5361\u8d5e\u624e\u57fa\u65af\u3001\u5361\u5c14\u7ef4\u8bfa\u3001\u535a\u5c14\u8d6b\u65af\u3001\u5384\u666e\u4ee3\u514b\u3001\u51af\u53e4\u5185\u7279\u7b49\u73b0\u4ee3\u4f5c\u5bb6\uff0c\u65e5\u540e\u5927\u53d7\u8ffd\u5d07\uff0c\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u53ef\u80fd\u90fd\u662f\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bfb\u8005\u3002\u300a\u624b\u7a3f\u96c6\u300b\u201c\u5916\u6587\u7b14\u8bb0\u201d\u6700\u540e6\u518c\u7cfb\u8bfb\u897f\u6587\u62a5\u520a\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u5728\u52e4\u594b\u7684\u8bfb\u4e66\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\u4e00\u76f4\u62bd\u51fa\u65f6\u95f4\u5b9a\u671f\u6458\u5f55\u82f1\u6cd5\u5fb7\u610f\u7b49\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5b66\u672f\u520a\u7269\u30021981\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u5b8b\u6dc7\u81f4\u51fd\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u6b63\u8d70\u7ea2\u82f1\u7f8e\u7406\u8bba\u754c\u7684\u82cf\u73ca\u00b7\u6851\u5854\u683c\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u5bc4\u4e66\u7ed9\u4ed6\u3002\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u5728\u540c\u6708\u91cc\u7684\u8986\u4fe1\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a<\/p>\n

Susan Sontag\u4e66\u5c1a\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u5176\u201cNotes on Camp\u201d\uff0c\u201cAgainst Interpretation\u201d\u7b49\u6587\uff0c\u5f1f\u65bcPartisan Anthology\u300120th-Century Lit.Crit.: A Reader\u4e2d\u8bfb\u8fc7\uff0c\u77dc\u5c0f\u806a\u660e\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e0d\u5931\u4e3a\u53ef\u89c2\u4e5f\u3002[34]<\/p>\n

\u8db3\u89c1\u5176\u5728\u76f8\u5bf9\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u6301\u5bf9\u5916\u754c\u5b66\u672f\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6000\u6709\u6279\u8bc4\u7684\uff08critical\uff09\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u6765\u63a5\u89e6\u65b0\u5b66\u65b0\u77e5\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e00\u5473\u6c42\u65b0\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u4e8b\u4f8b\uff0c\u5728\u540e\u6765\u4eba\u7684\u8ffd\u5fc6\u4e2d\u9648\u8ff0\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u91cd\u590d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u5728\u725b\u6d25\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u5bfc\u5e08\uff08Herbert Francis Brett Brett-Smith\uff09\u4ee5\u6587\u672c\u6821\u7406\u800c\u89c1\u957f\uff0c\u5176\u6cbb\u5b66\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6709\u4e24\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u5173\u6ce8what the text says\u800c\u975ewhat the text means\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u4e3b\u5f20\u5e7f\u6cdb\u501f\u52a9\u4f20\u8bb0\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u53f2\u548c\u8f9e\u4e66\u7b49\u624b\u6bb5\u7814\u7a76\u6587\u5b66\u4f5c\u54c1[35]\u3002\u524d\u8005\u662f\u4ed6\u6821\u52d8\u5bb6\u7684\u672c\u4e8b\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5219\u662f\u4ece\u638c\u6545\u3001\u6e0a\u6e90\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u53ca\u8bed\u5883\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u4e2d\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0e\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u9605\u8bfb\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u535a\u6742\u4e60\u60ef\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bfb\u4e66\u7b14\u8bb0\u7684\u7cbe\u7ec6\u8bc4\u6ce8\u7279\u8272\u90fd\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u4e9b\u5173\u8054\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5982\u4e0a\u6587\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u672c\u4eba\u663e\u7136\u66f4\u4e3a\u5f3a\u8c03\u4fee\u8f9e\u547d\u610f\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0e\u6587\u5b57\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u6d3b\u52a8\u6216\u7cbe\u795e\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u4fee\u8f9e\u547d\u610f\u4e43\u662f\u54c1\u9274\u6587\u827a\u4e2d\u56e0\u5faa\u8e48\u88ad\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u9ad8\u4e0b\u4e4b\u5206\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e0d\u540c\u6c11\u65cf\u8bed\u8a00\u6587\u5316\u95f4\u76f8\u901a\u7684\u6784\u601d\u89c4\u5f8b\u4e4b\u540c\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u76ee\u4e4b\u66f0\u201c\u6e0a\u6e90\u5b66\u201d[36]\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u7279\u522b\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u4ee5chronology\u4e00\u8bcd\u6765\u8868\u8ff0\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u6e0a\u6e90\u5b66\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6e90\u81ea\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u7684chronologia\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u662f\u5728\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u65af\u5361\u5229\u6770\u5c14\uff08Joseph Scaliger\uff09\u7684\u6062\u5b8f\u5de8\u8457\u300a\u6b63\u65f6\u8bba\u300b\uff08De emendatione temporum\uff0c1583\uff09\u4e2d\u6b63\u5f0f\u786e\u7acb\u5176\u73b0\u4ee3\u5b66\u672f\u542b\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u6307\u5c06\u5386\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4ee5\u6c42\u771f\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u6392\u5217\u5176\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u68c0\u9a8c\u53f2\u4e8b\u7684\u5148\u540e\u5173\u8054\u3002\u63a8\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u6b64\u5904\u7528\u610f\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5c06\u4fee\u8f9e\u4e0a\u7684\u624d\u601d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u5177\u6709\u5386\u53f2\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u5728\u5386\u4ee3\u4e0d\u540c\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0d\u540c\u4f5c\u5bb6\u90a3\u91cc\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u5c06\u4e4b\u5efa\u7acb\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f70\u663e\u540c\u7c7b\u4fee\u8f9e\u624b\u6cd5\u7684\u5148\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u4ea7\u751f\u96f7\u540c\u3001\u6697\u88ad\u3001\u7ffb\u6848\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u6e0a\u6e90\u5b66\u201d\u5e76\u4e0d\u5355\u7eaf\u662f\u201c\u6765\u6e90\u8003\u201d\uff08\u5373source criticism\u6216Quellenkritik\uff09\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u5373\u67d0\u90e8\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u53bb\u53d1\u6398\u5176\u4fee\u8f9e\u521b\u610f\u7684\u6765\u7531\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u5e0c\u814a\u7f57\u9a6c\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u9605\u8bfb\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fbf\u4e8e\u4ed6\u5728\u8fd1\u4e16\u6b27\u6d32\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u6587\u5b66\u9605\u8bfb\u4e2d\u89e3\u51b3\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u63a5\u53d7\u201d\u7814\u7a76\u6216\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9700\u8981\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u63d0\u51fa\u6b64\u201c\u6e0a\u6e90\u5b66\u201d\u4e00\u8bf4\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u8981\u6500\u9644\u897f\u65b9\u53e4\u5178\u5b66\u672f\u4f20\u7edf\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u6d41\u9732\u51fa\u5bf9\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7248\u672c\u5b66\u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u5b66\u3001\u53e4\u6587\u4e66\u5b66\u7684\u538c\u70e6\u60c5\u7eea\u3002\u300a\u7ba1\u9525\u7f16\u300b\u8fd8\u66fe\u4ee5\u72c4\u5c14\u6cf0\u201c\u9610\u91ca\u4e4b\u5faa\u73af\u201d\u4e00\u8bf4\u6279\u8bc4\u4e7e\u5609\u201c\u6734\u5b66\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6613\u6d41\u4e8e\u504f\u67af\uff0c\u6d1e\u6089\u6234\u9707\u9664\u4e86\u8bf4\u201c\u7531\u6587\u5b57\u4ee5\u901a\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7531\u8bed\u8a00\u4ee5\u901a\u4e4e\u53e4\u5723\u8d24\u4e4b\u5fc3\u5fd7\u201d\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bf4\u201c\u5f97\u5176\u5fd7\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u4e4e\u5176\u8bcd\u201d[37]\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5e94\u8be5\u201c\u901a\u89c2\u4e00\u4f53\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bba\u8bf4\u9053\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u6216\u5e76\u987b\u6653\u4f1a\u4f5c\u8005\u7acb\u8a00\u4e4b\u5b97\u5c1a\u3001\u5f53\u65f6\u6d41\u884c\u4e4b\u6587\u98ce\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fee\u8bcd\u5f02\u5b9c\u4e4b\u8457\u8ff0\u4f53\u88c1\uff0c\u65b9\u6982\u77e5\u5168\u7bc7\u6216\u5168\u4e66\u4e4b\u6307\u5f52[38]\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u6587\u732e\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a\u5b97\u65e8\u7684\u53e4\u5178\u5b66\u6216\u6821\u52d8\u5b66\u6280\u827a\uff0c\u5176\u7cbe\u6df1\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0e\u6587\u5b66\u8d4f\u9274\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u9886\u4f1a\u5e76\u4e0d\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u76f8\u8f85\u76f8\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u201c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8003\u636e\uff08high criticism\uff09\u201d\u3002\u8457\u540d\u6587\u732e\u5b66\u5bb6\u8c6a\u65af\u66fc\uff08Alfred Edward Housman\uff09\uff0c\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u66fe\u8bfb\u8fc7\u5176\u4f20\u8bb0\u3001\u4e66\u4fe1\u3001\u8bd7\u96c6\u548c\u8bba\u6587\u96c6\uff0c\u6b64\u4eba\u5584\u4e8e\u7a7f\u900f\u6587\u672c\u53bb\u201c\u60f3\u4f5c\u8005\u6240\u60f3\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u9ad8\u660e\u7684\u63a8\u6d4b\u5f0f\u7406\u6821\u6765\u8fd8\u539f\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u540e\u4eba\u8bc4\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u4ed6\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u6821\u52d8\u5bb6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u4f4d\u8bd7\u4eba\u201d[39]\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u89c2\u4e4b\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u7231\u597d\u4e2d\u897f\u53e4\u5178\u5b66\u672f\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u96be\u4ee5\u4e7e\u5609\u8003\u636e\u5b66\u6216\u662f\u897f\u65b9\u53e4\u5178\u5b66\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u5bf9\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u8fdb\u884c\u5321\u8303\u548c\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db<\/p>\n

\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u94b1\u953a\u4e66\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u521b\u4f5c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8da3\u5473\u5173\u7cfb\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u987b\u7565\u52a0\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e00\u4e8c\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u6307\u6458\u6b64\u4e66\u672a\u7ecf\u70b9\u5316\u5730\u5f84\u76f4\u6284\u7528\u4ed6\u4e66\u6750\u6599\u7279\u522b\u591a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u4e00\u6307\u6458\u610f\u89c1\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u7ffb\u8fc7\u6765\u5ba1\u89c6\u300a\u56f4\u57ce\u300b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u540e\u8005\u7684\u786e\u5728\u5c0f\u8bf4\u7684\u827a\u672f\u521b\u9020\u529b\u65b9\u9762\u5927\u6709\u5efa\u6811[49]\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u521b\u4f5c\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u6e0a\u6e90\u5b66\u201d\u5927\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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