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Shrecker)\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5c0620\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u7684\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e3b\u4e49\u89c6\u4f5c\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u53cd\u6fc0\u8fdb\u4e3b\u4e49\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\uff0c\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f20\u7edf\u5728\u7279\u6b8a\u5386\u53f2\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u6781\u7aef\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u65bd\u96f7\u514b\u8fd0\u7528\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6587\u732e\u6750\u6599\u8bc1\u660e\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ece\u56fd\u4f1a\u5230\u793e\u533a\u59cb\u7ec8\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u53cd\u5171\u7f51\u7edc\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u58f0\u540d\u9e4a\u8d77\u4e4b\u524d\u5230\u9eef\u7136\u79bb\u573a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u6709\u53cd\u5171\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u4ece1919\u5e74\u53f8\u6cd5\u90e8\u7a81\u51fb\u641c\u67e5\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5c06\u6fc0\u8fdb\u5206\u5b50\u9012\u89e3\u51fa\u5883\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5236\u8ba2\u548c\u673a\u6784\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u9650\u5236\u548c\u9547\u538b\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u673a\u5236\u30021945\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5185\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u5404\u7c7b\u53cd\u5171\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u7edd\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4f46\u6027\u8d28\u5374\u4e0e\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e3b\u4e49\u975e\u5e38\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u5f0f\u884c\u52a8\u57281950\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u6709\uff0c\u57281954\u5e74\u4e4b\u540e\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e5f\u5e76\u975e\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u5728\u56fd\u4f1a\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u8086\u610f\u5984\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u6c11\u95f4\u5c42\u9762\u6709\u7740\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u6c11\u610f\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4ec5\u51ed\u4e2a\u4eba\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5f15\u8d77\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u9707\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4ed6\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u662f\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u63a8\u6ce2\u52a9\u6f9c\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4ed6\u5c06\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4eba\u58eb\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u8038\u4eba\u542c\u95fb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u8fce\u5408\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u6c11\u4f17\u5bf9\u82cf\u8054\u95f4\u8c0d\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5173\u5207\uff1b\u4ed6\u5229\u7528\u548c\u84c4\u610f\u5f15\u5bfc\u5f25\u6f2b\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5bf9\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6050\u60e7\u60c5\u7eea\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u91ce\u5fc3\u3002\u5728\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e3b\u4e49\u76db\u884c\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0e\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u6709\u5173\u7cfb\u4e3a\u7531\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u65e0\u7aef\u6307\u63a7\u548c\u523b\u610f\u6b6a\u66f2\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5c61\u89c1\u4e0d\u9c9c\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u5f0f\u884c\u52a8\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u53cd\u5171\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5404\u7c7b\u89c4\u6a21\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u4e00\u3001\u6210\u5458\u6765\u6e90\u7eb7\u7e41\u590d\u6742\u7684\u53cd\u5171\u56e2\u4f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\uff08American Legion\uff09\u662f\u6700\u4e3a\u6d3b\u8dc3\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5bf9\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u65e2\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u5176\u4e2d\u516c\u6c11\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8bd5\u56fe\u4ee5\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ee5\u519b\u56e2\u5185\u90e8\u520a\u7269\u53ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u5730\u65b9\u62a5\u7eb8\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u539f\u59cb\u6750\u6599\u7684\u89e3\u8bfb\uff0c\u63a2\u8ba8\u4fdd\u5b88\u56e2\u4f53\u5982\u4f55\u53c2\u4e0e\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u53cd\u5171\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5398\u6e05\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u51b7\u6218\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0e\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u6297\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u800c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u63d0\u4f9b\u517b\u5206\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e00\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4e0e\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u5927\u7684\u9000\u4f0d\u519b\u4eba\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u540e\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u7f8e\u56fd\u9000\u4f0d\u519b\u4eba\u53d7\u5230\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7b49\u6fc0\u8fdb\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u201c\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u767e\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u3002\u5728\u5438\u7eb3\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u9000\u4f0d\u519b\u4eba\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u89c4\u6a21\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u57281949\u5e74\u5176\u4eba\u6570\u8fbe\u5230\u7ea6400\u4e07\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3e\u8db3\u8f7b\u91cd\u7684\u4e00\u652f\u6c11\u95f4\u653f\u6cbb\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u57281919\uff5e1920\u5e74\u7684\u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7ea2\u8272\u6050\u60e7\u201d(the First Red Scare)\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u57281950\uff5e1954\u5e74\u7684\u201c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u7ea2\u8272\u6050\u60e7\u201d\uff08the Second Red Scare\uff09\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u7ea2\u8272\u6050\u60e7\u201d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\uff0c\u5b83\u5229\u7528\u5176\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u6210\u5458\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u81ea\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u6c11\u95f4\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u90fd\u5bf9\u201c\u7ea2\u8272\u6050\u60e7\u201d\u7684\u8513\u5ef6\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u65e0\u53ef\u6bd4\u62df\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u672c\u4eba\u4e5f\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u519b\u56e2\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u5bc6\u5207\u8054\u7cfb\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u65f6\u671f\u66fe\u5728\u6d77\u519b\u9646\u6218\u961f\u670d\u5f79\uff0c\u56e0\u4e00\u5f20\u4e0e\u98de\u673a\u5c3e\u70ae\u7684\u5408\u5f71\u83b7\u5f97\u201c\u5c3e\u70ae\u624b\u4e54\u201d\uff08Tailgunner Joe\uff09\u7684\u7ef0\u53f7\u3002\u4ed6\u9000\u4f0d\u540e\u52a0\u5165\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u9000\u4f0d\u519b\u4eba\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u8d44\u672c\u6210\u4e3a\u5a01\u65af\u5eb7\u661f\u5dde\u56fd\u4f1a\u53c2\u8bae\u5458\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u60e0\u7075\u6f14\u8bf4\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u56fd\u4f1a\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u519b\u56e2\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u90fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u5f15\u4eba\u6ce8\u76ee\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u540d\u58f0\u5927\u566a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u624d\u5728\u5168\u7f8e\u5404\u5730\u56db\u5904\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u6269\u5927\u4e2a\u4eba\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u5404\u5730\u7684\u7ad9\u70b9\u662f\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb2\u6f14\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u573a\u6240\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u7531\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ad9\u70b9\u6307\u6325\u51fa\u9762\u9080\u8bf7\u4ed6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8be5\u7ad9\u70b9\u53ec\u96c6\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u53ca\u53d1\u52a8\u793e\u533a\u6c11\u4f17\u53c2\u4e0e\u542c\u8bb2\u3002\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u519b\u56e2\u4e50\u610f\u770b\u5230\u4e0e\u5b83\u653f\u89c1\u76f8\u6295\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u5e7f\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u519b\u56e2\u8fc5\u901f\u5229\u7528\u5316\u8eab\u4e3a\u201c\u82f1\u96c4\u201d\u7684\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u6765\u5ba3\u626c\u5b83\u4e00\u8d2f\u575a\u6301\u7684\u53cd\u5171\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4e0e\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u4f5c\u5404\u53d6\u6240\u9700\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u501f\u7ef4\u62a4\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u5b9e\u73b0\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4e0e\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u9080\u8bf7\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u53c2\u52a0\u519b\u56e2\u5728\u5404\u5730\u4e3e\u529e\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5206\u652f\u904d\u5e03\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7ecf\u5e38\u4e3e\u529e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7e41\u591a\u7684\u96c6\u4f1a\uff0c\u800c\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53cd\u5171\u6807\u5fd7\u6027\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u5219\u88ab\u519b\u56e2\u9891\u7e41\u5730\u9080\u4e3a\u5609\u5bbe\u53d1\u8868\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u519b\u56e2\u751a\u81f3\u591a\u6b21\u7ed9\u4ed6\u9881\u53d1\u5956\u7ae0\u3002\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u6700\u591a\u7684\u52cb\u7ae0\u662f\u519b\u56e2\u5404\u5206\u90e8\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u8363\u8a89\u52cb\u7ae0\u201d\u3002\u5177\u6709\u8bbd\u523a\u610f\u5473\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u66fe\u83b7\u5f97\u8fc7\u4eba\u6743\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5956\u7ae0\u30021953\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4f0a\u5229\u8bfa\u4f0a\u5206\u90e8\u5c31\u66fe\u7ed9\u4ed6\u9881\u53d1\u4eba\u6743\u5956\u7ae0\uff0c\u5956\u52b1\u201c\u4ed6\u5728\u56fd\u4f1a\u63ed\u9732\u2018\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u519b\u2019\u6218\u4fd8\u5728\u671d\u9c9c\u6218\u573a\u88ab\u8650\u5f85\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u3002\u6bcf\u9022\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u53d1\u8868\u6f14\u8bb2\uff0c\u519b\u56e2\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8981\u6c42\u6210\u5458\u79ef\u6781\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u9f13\u52b1\u793e\u533a\u6c11\u4f17\u524d\u5f80\u542c\u8bb2\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u57281954\u5e746\u67089\u65e5\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u88ab\u9646\u519b\u90e8\u5f8b\u5e08\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u97e6\u5c14\u5947\uff08Joseph 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Day\uff1aU.S. Way\uff09\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5e94\u5f53\u4ee5\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u65b9\u5f0f\u770b\u5f85\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u4e0d\u8981\u9677\u5165\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u9677\u9631\u201d\u3002\u519b\u56e2\u57281955\u5e74\u628a\u52b3\u52a8\u8282\u201c\u53bb\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5316\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3b\u9898\u8ba8\u8bba\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e86\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u5728\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u6295\u7968\u8c34\u8d23\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4ecd\u7136\u575a\u6301\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53cd\u5171\u7684\u65d7\u5e1c\u6027\u4eba\u7269\u6240\u53d7\u5230\u7684\u6000\u7591\u5e76\u975e\u6e90\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u54c1\u8d28\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6e90\u4e8e\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u201c\u9634\u8c0b\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u519b\u56e2\u62d2\u7edd\u52a0\u5165\u8c34\u8d23\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u7684\u884c\u5217\u3002\u57281954\u5e7412\u67081\u65e5\u7684\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u3001\u5bbe\u5915\u6cd5\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u53c2\u8bae\u5458\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u00b7\u9a6c\u4e01\uff08Edward Martin\uff09\u5e76\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u8c34\u8d23\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u5c55\u5f00\u662f\u5426\u5bf9\u201c\u53cd\u5171\u6597\u58eb\u201d\u8fdb\u884c\u8c34\u8d23\u7684\u8fa9\u8bba\u662f\u201c\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7f9e\u8fb1\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4f55\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5982\u6b64\u575a\u5b9a\u5730\u652f\u6301\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\uff1f\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u5e94\u5f53\u662f\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u7684\u53cd\u5171\u4e3b\u5f20\u5951\u5408\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7684\u4e00\u8d2f\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u624d\u5f97\u5230\u519b\u56e2\u7684\u9752\u7750\u4e0e\u8892\u62a4\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u66f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5bf9\u5baa\u653f\u4f53\u5236\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u8ba4\u540c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u4e0b\u4ea7\u751f\u52a8\u6447\u3002\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e24\u6b21\u201c\u7ea2\u8272\u6050\u60e7\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c1919\u5e74\u201c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7ea2\u8272\u6050\u60e7\u201d\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\uff0c\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u8fd8\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u5a01\u80c1\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u201c\u7ea2\u8272\u6050\u60e7\u201d\u57281920\u5e74\u4fbf\u5df2\u57fa\u672c\u6d88\u6563\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u7ea2\u8272\u6050\u60e7\u201d\u5728\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u5931\u52bf\u4e4b\u540e\u4e5f\u672a\u6d88\u5931\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5df2\u7ecf\u666e\u904d\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u5c40\u52bf\u606f\u606f\u76f8\u5173\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u4e00\u4e3e\u4e00\u52a8\u90fd\u7275\u52a8\u7740\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u82cf\u8054\u89e3\u4f53\u3002\u5f53\u8eab\u4e3a\u53c2\u8bae\u5458\u7684\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u629b\u51fa\u8038\u4eba\u542c\u95fb\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u65f6\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5e76\u4e0d\u53bb\u8fdb\u884c\u8c28\u614e\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3001\u9274\u522b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6beb\u4e0d\u72b9\u8c6b\u5730\u652f\u6301\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u8feb\u5728\u7709\u776b\u7684\u5371\u9669\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5e76\u65e0\u8bc1\u636e\u663e\u793a\u4ed6\u7684\u60e0\u7075\u6f14\u8bf4\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u540c\u4e3a\u9000\u4f0d\u519b\u4eba\uff0c\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e0e\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u5728\u53cd\u5171\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u548c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u516c\u6c11\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5728\u53cd\u5171\u5b9e\u8df5\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5efa\u7acb\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u8e48\u4e4b\u524d\u9000\u4f0d\u519b\u4eba\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5377\u5165\u653f\u515a\u653f\u6cbb\u65cb\u6da1\u7684\u8986\u8f99\uff0c\u5ba3\u79f0\u5b83\u4e0d\u6d89\u8db3\u653f\u6cbb\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u653f\u6cbb\u6307\u7684\u662f\u515a\u6d3e\u653f\u6cbb\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u56fd\u5185\u653f\u6cbb\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u519b\u56e2\u5e76\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u770b\u5230\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5171\u548c\u515a\u53c2\u8bae\u5458\u7684\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u5728\u5ba3\u626c\u53cd\u5171\u7406\u5ff5\u65f6\u5bf9\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u8fdb\u884c\u515a\u6d3e\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u53d1\u8868\u6709\u653f\u515a\u504f\u89c1\u7684\u8bb2\u8bdd\u65f6\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4ed6\u52a0\u4ee5\u963b\u6b62\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u57281952\u5e74\u5a01\u65af\u5eb7\u661f\u5dde\u519b\u56e2\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u96c6\u4f1a\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u6d89\u53ca\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u4eba\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u8868\u793a\u53cd\u5bf9\u30021952\u5e74\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u603b\u7edf\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u963f\u5fb7\u83b1\u00b7\u53f2\u8482\u6587\u68ee\uff08Adlai Stevenson\uff09\u4e5f\u66fe\u5728\u519b\u56e2\u5168\u56fd\u5927\u4f1a\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u62a8\u51fb\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u7684\u8bb2\u8bdd\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u90fd\u4e50\u610f\u5728\u519b\u56e2\u96c6\u4f1a\u4e0a\u505a\u6f14\u8bb2\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5728\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u653f\u6cbb\u8bae\u9898\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8981\u6c42\u64a4\u6362\u56fd\u52a1\u537f\u8fea\u5b89\u00b7\u827e\u5947\u900a\uff08Dean Acheson\uff09\u3001\u5bf9\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u6beb\u4e0d\u59a5\u534f\u3001\u5c01\u9501\u201c\u7ea2\u8272\u4e2d\u56fd\u201d\u7b49\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4e0e\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u80fd\u591f\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u653b\u51fb\u6216\u8c34\u8d23\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4e0e\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u5bf9\u56fd\u52a1\u537f\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u9a6c\u6b47\u5c14\uff08George Marshall\uff09\u548c\u603b\u7edf\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u4e0a\uff0c\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u504f\u6fc0\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u8a00\u8bba\u5e76\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u9a6c\u6b47\u5c14\u548c\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u90fd\u662f\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u5bc6\u5207\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u4e5f\u66fe\u5938\u5956\u519b\u56e2\u201c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u89d2\u843d\u4e0d\u77e5\u75b2\u5026\u5730\u6253\u51fb\u7740\u98a0\u8986\u6d3b\u52a8\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e8c\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7684\u6027\u8d28<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e3b\u4e49\u53cd\u5171\u7f51\u7edc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u73af\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5177\u6709\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f18\u52bf\u5305\u62ec\u9000\u4f0d\u519b\u4eba\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4f18\u52bf\u3001\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u4eba\u6570\u4f17\u591a\u3001\u519b\u56e2\u6709\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u7684\u8054\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u520a\u7269\u3001\u90e8\u5206\u6210\u5458\u5728\u653f\u5546\u754c\u5360\u636e\u91cd\u8981\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4e0e\u5305\u62ec\u8054\u90a6\u8c03\u67e5\u5c40\u3001\u975e\u7f8e\u6d3b\u52a8\u8c03\u67e5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08House Committee to Investigate Un-American Activities\uff0cHUAC\uff09\u7b49\u673a\u6784\u90fd\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bb9\u6613\u4e0e\u5305\u62ec\u6d77\u5916\u6218\u4e89\u9000\u4f0d\u519b\u4eba\u534f\u4f1a\uff08Veterans of Foreign Wars\uff09\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4fdd\u5b88\u56e2\u4f53\u5c55\u5f00\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f18\u52bf\u4f7f\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e17\u5165\u6587\u5316\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u5c42\u7ea7\u8054\u52a8\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6df1\u5165\u793e\u533a\u3001\u6559\u5ba4\u704c\u8f93\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u6c11\u95f4\u5c42\u9762\u6700\u4e3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u81ea\u6210\u7acb\u4e4b\u65e5\u8d77\u4fbf\u56e0\u4eba\u6570\u4f17\u591a\u800c\u62e5\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5b83\u7684\u6210\u5458\u4eba\u6570\u591a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5176\u6210\u5458\u591a\u4e3a\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\uff0c\u9886\u5bfc\u5c42\u591a\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6C.\u8d56\u7279\u00b7\u7c73\u5c14\u65af\uff08C. Wright Mills\uff09\u6240\u79f0\u7684\u201c\u6743\u529b\u7cbe\u82f1\u201d\uff08power elite\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5728\u4e0a\u5c42\u653f\u754c\u6291\u6216\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u57fa\u5c42\u90fd\u62e5\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8bdd\u8bed\u6743\u3002\u675c\u9c81\u95e8\u548c\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u90fd\u662f\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u3002\u5728\u56fd\u4f1a\u53ca\u5dde\u8bae\u4f1a\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u4e5f\u5360\u636e\u4e86\u76f8\u5f53\u591a\u7684\u5e2d\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u62e5\u6709300\u591a\u4e07\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u81ea\u6210\u7acb\u4f0a\u59cb\u4fbf\u51fa\u7248\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u520a\u7269\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5468\u520a\u300b\uff08The American Legion Weekly\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u8054\u7edc\u5404\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5ba3\u4f20\u53cd\u5171\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\uff08The American Legion Magazine\uff09\u6708\u520a\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u53d6\u4ee3\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5468\u520a\u300b\u6210\u4e3a\u519b\u56e2\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5ba3\u4f20\u5de5\u5177\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u6709\u8bc4\u8bba\u6587\u7ae0\u3001\u6218\u4e89\u6545\u4e8b\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u6545\u4e8b\u3001\u65f6\u653f\u65b0\u95fb\u3001\u519b\u4e8b\u6d88\u606f\u548c\u6f2b\u753b\u3001\u8bd7\u6b4c\u7b49\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u5021\u5bfc\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u767d\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ee5\u7537\u6027\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u5f02\u6027\u604b\u5bb6\u5ead\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u6742\u5fd7\u520a\u8f7d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u5927\u591a\u662f\u63ed\u793a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u201c\u8c2c\u8bef\u201d\u3001\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u201c\u9634\u8c0b\u201d\u53ca\u5176\u8fd0\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u3002\u5728\u51b7\u6218\u6108\u6f14\u6108\u70c8\u7684\u5f62\u52bf\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5f00\u59cb\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u8d8b\u52bf\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u6458\u8981\u300b\uff08Summary of Trends and Development\uff09\u5468\u520a,\u540e\u6765\u8be5\u5468\u520a\u6539\u540d\u4e3a\u300a\u4ea4\u706b\u7ebf\u300b\uff08Firing Line\uff09\uff0c\u8ba2\u8d39\u4e3a\u6bcf\u5e74\u4e09\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u300a\u4ea4\u706b\u7ebf\u300b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5927\u591a\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6240\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u975e\u7f8e\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee5\u65b0\u95fb\u7b80\u62a5\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u66f4\u5feb\u6377\u5730\u520a\u8f7d\u53cd\u98a0\u8986\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53d1\u5e03\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u52a8\u5411\uff0c\u901a\u77e5\u5168\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u63d0\u9ad8\u8b66\u60d5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4f5c\u4e3a\u516c\u6c11\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u6c11\u95f4\u5c42\u9762\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e0e\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u8054\u90a6\u8c03\u67e5\u5c40\u548c\u975e\u7f8e\u6d3b\u52a8\u8c03\u67e5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u957f\u671f\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u6c11\u95f4\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fbe\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u8054\u90a6\u673a\u6784\u548c\u6c11\u95f4\u56e2\u4f53\u5c55\u5f00\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u6e05\u67e5\u4e0d\u5fe0\u8bda\u5206\u5b50\u53ca\u5176\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4e0e\u8054\u90a6\u8c03\u67e5\u5c40\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u5173\u7cfb\u5bc6\u5207\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u80e1\u4f5b\u5728\u5185\u7684\u591a\u4f4d\u8054\u90a6\u8c03\u67e5\u5c40\u5b98\u5458\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u5173\u7cfb\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u80e1\u4f5b\u8fd8\u4eb2\u81ea\u4e3a1966\u5e74\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u8d5e\u52a9\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u96f7\u8499\u5fb7\u00b7\u83ab\u5229(Raymond Moley)\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4f5c\u5e8f\uff0c\u8d5e\u626c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4e0e\u8054\u90a6\u8c03\u67e5\u5c40\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u674e\u00b7\u4f69\u5b81\uff08Lee Penning\uff09\u66fe\u662f\u8054\u90a6\u8c03\u67e5\u5c40\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7279\u5de5\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u540d\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u7684\u9000\u4f0d\u519b\u4eba\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\uff0c1954\u5e74\u9000\u4f11\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u66fe\u662f\u8054\u90a6\u8c03\u67e5\u5c40\u5b98\u5458\u7684\u5361\u8428\u00b7\u5fb7\u7f57\u9a70\uff08Cartha Deloach\uff09\u57281959\u5e74\u62c5\u4efb\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5bf9\u5916\u5173\u7cfb\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4efb\u3002\u957f\u671f\u62c5\u4efb\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4efb\u7684\u970d\u9ed8\u00b7L.\u67f4\u52b3\u514b\u65af\uff08Homer L. Chaillaux\uff09\u4e5f\u66fe\u591a\u6b21\u4e0e\u8054\u90a6\u8c03\u67e5\u5c40\u4eba\u5458\u4f1a\u6664\u5546\u8c08\uff0c\u4ea4\u6d41\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u4e66\u4fe1\u5f80\u6765\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u3001\u8054\u90a6\u8c03\u67e5\u5c40\u4e0e\u5305\u62ec\u975e\u7f8e\u6d3b\u52a8\u8c03\u67e5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5728\u5185\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u6709\u5173\u5fe0\u8bda\u5ba1\u67e5\u7684\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5728\u53cd\u5171\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u5f00\u5c55\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u8054\u90a6\u8c03\u67e5\u5c40\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u501f\u8c03\u7279\u5de5\u4f9b\u56fd\u4f1a\u5b89\u6392\u8c03\u67e5\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5219\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5e38\u5411\u975e\u7f8e\u6d3b\u52a8\u8c03\u67e5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u901a\u62a5\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u6d3e\u4eba\u5230\u573a\u4f5c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4e0e\u8054\u90a6\u8c03\u67e5\u5c40\u5f00\u5c55\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6210\u4e3a\u8054\u90a6\u8c03\u67e5\u5c40\u7684\u5916\u5728\u5ef6\u4f38\u548c\u8f85\u52a9\u673a\u6784\u30021940\u5e74\u968f\u7740\u56fd\u9645\u5c40\u52bf\u7684\u7d27\u5f20\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5411\u65f6\u4efb\u53f8\u6cd5\u90e8\u957f\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u6770\u514b\u900a\uff08Robert Jackson\uff09\u5efa\u8bae\u62db\u52df\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u505a\u7ebf\u4eba\uff08informer\uff09\u3002\u6770\u514b\u900a\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u63d0\u8bae\uff0c\u5e76\u8b66\u544a\u8bf4\uff0c\u62db\u52df\u8fd9\u4e9b\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u505a\u7ebf\u4eba\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u201c\u7fa4\u4f53\u66b4\u529b\u548c\u6050\u614c\u201d\u3002\u5728\u5f97\u77e5\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u8054\u90a6\u8c03\u67e5\u5c40\u5b98\u5458\u79ef\u6781\u6e38\u8bf4\u6770\u514b\u900a\uff0c\u9610\u53d1\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u76ca\u5904\uff1a\u62e5\u67091.1\u4e07\u591a\u4e2a\u7ad9\u70b9\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u53f8\u6cd5\u90e8\u95e8\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u76d1\u89c6\u95f4\u8c0d\u3001\u7834\u574f\u3001\u98a0\u8986\u3001\u975e\u7f8e\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5371\u5bb3\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5f97\u5230\u6770\u514b\u900a\u7684\u540c\u610f\u540e\uff0c\u80e1\u4f5b\u8fc5\u901f\u4ed8\u8bf8\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u201c\u56fd\u9632\u79d8\u5bc6\u7ebf\u4eba\uff08Confidential National Defense 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Day\uff09\u53d6\u4ee3\u52b3\u52a8\u8282\u7684\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u30021948\u5e745\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u7531\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u6e38\u884c\u961f\u4f0d\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u3001\u6d77\u5916\u6218\u4e89\u9000\u4f0d\u519b\u4eba\u534f\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u548c\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u5de5\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u6784\u6210\u7684\u961f\u4f0d\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u8857\u5934\u5bf9\u5cd9\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u4eba\u6570\u76f8\u5f53\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u88ab\u6570\u767e\u540d\u8b66\u5bdf\u9694\u5f00\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u5c31\u5404\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u5c55\u5f00\u4e89\u8bba\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u53d1\u51fa\u53f7\u53ec\uff0c\u79f0\u201c\u5c45\u5fc3\u53f5\u6d4b\u7684\u66b4\u5f92\u201d\u5728\u52b3\u52a8\u8282\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u666e\u901a\u7684\u52b3\u5de5\u6e38\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u201c\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u72c2\u6b22\u201d\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5c06\u52b3\u52a8\u8282\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u6d3b\u52a8\u89c6\u4e3a\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5404\u5730\u6210\u5458\u79ef\u6781\u7ec4\u7ec7\u201c\u5fe0\u8bda\u65e5\u201d\u6e38\u884c\uff0c\u201c\u9a71\u6563\u52b3\u52a8\u8282\u6563\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u975e\u7f8e\u6c14\u6c1b\u201d\u30021950\u5e74\u5df2\u6709\u5305\u62ec\u7ebd\u7ea6\u3001\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5728\u5185\u7684\u7ea6400\u4e2a\u5e02\u9547\u52a0\u5165\u5e86\u795d\u201c\u5fe0\u8bda\u65e5\u201d\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u4e3b\u5e72\u9053\u4e3e\u884c\u4e86\u58f0\u52bf\u6d69\u5927\u7684\u7eaa\u5ff5\u201c\u5fe0\u8bda\u65e5\u201d\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u6570\u767e\u540d\u7ae5\u5b50\u519b\u6325\u821e\u7740\u7f8e\u56fd\u65d7\u5e1c\u8d70\u5728\u524d\u5217\uff0c\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u519b\u4e50\u961f\u7d27\u968f\u5176\u540e\uff0c\u961f\u4f0d\u4e2d\u95f4\u6709\u88c5\u626e\u6210\u54e5\u8428\u514b\u9a91\u5175\u7684\u4fc4\u56fd\u4eba\u53cd\u5171\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08Russian anti-Communist Center)\u548c\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5b66\u6821\u4e50\u961f\uff0c\u5404\u7c7b\u201c\u5fe0\u8bda\u65e5\u201d\u652f\u6301\u8005\u624b\u6267\u56fd\u65d7\u8fdb\u884c\u6e38\u884c\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u7231\u56fd\u70ed\u60c5\u3002\u5728\u5ba3\u626c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u5fe0\u8bda\u65e5\u201d\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u52b3\u52a8\u8282\u7684\u7eaa\u5ff5\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u65e5\u6e10\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u5f15\u8d77\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u30021955\u5e745\u67081\u65e5\uff0c\u827e\u68ee\u8c6a\u5a01\u5c14\u603b\u7edf\u5ba3\u5e03\u4e3e\u884c\u5168\u56fd\u201c\u5fe0\u8bda\u65e5\u201d\u5e86\u795d\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u7684\u5efa\u7b51\u8981\u5728\u5f53\u5929\u60ac\u6302\u56fd\u65d7\u3002\u201c\u5fe0\u8bda\u65e5\u201d\u57281958\u5e74\u88ab\u56fd\u4f1a\u6b63\u5f0f\u786e\u7acb\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u8282\u65e5\u3002\u4ee5\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u53cd\u5171\u56e2\u4f53\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5c06\u52b3\u52a8\u8282\u6324\u51fa\u4e86\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e76\u4ee3\u4e4b\u4ee5\u5ba3\u626c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8282\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u51b7\u6218\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e3b\u4e49\u5174\u8d77\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u5f85\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u5206\u6b67\u9010\u6e10\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a20\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u7f8e\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e90\u5934\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5bf9\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u5e76\u65e0\u7406\u8bba\u8d21\u732e\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5374\u662f\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u5c42\u9762\u771f\u6b63\u8d2f\u5f7b\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u57281950\u5e74\u8bbe\u60f3\u5c06\u5168\u56fd\u6240\u6709\u654c\u89c6\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u8054\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u7ed3\u6210\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5168\u56fd\u6027\u53cd\u5171\u7ec4\u7ec7\u30021950\u5e745\u670813\u65e5\u81f314\u65e5\uff0c\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7275\u5934\u5728\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u53ec\u5f00\u4e86\u5168\u7f8e\u53cd\u5171\u5927\u4f1a\uff08All-American Conference to Combat Communism\uff09\u3002\u7ea6\u670960\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u6b64\u6b21\u5927\u4f1a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5305\u62ec\u7f8e\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\u3001\u5168\u56fd\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u534f\u4f1a\uff08National Catholic Conference\uff09\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u72ee\u5b50\u4f1a\uff08Lions International\uff09\u3001\u5168\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u534f\u4f1a\uff08National Education Association\uff09\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u72b9\u592a\u4eba\u53cd\u5171\u8054\u76df\uff08American Jewish League Against Communism\uff09\uff0c\u201c\u4e8c\u6218\u6bcd\u4eb2\u201d\uff08Mothers of World War II\uff09\u7b49\uff0c\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7cbe\u795e\u300b\uff08The American Mercury\uff09\u7f16\u8f91H.L.\u95e8\u80af\uff08H.L. Mencken\uff09\u548c\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u8ba9\u00b7\u5185\u68ee\uff08George Jean Nathan\uff09\u3001\u56fd\u4f1a\u53c2\u8bae\u5458\u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u8499\u7279\uff08Karl Mundt\uff09\u548c\u591a\u4f4d\u653f\u754c\u4eba\u58eb\u4e5f\u53c2\u52a0\u4e86\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u58f0\u79f0\u4e0e\u4f1a\u516c\u6c11\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u6210\u5458\u52a0\u8d77\u6765\u7ea6\u67098000\u4e07\u4eba\uff0c\u201c\u6070\u5982\u5176\u5206\u5730\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e86\u5168\u7f8e\uff08All-American\uff09\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u201d\u3002\u300a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5148\u9a71\u62a5\u300b\uff08Christian Herald\uff09\u4e3b\u7f16\u3001\u7267\u5e08\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u6ce2\u6797\uff08Daniel A. 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Lattimore)\uff0c\u79f0\u4ed6\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u201c\u5931\u53bb\u4e2d\u56fd \u201d\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u5143\u51f6\u548c\u201c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6c99\u4fc4\u95f4\u8c0d\u201d\uff0c\u62c9\u94c1\u6469\u5c14\u5728\u5176\u4f4f\u6240\u88ab\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u591a\u6b21\u8d28\u95ee\u8bd8\u96be\u3002\u5b8b\u7f8e\u9f84\u66fe\u63a5\u53d7\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7684\u4e13\u8bbf\uff0c\u5e76\u767b\u4e0a\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6742\u5fd7\u300b1953\u5e748\u6708\u53f7\u7684\u5c01\u9762\u3002\u82f1\u6587\u6d41\u5229\u7684\u5b8b\u7f8e\u9f84\u8fd8\u5728\u5f53\u671f\u53d1\u8868\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5728\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u5979\u5c06\u8d25\u9000\u5230\u53f0\u6e7e\u5c9b\u7684\u848b\u4ecb\u77f3\u653f\u6743\u63cf\u7ed8\u6210\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8005\uff0c\u628a\u53f0\u6e7e\u6bd4\u4f5c\u4e9a\u6d32\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u706f\u5854\u3002\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u5145\u6ee1\u6d53\u539a\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u91d1\u65e5\u6210\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u671d\u9c9c\u4eba\u6c11\u519b\u88ab\u5851\u9020\u6210\u86ee\u6a2a\u66b4\u623e\u7684\u6076\u68cd\uff0c\u800c\u7f8e\u519b\u5219\u662f\u7ed9\u671d\u9c9c\u4eba\u6c11\u5e26\u53bb\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u201c\u9ea6\u742a\u201d\uff08Magi\uff09\u3002\u8d8a\u5357\u4e89\u53d6\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u89e3\u653e\u6218\u4e89\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5f62\u5bb9\u4e3a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u201c\u4fb5\u72af\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u6cd5\u519b\u5219\u662f\u634d\u536b\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u201d\u7684\u52c7\u58eb\u3002\u5f17\u6717\u54e5\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u7edf\u6cbb\u4e0b\u7684\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u4e5f\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u53d9\u8ff0\u6210\u6297\u51fb\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u524d\u7ebf\u3002\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u5c40\u52bf\u5145\u6ee1\u504f\u89c1\u7684\u62a5\u9053\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5c06\u4e16\u754c\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u9635\u8425\u548c\u4ee5\u82cf\u8054\u4e3a\u9996\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u9635\u8425\uff0c\u5b83\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ef4\u62a4\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc5\u987b\u627f\u62c5\u8d77\u9886\u5bfc\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u4e16\u754c\u201d\u7684\u91cd\u4efb\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u4e4c\u4e91\u201d\u5c06\u4f1a\u906e\u853d\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u540e\u4e5f\u4f1a\u65e0\u6cd5\u201c\u5e78\u514d\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u6216\u8005\u9a9a\u4e71\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5f52\u5165\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u4e16\u754c\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e16\u754c\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8f83\u91cf\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u4e9a\u975e\u62c9\u5730\u533a\u4e89\u53d6\u6c11\u65cf\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u6297\u4e89\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b83\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e3a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u201c\u4fb5\u5bb3\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u9634\u8c0b\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u7535\u5f71\u5de5\u4e1a\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u4e4b\u540e\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u8fc5\u731b\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u770b\u7535\u5f71\u6210\u4e3a\u6b65\u5165\u6d88\u8d39\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u65b0\u5174\u5a31\u4e50\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7535\u5f71\u4e1a\u7684\u4ece\u4e1a\u8005\u5728\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u770b\u6765\u662f\u53d7\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u201c\u91cd\u707e\u533a\u201d\uff0c\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u53ca\u5176\u540c\u60c5\u8005\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8fdc\u8d85\u5176\u4ed6\u884c\u4e1a\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u597d\u83b1\u575e\u7535\u5f71\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u5ba1\u67e5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c1939\u5e74\u590f\u5929\uff0c\u6234\u65af\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08Dies Committee\uff09\u5f00\u59cb\u8c03\u67e5\u7535\u5f71\u5de5\u4e1a\u7684\u7ea2\u8272\u5206\u5b50\u5374\u906d\u5230\u5618\u58f0\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4e5d\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e86\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u6234\u65af\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u201d\u3002\u7535\u5f71\u4e1a\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5f15\u8d77\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u884c\u4e1a\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6027\uff1a\u9ad8\u989d\u7684\u62a5\u916c\u4e3a\u201c\u80cc\u53db\u201d\u6d3b\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d44\u91d1\u652f\u6301\uff1b\u901a\u8fc7\u5f71\u50cf\u704c\u8f93\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff0c\u201c\u8ff7\u60d1\u201d\u52b3\u5de5\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u6fc0\u5316\u9636\u7ea7\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08Americanism Committee\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e0e\u9876\u5cf0\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u4eba\u6570\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5728\u597d\u83b1\u575e\u7535\u5f71\u5708\u4ecd\u670975%\u7684\u4eba\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5206\u5b50\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u7535\u5f71\u5728\u5851\u9020\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u7075\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u51e1\u662f\u5b83\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5206\u5b50\uff08\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bfc\u6f14\u3001\u7f16\u5267\u8fd8\u662f\u6f14\u5458\uff09\u627f\u62c5\u90e8\u5206\u5236\u4f5c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5f71\u7247\uff0c\u5b83\u90fd\u4f1a\u6781\u529b\u5e72\u6d89\u7535\u5f71\u7684\u653e\u6620\uff0c\u529b\u56fe\u5207\u65ad\u201c\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5206\u5b50\u5bf9\u597d\u83b1\u575e\u7684\u6e17\u900f\u201d\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5728\u4f17\u591a\u671f\u520a\u3001\u62a5\u7eb8\u3001\u5e7f\u64ad\u548c\u7535\u89c6\u5a92\u4f53\u5217\u51fa\u5b83\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u4eba\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u4ed6\u4eec\u52a0\u4ee5\u62b5\u5236\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4e5f\u88ab\u5a92\u4f53\u51a0\u4ee5\u201c\u4e13\u4e1a\u5217\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u8005\u201d\u7684\u8be8\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u662f\u5404\u65b9\u53cd\u5171\u4eba\u58eb\u53d1\u8868\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u520a\u7269\u3002J.B.\u9a6c\u4fee\u65af\uff08J.B. Matthews\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u4f5c\u5bb6\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u79ef\u6781\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u66fe\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u671f\u81ea\u79f0\u662f\u548c\u5e73\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u201c\u540c\u8def\u4eba\u201d\uff08fellow traveler\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9a6c\u4fee\u65af\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa30\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\u5bf9\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u611f\u5230\u5e7b\u706d\uff0c\u8f6c\u800c\u4e0e\u6234\u65af\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u5bc6\u5207\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5f3a\u70c8\u53cd\u5171\u7684\u8d6b\u65af\u7279\u62a5\u4e1a\u96c6\u56e2\uff08Hearst Corporation\uff09\u62c5\u4efb\u987e\u95ee\uff0c1953\u5e74\u5230\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u8c03\u67e5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u4efb\u804c\u3002\u9a6c\u4fee\u65af\u57281951\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u7535\u5f71\u4e1a\u771f\u7684\u6253\u626b\u5e72\u51c0\u5c4b\u5b50\u4e86\u4e48\uff1f\u300b\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u201c\u5927\u6279\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u53ca\u5176\u540c\u60c5\u8005\u4f9d\u7136\u76d8\u8e1e\u5728\u7535\u5f71\u4e1a\u201d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u65bd\u52a0\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u538b\u529b\u4ee5\u51c0\u5316\u597d\u83b1\u575e\u91cc\u9762\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u516c\u4f17\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u201c\u5524\u9192\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u5217\u4e3e\u4e8666\u4e2a\u5f71\u4eba\u53ca\u5f71\u7247\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5c06\u5176\u201c\u5217\u5165\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u53ca\u7070\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u4e0d\u518d\u4fb5\u5bb3\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u7075\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5e72\u6d89\u7535\u5f71\u5236\u4f5c\u53ca\u653e\u6620\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\uff1a\u4e00\u662f\u5411\u7535\u5f71\u5927\u4ea8\u65bd\u538b\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u5176\u96c7\u4f63\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6000\u7591\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u53ca\u5176\u540c\u60c5\u8005\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u5728\u5730\u65b9\u5f71\u9662\u5e72\u6270\u5f71\u7247\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u653e\u6620\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5f62\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec\u606b\u5413\u5f71\u9662\u6240\u6709\u8005\u4e0d\u5f97\u653e\u6620\u5f71\u7247\uff0c\u5a01\u80c1\u5f53\u5730\u62a5\u7eb8\u4e0d\u8981\u520a\u767b\u653e\u6620\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5728\u5f71\u9662\u5468\u56f4\u4e3e\u724c\u793a\u5a01\u3001\u6297\u8bae\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u963b\u6320\u6709\u89c2\u5f71\u610f\u613f\u7684\u4eba\u4e70\u7968\u7b49\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u534f\u52a9\u4f1a\uff08American Legion Auxiliary\uff09\u6210\u5458\u751a\u81f3\u7ec4\u6210\u7535\u8bdd\u65c5\uff08Telephone Brigades\uff09\uff0c\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u7ed9\u5168\u56fd\u5404\u5730\u7684\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u8b66\u544a\u5979\u4eec\u4e0d\u8981\u53bb\u89c2\u770b\u88ab\u5217\u5165\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u7684\u6f14\u5458\u53c2\u4e0e\u521b\u4f5c\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u30021952\u5e74\uff0c\u6570\u5bb6\u7535\u5f71\u516c\u53f8\u5171\u540c\u6d3e\u51fa\u4ee3\u8868\u5510\u7eb3\u5fb7\u00b7\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\uff08Donald Wilson\uff09\u53bb\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u534f\u5546\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7684\u5965\u5c3c\u5c14\u62ff\u51fa\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u767e\u4eba\u7684\u7ea2\u8272\u5206\u5b50\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u7535\u5f71\u516c\u53f8\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u96c7\u4f63\u540d\u5355\u4e0a\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u53c2\u52a0\u5f71\u7247\u7684\u5236\u4f5c\u30021952\u5e74\uff0c\u62a8\u51fb\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u68a6\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u534e\u4e3d\u7684\u6ce1\u6cab\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u63a8\u9500\u5458\u4e4b\u6b7b\u300b\uff08Death of a Salesman\uff09\u4e0a\u6620\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u8b66\u544a\u5f71\u9662\u6240\u6709\u8005\u548c\u53d1\u884c\u5546\u201c\u5e94\u8be5\u81ea\u6211\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u629b\u5f03\u8fd9\u79cd\u6c61\u67d3\u53d8\u8d28\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u201d\u3002\u5728\u9a6c\u91cc\u5170\u5dde\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5206\u90e8\u6210\u5458\u79ef\u6781\u54cd\u5e94\u603b\u90e8\u7684\u53f7\u53ec\uff0c\u6210\u7acb\u201c\u7279\u522b\u7ea0\u5bdf\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u201d\uff08special picketing committees\uff09\u963b\u6320\u8fd9\u90e8\u7535\u5f71\u7684\u516c\u6620\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63ed\u9732\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u865a\u4f2a\u3001\u51b7\u9177\u7684\u5f71\u7247\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u89c6\u4e3a\u8bcb\u6bc1\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f53\u5236\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fd\u5bb6\u201c\u98a0\u8986\u201d\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6b66\u5668\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e220\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u62b5\u5236\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7535\u5f71\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u300a\u5a5a\u59fb\u8da3\u4e8b\u300b\uff08The Marrying Kind\uff09\u3001\u300a\u5e15\u7279\u548c\u8fc8\u514b\u300b\uff08Pat and Mike\uff09\u7b49\u5f71\u7247\u90fd\u88ab\u5b83\u65a5\u4e3a\u8d25\u574f\u98ce\u6c14\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u30021952\u5e74\u4e0a\u6620\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u6b63\u5348\u300b\uff08High Noon\uff09\uff0c\u63ed\u9732\u4e86\u5728\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7b3c\u7f69\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u4eba\u4eba\u81ea\u5371\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u73b0\u72b6\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5217\u5165\u5c01\u6740\u540d\u5355\u3002\u540c\u5e74\u7531\u88ab\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u6307\u8d23\u4e3a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u540c\u8def\u4eba\u7684\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u4f11\u65af\u987f\uff08John Huston\uff09\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u300a\u7ea2\u78e8\u574a\u300b\uff08Moulin Rouge\uff09\u4e0a\u6620\uff0c\u597d\u83b1\u575e\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u4e3e\u7740\u5199\u6709\u201c\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5a92\u4f53\u8868\u626c\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u201d\u7684\u6807\u724c\u8fce\u63a5\u53c2\u52a0\u9996\u6620\u7684\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u65f6\u66fe\u8d44\u52a9\u82cf\u8054\u53cd\u51fb\u7eb3\u7cb9\u7684\u4fb5\u7565\uff0c\u559c\u5267\u5927\u5e08\u67e5\u7406\u00b7\u5353\u522b\u6797\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6000\u7591\u4e0e\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u975e\u7f8e\u6d3b\u52a8\u8c03\u67e5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u57281947\u5e74\u4f20\u5524\u4e86\u5353\u522b\u6797\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u4ed6\u6f84\u6e05\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7acb\u573a\u30021952\u5e74\uff0c\u5353\u522b\u6797\u6240\u4e3b\u6f14\u7684\u300a\u821e\u53f0\u751f\u6daf\u300b\uff08Limelight\uff09\u4e0a\u6620\uff0c\u5e95\u7279\u5f8b\u3001\u7ebd\u7ea6\u7b49\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4eba\u5458\u7ad9\u5728\u7535\u5f71\u9662\u5916\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u6709\u89c2\u770b\u610f\u613f\u7684\u89c2\u4f17\u89c2\u770b\u5f71\u7247\u3002\u300a\u4ea4\u706b\u7ebf\u300b\u5c06\u62b5\u5236\u8fd9\u90e8\u5f71\u7247\u7684\u52a8\u673a\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u201c\u907f\u514d\u8bda\u5b9e\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u8f9b\u82e6\u6240\u5f97\uff0c\u6d41\u5165\u90a3\u4e9b\u60f3\u8981\u6467\u6bc1\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u9634\u8c0b\u5bb6\u7684\u53e3\u888b\u201d\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4e0d\u4ec5\u62b5\u5236\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u7ea2\u8272\u7535\u5f71\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e3b\u52a8\u51fa\u51fb\uff0c\u8d5e\u52a9\u5236\u4f5c\u7b26\u5408\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u30021952\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u8d5e\u52a9\u4e86\u7531\u5229\u5965\u00b7\u9ea6\u51ef\u91cc(Leo McCarey)\u62c5\u4efb\u5bfc\u6f14\u7684\u5f71\u7247\u300a\u6211\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u7ea6\u7ff0\u300b\uff08My Son John\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u90e8\u5f71\u7247\u63cf\u5199\u53d7\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u6027\u683c\u8f6f\u5f31\uff0c\u5728\u52a0\u5165\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u201c\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9634\u8c0b\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u201c\u5f00\u5bfc\u201d\u4e4b\u540e\u201c\u5e61\u7136\u9192\u609f\uff0c\u75db\u6539\u524d\u975e\u201d\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u201c\u63ed\u9732\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8c0e\u8a00\u201d\u7684\u7535\u5f71\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u9f13\u52a8\u5168\u56fd\u7684\u6210\u5458\u79ef\u6781\u4e70\u7968\u89c2\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e66\u7c4d\u4e0e\u7535\u5f71\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6587\u5316\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u5ba1\u67e5\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u57281951\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5728\u534e\u76db\u987f\u4e3e\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\uff0c\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u3001\u53c2\u8bae\u5458\u5e15\u7279\u91cc\u514b\u00b7\u9ea6\u5361\u4f26\uff08Patrick A. McCarran\uff09\u548c\u53c2\u8bae\u5458\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u8a79\u7eb3\uff08William E. Jenner\uff09\u5bf9\u201c\u76ee\u524d\u56fe\u4e66\u5e02\u573a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u6cdb\u6ee5\u6df1\u611f\u75db\u5fc3\u201d\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e66\u5e97\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5927\u6279\u7ea2\u8272\u4e66\u7c4d\uff0c\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5de6\u7ffc\u4e66\u8bc4\u4eba\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e66\u7c4d\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\uff08\u4e66\u5e97\u5e97\u4e3b\u901a\u5e38\u6839\u636e\u4e66\u8bc4\u4eba\u7684\u63a8\u8350\u8d2d\u5165\u56fe\u4e66\uff09\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6d41\u5165\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u7ea2\u8272\u4e66\u7c4d\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5371\u5bb3\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u80fd\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5bf9\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u4ea7\u751f\u6f5c\u79fb\u9ed8\u5316\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u9605\u8bfb\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\u4f1a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u5fc3\u7075\u4e2d\u201c\u57cb\u4e0b\u53db\u9006\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c1951\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5728\u5168\u7f8e\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6380\u8d77\u56fe\u4e66\u5ba1\u67e5\u7684\u72c2\u6f6e\uff0c\u6566\u4fc3\u4e66\u5e97\u64a4\u9664\u88ab\u6000\u7591\u662f\u5ba3\u4f20\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\uff0c\u201c\u575a\u5b88\u5bb6\u56ed\u9632\u7ebf\u201d\u3002\u300a\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u7eb3\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u300b\uff08Indiana Legionnaire\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u7eb3\u5dde\u5206\u90e8\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u671f\u520a\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u5b83\u5efa\u8bae\u5168\u5dde\u6210\u5458\u9605\u8bfb\u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u7f8e\u56fd\u73b0\u4ee3\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u4e24\u90e8\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5373\u5c0f\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u5df4\u514b\u5229\uff08William Buckley,Jr.\uff09\u7684\u300a\u8036\u9c81\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e0e\u4eba\u300b\uff08God and Man at Yale\uff09\u548c\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7T. \u5f17\u6797\uff08John T. Flynn\uff09\u7684\u300a\u5f53\u4f60\u7761\u65f6:\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e9a\u6d32\u7684\u60b2\u5267\u53ca\u5176\u5236\u9020\u8005\u300b\uff08While You Slept: Our Tragedy in Asia and Who Made It\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u5efa\u8bae\u5168\u5dde\u6210\u5458\u5728\u5f53\u5730\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u6e05\u67e5\u300a\u62e5\u62b1\u548c\u5e73\u300b\uff08Let\u2019s Have Peace\uff09\u3001\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u7b54\u6848\u300b\uff08Socialism: The Answer\uff09\u3001\u300a\u7406\u89e3\u82cf\u8054\u300b\uff08Understanding USSR\uff09\u3001\u300a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0b\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u300b\uff08Progress under Communism\uff09\u548c\u300a\u6211\u88ab\u8feb\u5bb3\u4e86\u300b\uff08I Was Persecuted\uff09\u7b49\u5de6\u7ffc\u4f5c\u5bb6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u30021954\u5e74\uff0c\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u7eb3\u5206\u90e8\u90ae\u5bc4\u5927\u6279\u56fe\u4e66\u5230\u5168\u5dde\u7ea6300\u4e2a\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff0c\u4ee5\u62b5\u6297\u201c\u6f6e\u6c34\u822c\u6d8c\u5165\u201d\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5168\u5dde\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f53\u5730\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u4eba\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u79fb\u9664\u4e66\u67b6\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u7ea2\u8272\u5ba3\u4f20\u6750\u6599\u201d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u5de6\u7ffc\u8bb0\u8005\u3001\u300a\u6c11\u65cf\u300b\uff08Nation\uff09\u5468\u520a\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u51ef\u91cc\u00b7\u9ea6\u514b\u5a01\u5ec9\u65af\uff08Carey McWilliams\uff09\u5199\u4f5c\u7684\u62a8\u51fb\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\u2014\u2014\u300a\u730e\u5deb\uff1a\u5f02\u7aef\u7684\u590d\u5174\u300b\uff08Witch Hunt:The Revival of Heresy\uff09\u3002\u300a\u7ea2\u661f\u7167\u8000\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u57c3\u5fb7\u52a0\u00b7\u65af\u8bfa\u5728\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e5f\u88ab\u5212\u4e3a\u201c\u7c89\u8272\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u88ab\u6e05\u9664\u51fa\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff0c\u5176\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6210\u5458\u7684\u9a9a\u6270\u548c\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u5f85\u9047\uff0c\u65af\u8bfa\u66fe\u5728\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u64b0\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u6297\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5ba1\u67e5\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u4e0d\u6b62\u7535\u5f71\u3001\u4e66\u7c4d\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u4ece\u6b27\u6d32\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u827a\u672f\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e0a\u534a\u671f\u73b0\u4ee3\u827a\u672f\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u4ea7\u751f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3b\u5f20\u8868\u8fbe\u5185\u5fc3\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u8868\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u9010\u6e10\u4f20\u5165\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e76\u751f\u6839\u53d1\u82bd\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u4ee3\u827a\u672f\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u827a\u672f\u5f62\u5f0f\u90fd\u88ab\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u65a5\u4e3a\u201c\u91ce\u86ee\u3001\u4e11\u964b\u3001\u6027\u53d8\u6001\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u9634\u8c0b\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u79f0\u201c\u73b0\u4ee3\u827a\u672f\u662f\u5145\u65a5\u7740\u8c0e\u8a00\u4e0e\u9634\u8c0b\u7684\u5783\u573e\uff0c\u6beb\u65e0\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u601c\u611a\u8822\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u538c\u6076\uff0c\u5ba3\u626c\u9893\u5e9f\u5815\u843d\u7684\u5e9f\u6599\u201d\u30021940\u5e74\uff0c\u4fc4\u88d4\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u5b89\u4e1c\u00b7\u96f7\u5f17\u91cc\u5409\u5c14 (Anton Refregier)\u5229\u7528\u57ce\u5e02\u57fa\u91d1\u5f00\u59cb\u5728\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u57ce\u5e02\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u5916\u5899\u4f5c\u753b\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u7528\u73b0\u4ee3\u7ed8\u753b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u53d9\u8ff0\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u65cf\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u4e0e\u65e0\u60c5\u7684\u5265\u524a\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6597\u4e89\u53f2\uff0c1948\u5e74\u753b\u4f5c\u7ec8\u4e8e\u572827\u9762\u5899\u4f53\u4e0a\u5b8c\u5de5\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u3001\u6d77\u5916\u6218\u4e89\u9000\u4f0d\u519b\u4eba\u534f\u4f1a\u53ca\u5f53\u5730\u5546\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6210\u53cd\u5bf9\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u5bf9\u753b\u8d28\u548c\u753b\u9762\u5185\u5bb9\u90fd\u8868\u793a\u53cd\u611f\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u521b\u4f5c\u8005\u6539\u53d8\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5c55\u73b01934\u5e74\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u5927\u7f62\u5de5\u65f6\u4e00\u4f4d\u5de5\u4eba\u5e26\u7740\u9000\u4f0d\u519b\u4eba\u5e3d\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u4f46\u88ab\u96f7\u5f17\u5c14\u5409\u5c14\u62d2\u7edd\u3002\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u5728\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e3b\u4e49\u6a2a\u884c\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f20\u7edf\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u548c\u5ba1\u7f8e\u54c1\u5473\u76f8\u62b5\u89e6\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u89c6\u4e3a\u56fe\u8c0b\u4e0d\u8f68\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u56db\u3001\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5bf9\u6559\u80b2\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e72\u6d89<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4e00\u76f4\u5173\u6ce8\u6559\u80b2\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5728\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u9886\u57df\u66f4\u52a0\u5f3a\u8c03\u5bf9\u98a0\u8986\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u8b66\u60d5\uff0c\u8b66\u60d5\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u8fdc\u4e0d\u6b62\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5229\u4e8e\u57f9\u517b\u7b26\u5408\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b83\u8d34\u4e0a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u800c\u88ab\u5426\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u519b\u56e2\u5bf9\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5e72\u9884\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fdc\u8fdc\u8d85\u51fa\u53cd\u5171\u7684\u8303\u7574\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u683c\u5916\u5173\u6ce8\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u6559\u80b2\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6000\u7591\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u4e0e\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u201c\u6e17\u900f\u201d\u6709\u5173\uff0c\u7537\u6027\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u884c\u4e3a\u4e3e\u6b62\u65b9\u9762\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u5973\u6027\u5316\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u591a\u7684\u540c\u6027\u604b\u95ee\u9898\u7b49\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u201c\u6027\u53d8\u6001\u201d\uff08sex perverts\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ea2\u8272\u9634\u8c0b\uff0c\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5206\u5b50\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u808c\u4f53\u7684\u4fb5\u8680\u3001\u6bd2\u5bb3\u201d\uff0c\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u5e94\u8be5\u6452\u5f03\u8fd9\u79cd\u75c5\u6001\u3002\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u5357\u90e8\u683c\u5170\u5cb1\u5c14\uff08Glendale\uff09\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5728\u8c03\u67e5\u5e02\u533a\u7684\u5c11\u5e74\u72af\u7f6a\u884c\u4e3a\u65f6\uff0c\u5ba3\u79f0\u5c11\u5e74\u4e2d\u201c\u53cd\u7537\u6027\u201d\uff08anti-masculine\uff09\u7684\u503e\u5411\u65e5\u6e10\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7537\u5b69\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u201c\u67d4\u5f31\u201d\u548c\u201c\u653e\u7eb5\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u201c\u6beb\u65e0\u7591\u95ee\u4f1a\u62db\u81f4\u65e5\u672c\u7684\u88ad\u51fb\uff0c\u9f13\u821e\u5e0c\u7279\u52d2\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5f81\u670d\u68a6\u201d\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b66\u6821\u5fc5\u987b\u6452\u5f03\u7531\u201c\u4e00\u7fa4\u6587\u4eba\u9a9a\u5ba2\uff08sob-sisters\uff09\u4ece\u4fc4\u56fd\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u3001\u6807\u699c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e3b\u4e49\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u8868\u8fbe\u6559\u6761\u201d\uff0c\u6559\u5bfc\u7537\u5b69\u91cd\u62fe\u7537\u5b50\u6c14\u6982\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u672a\u6765\u5e94\u5bf9\u201c\u7ea2\u8272\u5a01\u80c1\u201d\uff0c\u634d\u536b\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u4f17\u591a\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u66fe\u591a\u6b21\u4e0e\u53c2\u8bae\u5458\u9ea6\u5361\u4f26\u5546\u8bae\u89e3\u51b3\u9014\u5f84\u30021950\u5e74\uff0c\u9ea6\u5361\u4f26\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u79fb\u6c11\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u8d77\u8349\u7684\u300a\u9ea6\u5361\u4f26\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\uff08McCarran Act\uff09\u5728\u56fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u8be5\u6cd5\u6848\u628a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3001\u65e0\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u201c\u98a0\u8986\u5206\u5b50\u201d\u6392\u9664\u5728\u56fd\u95e8\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u62d2\u7edd\u201c\u5907\u53d7\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u6298\u78e8\u7684\u4eba\u3001\u540c\u6027\u604b\u8005\u6216\u6027\u53d8\u6001\u8005\u201d\u8fdb\u5165\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u5bf9\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6e05\u6d17\u76ee\u6807\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u540c\u6027\u604b\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u540c\u6027\u604b\u4e0e\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8054\u7cfb\u7d27\u5bc6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8bb8\u591a\u540c\u6027\u604b\u8005\u5c31\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u540c\u6027\u604b\u8005\u666e\u904d\u4e0d\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fde\u7f8e\u56fd\u516c\u6c11\u81ea\u7531\u8054\u76df\uff08American Civil Liberties Union\uff0cACLU\uff09\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u7ec4\u7ec7\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u628a\u540c\u6027\u604b\u8005\u9a71\u9010\u51fa\u8054\u90a6\u96c7\u5458\u7684\u884c\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u6ce8\u9ad8\u6821\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u6ce8\u610f\u9632\u6b62\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ad8\u6821\u7684\u201c\u6e17\u900f\u201d\u3002\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u62ec\u519b\u56e2\u5185\u90e8\u4eba\u5458\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u4eba\u58eb\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u65f6\u8bc4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u5728\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u65f6\u4ee3\u9010\u6e10\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\u5e73\u53f0\u3002\u8def\u6613\u65af\u00b7\u5f17\u6717\u897f\u65af\u00b7\u6bd4\u767b\u5179\uff08Louis Francis Budenz\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u540d\u4f5c\u5bb6\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bb6\uff0c1951\u5e74\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u53d1\u8868\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u5b66\u9662\u5e94\u8be5\u96c7\u4f63\u7ea2\u8272\u6559\u6388\u4e48\uff1f\u300b\uff0c\u70b9\u540d\u6279\u8bc4\u5305\u62ec\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u5bb6\u7f57\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u65af\u6258\u987f\u00b7\u6797\u5fb7\uff08Robert Staughton Lynd\uff09\u5728\u5185\u7684\u8428\u62c9\u00b7\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u5b66\u9662\uff08Sarah Lawrence College\uff09\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u58f0\u79f0\u201c\u9ad8\u6821\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u5b89\u4e50\u7a9d\uff08havens\uff09\u201d\u30021952\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u8428\u62c9\u00b7\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u5b66\u9662\u6240\u5728\u7684\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5dde\u5a01\u65af\u7279\u5207\u65af\u7279\u53bf\uff08Westchester\uff09\u519b\u56e2\u7ad9\u70b9\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6d3e\u51fa\u4ee3\u8868\u524d\u5f80\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u5411\u6821\u957f\u54c8\u7f57\u5fb7\u00b7\u6cf0\u52d2\uff08Harold Taylor\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u6297\u8bae\uff0c\u58f0\u79f0\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u4e09\u540d\u6559\u6388\u201c\u6709\u7406\u7531\u8ba9\u9000\u4f0d\u519b\u4eba\u5f15\u8d77\u6ce8\u610f\u201d\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u8b66\u544a\u6cf0\u52d2\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u91c7\u53d6\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5c06\u4f1a\u201c\u5168\u9762\u66dd\u5149\u201d\u8fd9\u4e09\u4eba\u3002\u6cf0\u52d2\u4ee5\u653f\u6cbb\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u667a\u8bc6\u81ea\u7531\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\u62d2\u7edd\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e8b\u540e\u8868\u8fbe\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e0d\u6ee1\uff0c\u62b1\u6028\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7c97\u66b4\u5e72\u6d89\u5b66\u672f\u81ea\u7531\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u5404\u754c\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4eba\u58eb\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4e3b\u5f20\u9009\u8fb9\u7ad9\u961f\u3002\u4e00\u4f4d\u65b0\u6559\u7267\u5e08\u54c8\u7f57\u5fb7\u00b7\u970d\u5229\uff08Harold Hohly\uff09\u5199\u4fe1\u7ed9\u5a01\u65af\u7279\u5207\u65af\u7279\u7ad9\u70b9\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u6307\u6325\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u4f0d\u5fb7\u80e1\u5c14\uff08DanielWoodhull\uff09\uff0c\u8c34\u8d23\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5728\u8c03\u67e5\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u7684\u8d8a\u754c\u884c\u4e3a\u300233\u5ea7\u5468\u8fb9\u65b0\u6559\u6559\u5802\u8054\u5408\u53cd\u5bf9\u519b\u56e2\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u6307\u8d23\u519b\u56e2\u5bf9\u6cf0\u52d2\u7684\u8d28\u8be2\u662f\u201c\u63a5\u8fd1\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u201d\u3002\u800c\u5e03\u6717\u514b\u65af\u5a01\u5c14\uff08Bronxville\uff09\u9547\u957f\u5219\u652f\u6301\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\uff0c\u6279\u8bc4\u8428\u62c9\u00b7\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u5b66\u9662\u5bf9\u975e\u7f8e\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u542b\u7cca\u4e0d\u6e05\u3002\u5f53\u5730\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5bf9\u6279\u8bc4\u58f0\u97f3\u56de\u5e94\u8bf4\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u6d3e\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8d3c\u558a\u6349\u8d3c\u7684\u4f0e\u4fe9\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6e05\u6d17\u884c\u52a8\u3002\u4f0d\u5fb7\u80e1\u5c14\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0a\u62a5\u7ed9\u975e\u7f8e\u6d3b\u52a8\u8c03\u67e5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u5b83\u5bf9\u8be5\u5b66\u9662\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u5b66\u9662\u653e\u5f03\u7eb3\u7a0e\u8c41\u514d\u6743\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8428\u62c9\u00b7\u52b3\u4f26\u65af\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u5171\u670918\u540d\u6559\u5e08\u5728\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u65f6\u4ee3\u906d\u5230\u8feb\u5bb3\u3002\u6807\u699c\u81ea\u7531\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u6ce8\u5b9a\u4e0e\u6ce8\u91cd\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u683c\u683c\u4e0d\u5165\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u5b66\u672f\u81ea\u7531\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u7684\u773c\u4e2d\u7c7b\u4f3c\u975e\u7f8e\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u519b\u56e2\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7ea2\u8272\u6216\u8005\u7c89\u7ea2\u7684\u6559\u6388\u201c\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6c42\u5b66\u672f\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u5f15\u8bf1\u5b66\u751f\u8d70\u4e0a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u5c06\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u5236\u9020\u7684\u75c5\u6bd2\u6ce8\u5165\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u5fc3\u4e2d\u201d\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u53d1\u73b0\u9ad8\u6821\u4e2d\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u540c\u60c5\u8005\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5411\u6821\u65b9\u65bd\u538b\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5b66\u6821\u5f00\u9664\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c1954\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5c31\u66fe\u5c06\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u53e4\u5fb7\u6e29\u00b7\u6c83\u68ee\uff08Goodwin Watson\uff09\u4ece\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c97\u4f4d\u89e3\u804c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9ea6\u5361\u9521\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u52b3\u8d44\u5173\u7cfb\u8d8b\u4e8e\u7f13\u548c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u4ecd\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u653e\u677e\u5bf9\u5de5\u4eba\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u975e\u7f8e\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u76d1\u89c6\u30021951\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5de5\u4f1a\u8054\u5408\u4f1a\uff08Congress of Industrial Organizations\uff09\u5728\u660e\u5c3c\u82cf\u8fbe\u5dde\u9996\u5e9c\u5723\u4fdd\u7f57\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u5458\u56e0\u6563\u53d1\u547c\u5401\u5168\u56fd\u52b3\u5de5\u8054\u5408\u7684\u4f20\u5355\uff0c\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u519b\u56e2\u5723\u4fdd\u7f57\u7ad9\u70b9\u6210\u5458\u8bf4\u6210\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u5206\u5b50\u30021930\u5e74\u7531\u6d1b\u514b\u97e6\u5c14\u00b7\u80af\u7279\uff08Rockwell Kent\uff09\u53d1\u8d77\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u201c\u56fd\u9645\u5de5\u4eba\u79e9\u5e8f\u201d\uff08The International Workers 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