{"id":75632,"date":"2026-09-06T05:29:17","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T21:29:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=75632"},"modified":"2026-09-06T05:29:17","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T21:29:17","slug":"%e5%91%8a%e8%af%89%e4%bd%a0%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e7%9c%9f%e5%ae%9e%e7%9a%84%e6%9d%8e%e7%ba%a6%e7%91%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danran1967.com\/?p=75632","title":{"rendered":"\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u674e\u7ea6\u745f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u300a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u70ed\u7231\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7537\u4eba\u300b\uff08The Man Who Loved China\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u7248\u4e3a\u300a\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\uff1a\u63ed\u5f00\u4e2d\u56fd\u795e\u79d8\u9762\u7eb1\u7684\u4eba\u300b\uff09\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u5411\u8bfb\u8005\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u4e0d\u4e3a\u4eba\u3001\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u4e0d\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bfb\u8005\u6240\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9762\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u60ca\u4e16\u9a87\u4fd7\u3001\u4e0e\u5176\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u8eab\u4efd\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b26\u5408\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/1788643164639XAzTBc.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1\/7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3\/2026-09-05T21:19:23Z\/86400\/host\/be428c58907290467172913a428911ceea11e5052c143f301207ad5c55fdf0b9\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\uff081900\u5e7412\u67089\u65e5\uff0d1995\u5e743\u670824\u65e5\uff09\u3002\u56fe\u6e90\uff1a\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1<\/p>\n<p>\u66f9\u806a\uff5c\u64b0\u6587\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u6765\u6e90\uff5c\u4e2d\u534e\u8bfb\u4e66\u62a5<\/p>\n<p>\u897f\u8499\u00b7\u6e29\u5207\u65af\u7279\uff08Simon Winchester\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u9ad8\u4ea7\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u4f5c\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f5c\u54c1\u5305\u62ec\u300a\u6559\u6388\u4e0e\u75af\u5b50\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u8c0b\u6740\u3001\u75af\u766b\u4e0e\u725b\u6d25\u82f1\u8bed\u5927\u8f9e\u5178\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u300b\u3001\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u8fb9\u7f18\u5f00\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e3\u5b50\uff1a\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c1906\u5e74\u65e7\u91d1\u5c71\u5927\u5730\u9707\u300b\u7b49\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u65b0\u4f5c\u00ad\u2014\u2014\u300a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u70ed\u7231\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7537\u4eba\uff1a\u89e3\u5f00\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u8c1c\u7684\u60ca\u4e16\u9a87\u4fd7\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u4f20\u5947\u4eba\u751f\u300b\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u5173\u4e8e\u7531\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u8f6c\u884c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u53f2\u4e13\u5bb6\u7684\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\uff08Joseph Needham\uff0c1900-1995\uff09\u7684\u4f20\u8bb0\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/aisearch.cdn.bcebos.com\/fileManager\/kZgWNV1BwEyanvVXGcCGIQ\/1788643451624OWL8Ei.png?authorization=bce-auth-v1\/7e22d8caf5af46cc9310f1e3021709f3\/2026-09-05T21:24:10Z\/86400\/host\/9383562d56d1f2eef5346cbaf2bd50f32f1af1830a6e5764866fac98a978e8e3\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u897f\u8499\u00b7\u6e29\u5207\u65af\u7279\u8d60\u9001\u7ed9\u672c\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u7684The Man Who Loved China\u7b7e\u540d\u672c\u3002\u672c\u56fe\u7531\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u55bb\u6237\u6653\uff0c\u4e5f\u81f3\u5c11\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u5c3d\u4eba\u7686\u77e5\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u6587\u660e\u300b\uff08Science and Civilisation in China\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u897f\u65b9\u4eba\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u66fe\u7ecf\u6709\u8fc7\u7684\u8f89\u714c\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd9\u90e8\u503e\u6ce8\u4e86\u5176\u6bd5\u751f\u5fc3\u8840\u3001\u76f4\u81f3\u53bb\u4e16\u65f6\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u65f7\u4e16\u5de8\u4f5c\u201d\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e3a\u8fc7\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u4eba\u6df1\u7701\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u79d1\u5b66\u4f20\u7edf\u66fe\u5982\u6b64\u53d1\u8fbe\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f1a\u572815\u4e16\u7eaa\u4ee5\u540e\u4e00\u8e76\u4e0d\u632f\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u53ef\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u5206\u5ead\u6297\u793c\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u540e\u6765\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u3002\u7528\u6e29\u5207\u65af\u7279\u7684\u8bdd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u89e3\u5f00\u4e86\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u8c1c\u201d\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u89e3\u8c1c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u53c8\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6e29\u5207\u65af\u7279\u53c2\u8003\u4e86\u5305\u62ec\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u65e5\u8bb0\u3001\u4e66\u4fe1\u5728\u5185\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u624b\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u544a\u8bc9\u4e86\u8bfb\u8005\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u6587\u660e\u4ea7\u751f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u4e4b\u503e\u6ce8\u4e86\u5168\u8eab\u5fc3\u8840\uff0c\u4e5f\u4ece\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u627e\u5bfb\u4f20\u4e3b\u7684\u5f02\u4e4e\u5bfb\u5e38\u4e4b\u5904\u3001\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u201c\u7537\u6027\u201d\u7684\u4e0d\u4e3a\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u4e00\u9762\uff0c\u8bfb\u6765\u751f\u52a8\u6709\u8da3\uff0c\u4e0d\u89c9\u67af\u71e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7ae5\u5e74\u7231\u4e0a\u79d1\u5b66<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1900\u5e7412\u67089\u65e5\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u51fa\u751f\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u662f\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7684\u72ec\u5b50\u3002\u7236\u4eb2\u662f\u533b\u751f\uff0c\u6bcd\u4eb2\u804c\u4e1a\u4e0d\u8be6\uff0c\u636e\u8bf4\u201c\u5177\u6709\u827a\u672f\u6c14\u8d28\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u5979\u813e\u6c14\u66b4\u8e81\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u5411\u4e08\u592b\u6254\u76d8\u5b50\uff1b\u5979\u6325\u970d\u65e0\u5ea6\uff0c\u5bb6\u91cc\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u5403\u4e86\u4e0a\u987f\u6ca1\u4e0b\u987f\uff1b\u5979\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u602a\u7656\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u795e\u7075\u4e4b\u7c7b\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u81ea\u5e7c\u6027\u683c\u5185\u5411\u6015\u7f9e\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u662f\u5728\u5145\u6ee1\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6210\u957f\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u7236\u4eb2\u5f88\u5c0f\u5c31\u6559\u4ed6\u5199\u5b57\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u7684\u4e66\u5199\u6574\u6d01\u800c\u4f18\u96c5\u3002\u7236\u4eb2\u6559\u4ed6\u505a\u6728\u5de5\u6d3b\u3001\u89c2\u5bdf\u9e1f\u7c7b\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u5730\u7406\u3001\u690d\u7269\u5206\u7c7b\u7b49\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7236\u4eb2\u8fd8\u5411\u4ed6\u704c\u8f93\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u6ce8\u91cd\u5668\u7269\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u54f2\u5b66\u3002\u7236\u6bcd\u4eb2\u867d\u7136\u7ecf\u5e38\u5435\u67b6\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u5e26\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u51fa\u53bb\u65c5\u884c\uff0c\u5f00\u9614\u4ed6\u7684\u773c\u754c\u3002\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u5c24\u5176\u559c\u6b22\u6cd5\u56fd\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u66fe\u524d\u5f80\u6cd5\u56fd\u6e38\u5b66\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u671f\uff0c\u6cd5\u8bed\u4e5f\u662f\u4ed6\u8fd0\u7528\u5a34\u719f\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5916\u8bed\u3002\u4e5f\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\uff0c12\u5c81\u7684\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u4e86\u5de5\u4eba\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8270\u8f9b\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4ee5\u540e\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u4fe1\u4ef0\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u9605\u8bfb\u9762\u5f88\u5e7f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u559c\u6b22\u8d70\u6781\u7aef\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4ed610\u5c81\u65f6\u5c31\u56eb\u56f5\u541e\u67a3\u822c\u5730\u4e00\u6b21\u8bfb\u5b8c\u4e86\u5fb7\u56fd\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u91cc\u5e0c\u00b7\u5e0c\u52d2\u683c\u5c14\uff08Friedrich Schlegel\uff09\u7684\u300a\u5386\u53f2\u54f2\u5b66\u300b\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5fb7\u8bed\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u5927\u6709\u957f\u8fdb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u5bb6\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u3001\u540e\u6765\u88ab\u5c01\u7235\u58eb\u7684\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u5e03\u5170\u5fb7-\u8428\u987f\uff08Sir John Bland-Sutton\uff09\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u533b\u751f\uff0c\u89e3\u5256\u8fc7\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u4e0d\u4e0b12000\u79cd\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5b50\u5bab\u5207\u9664\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u8005\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0b\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u674e\u7ea6\u745f9\u5c81\u65f6\uff0c\u5e03\u5170\u5fb7-\u8428\u987f\u5c31\u5e26\u4ed6\u89c2\u6469\u9611\u5c3e\u624b\u672f\uff0c\u5e76\u4ed8\u4ed61\u82f1\u9551\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f53\u52a9\u624b\u7684\u916c\u52b3\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u540e\u6765\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u5916\u79d1\u533b\u751f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u5341\u51e0\u5c81\u65f6\u4fbf\u5728\u4ed6\u7236\u4eb2\u7684\u5916\u79d1\u624b\u672f\u65f6\u5f53\u52a9\u624b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u5bf9\u4eba\u4f53\u89e3\u5256\u4e86\u5982\u6307\u638c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1914\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u5fb7\u56fd\u8fdb\u653b\u6bd4\u5229\u65f6\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u88ab\u9001\u5230\u8ddd\u4f26\u6566100\u82f1\u91cc\u7684\u5317\u5b89\u666e\u6566\u5dde\u7684\u7fc1\u5fb7\u5c14\u516c\u5b66\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u3001\u6700\u6602\u8d35\u3001\u6700\u51fa\u540d\u7684\u516c\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u6240\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u4ece\u6821\u957f\u5c71\u5fb7\u68ee\uff08F. W. Sanderson\uff09\u90a3\u91cc\u5b66\u5230\u4e86\u201c\u601d\u8003\u201d\u800c\u4e14\u201c\u5f80\u5927\u5904\u601d\u8003\u201d\uff08think big\uff09\u7684\u5883\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1917\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u5750\u706b\u8f66\u53bb\u770b\u7259\u533b\uff0c\u673a\u8f66\u53f8\u673a\u8ba9\u4ed6\u8fdb\u5165\u9a7e\u9a76\u5ba4\uff0c\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4ea4\u8c08\uff0c\u6559\u4ed6\u5982\u4f55\u9a7e\u9a76\u706b\u8f66\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u7ecf\u5386\u4f7f\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5bf9\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u540c\u60c5\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u4ed6\u540e\u6765\u5177\u6709\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e16\u754c\u89c2\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u751f\u6daf\u7684\u840c\u82bd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c31\u5728\u90a3\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u6b63\u503c\u4fc4\u56fd\u5341\u6708\u9769\u547d\u7206\u53d1\u3002\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u56de\u5bb6\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u652f\u6301\u5e03\u5c14\u4ec0\u7ef4\u514b\uff0c\u5ba3\u79f0\u4fc4\u56fd\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u662f\u201c\u597d\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e13\u653f\u662f\u672a\u6765\uff0c\u7740\u5b9e\u8ba9\u4ed6\u7236\u4eb2\u5927\u5403\u4e00\u60ca\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u4ece\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u9605\u8bfb\u8fc7\u4efb\u4f55\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u4ece\u4f55\u800c\u6765\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4e0e\u706b\u8f66\u53f8\u673a\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u90a3\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u6b63\u5f0f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u4ed6\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u624d\u80fd\u548c\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u7533\u8bf7\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\u533b\u5b66\uff0c\u50cf\u4ed6\u7236\u4eb2\u90a3\u6837\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u533b\u751f\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u519b\u961f\u533b\u7597\u4eba\u5458\u5947\u7f3a\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u7687\u5bb6\u6d77\u519b\u62db\u52df\u4e3a\u5fd7\u613f\u9884\u5907\u5f79\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6218\u4e89\u57288\u6708\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f97\u4ee5\u572810\u6708\u8fdb\u5165\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u5ea6\u8fc7\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u4eba\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5251\u6865\u6210\u5c31\u529f\u540d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5efa\u7acb\u4e8e\u5341\u56db\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5188\u7ef4\u52d2\u4e0e\u51ef\u65af\u5b66\u9662\uff08Gonville and Caius College\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5bf9\u533b\u5b66\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u800c\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u9662\u957f\u53c8\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u773c\u775b\u808c\u8089\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u3002\u4f46\u8fdb\u5165\u5251\u6865\u540e\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u5e76\u4e0d\u5982\u610f\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u4e00\u95f4\u5bbf\u820d\uff1b1918\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0d\u5e78\u67d3\u4e0a\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u6d41\u611f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u79ef\u6781\u53c2\u52a0\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u793e\u56e2\u3001\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0e\u5b97\u6559\u6709\u5173\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u4ed6\u8fd8\u8d1f\u8d23\u9080\u8bf7\u8457\u540d\u5b66\u8005\u524d\u6765\u7ed9\u533b\u5b66\u751f\u548c\u533b\u751f\u505a\u4eba\u6587\u79d1\u5b66\u8bb2\u5ea7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bb2\u5ea7\u6db5\u76d6\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u53f2\u4e4b\u5e7f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6d3b\u52a8\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3001\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u7ed9\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u8fd8\u5c06\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u8bb2\u7a3f\u7f16\u8f91\u51fa\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u4e00\u5165\u5b66\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u4fbf\u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u6210\u4e3a\u5916\u79d1\u533b\u751f\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5916\u79d1\u533b\u751f\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u952f\u9aa8\u5934\u201d\uff0c\u592a\u673a\u68b0\u3001\u592a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u667a\u529b\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u5bfc\u5e08\u3001\u8457\u540d\u98df\u54c1\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u5df4\u7279\u00b7\u54c8\u4ee3\u7235\u58eb\uff08Sir William Bate Hardy\uff09\u5efa\u8bae\u4ed6\u6539\u5b66\u5316\u5b66\uff0c\u544a\u8bc9\u4ed6\u201c\u672a\u6765\u5c31\u5728\u539f\u5b50\u548c\u5206\u5b50\u4e2d\u201d\u3002\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u4e5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5316\u5b66\u6bd4\u89e3\u5256\u6765\u5f97\u6709\u610f\u601d\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e09\u5e74\u7684\u523b\u82e6\u5b66\u4e60\uff08\u8fd8\u6709\u7977\u544a\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u5e74\u4ec560\u5c81\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u53bb\u4e16\u4e86\u3002\u60b2\u75db\u4e4b\u4f59\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u611f\u5230\u4e9f\u9700\u4e00\u4e2a\u7236\u4eb2\u822c\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u6765\u6307\u5bfc\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u672a\u6765\u3002\u4ed6\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5728\u7fc1\u5fb7\u5c14\u516c\u5b66\u65f6\u66fe\u6709\u4e00\u9762\u4e4b\u7f18\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u5927\u5bb6\u5f17\u91cc\u5fb7\u91cc\u5e0c\u00b7\u6208\u5170\u5fb7\u00b7\u970d\u666e\u91d1\u65af\uff08Frederick Gowland Hopkins\uff0c\u4ed6\u540e\u6765\u56e0\u53d1\u73b0\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20\u800c\u88ab\u6388\u4e88\u9a91\u58eb\u7684\u8363\u8a89\uff09\u3002\u970d\u666e\u91d1\u65af\u9a6c\u4e0a\u8981\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u5230\u4ed6\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u4e88\u6307\u5bfc\u548c\u5475\u62a4\u3002\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u5730\u4f4d\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u65ad\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e0d\u4e45\u4fbf\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u77ed\u77ed\u51e0\u5e74\u4e2d\u664b\u5347\u4e3a\u51c6\u6559\u6388\uff08reader\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u970d\u666e\u91d1\u65af\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u6837\u5438\u5f15\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4f17\u591a\u806a\u654f\u7684\u59d1\u5a18\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u6027\u683c\u5c45\u7136\u7531\u6b64\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u767e\u516b\u5341\u5ea6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u98ce\u5ea6\u7fe9\u7fe9\uff0c\u535a\u5b66\u591a\u95fb\uff0c\u61c2\u5305\u62ec\u6ce2\u5170\u8bed\u5728\u5185\u76847\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u51c6\u6559\u6388\u7684\u5934\u8854\u548c\u90a3\u4ee4\u4eba\u7fa1\u6155\u7684\u85aa\u6c34\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u7236\u4eb2\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u6295\u8d44\u4e8e\u80a1\u7968\u7684\u5e74\u91d1\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u53c8\u53d8\u5f97\u82b1\u8a00\u5de7\u8bed\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u5bf9\u5973\u6027\u9887\u6709\u8bf1\u60d1\u529b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u540e\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u4ed6\u59bb\u5b50\u7684\u591a\u841d\u831c\u00b7\u8fc8\u745e\u00b7\u83ab\u4f0a\u52d2\uff08Dorothy Mary Moyle\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1923\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6625\u5929\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u9080\u8bf7\u591a\u841d\u831c\u7ea6\u4f1a\u3002\u591a\u841d\u831c\u5e74\u957f\u674e\u7ea6\u745f5\u5c81\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u808c\u8089\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u53c8\u4ee5\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u5468\u6e38\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u8db3\u8ff9\u904d\u53ca\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a0\u5dde\u7684\u8499\u7279\u745e\u3001\u9ebb\u7701\u7684\u4f0d\u5179\u2022\u970d\u5c14\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3001\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5e03\u91cc\u5766\u5c3c\u7684\u6cd5\u56fd\u7684\u6d77\u6d0b\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7b49\u3002\u4ece\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u4f5c\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u65c5\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u82b1\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u8c08\u8bba\u5bf9\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5171\u540c\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd8\u8c08\u60c5\u8bf4\u7231\u30021924\u5e749\u670813\u65e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ed3\u4e3a\u592b\u59bb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>10\u6708\uff0c\u5728\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u7b54\u8fa9\u540e\uff0c\u51ef\u65af\u5b66\u9662\u4fbf\u9009\u4ed6\u4e3a\u9662\u58eb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4f46\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5728\u5b66\u9662\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u95f4\u5bdd\u5ba4\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u8457\u540d\u7684K-1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eab\u53d7\u5404\u79cd\u7279\u6743\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5b66\u9662\u9ad8\u96c5\u3001\u534e\u4e3d\u7684\u9910\u5385\u62db\u5f85\u5ba2\u4eba\u3002\u4e0d\u523024\u5c81\u7684\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u5df2\u7ecf\u529f\u6210\u540d\u5c31\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1931\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u7684\u4e13\u8457\u300a\u5316\u5b66\u80da\u80ce\u5b66\u300b\u3002\u8fd9\u90e83\u5377\u672c\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u201c\u5f80\u5927\u5904\u601d\u8003\u201d\u7684\u624d\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u53d6\u5f97\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u529f\u540d\u2014\u2014\u679c\u4e0d\u5176\u7136\uff0c\u4ed6\u57281941\u5e74\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f1a\u5458\uff08\u4ed6\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u4e5f\u57287\u5e74\u540e\u5f53\u9009\uff09\uff08\u4ed6\u540e\u6765\u8fd8\u5f53\u9009\u4e3a\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u6587\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u58eb\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u75f4\u8ff7\u4f0a\u4eba\uff0c\u75f4\u8ff7\u4e2d\u56fd<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u4f20\u8bb0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u56fd\u5357\u4eac\u7684\u5973\u5b50\u9c81\u6842\u73cd\u662f\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u7684\u4eb2\u5bc6\u52a9\u624b\u548c\u665a\u5e74\u4f34\u4fa3\u3002\u786e\u5b9e\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u6587\u660e\u300b\u7684\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u9c81\u6842\u73cd\u529f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6ca1\uff0c\u7528\u9c81\u6842\u73cd\u7684\u8bdd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u5728\u4e1c\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u95f4\u67b6\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u5ea7\u6865\u6881\uff0c\u800c\u5979\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u652f\u6491\u6865\u6881\u7684\u62f1\u5f62\u3002\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u8fd8\u66fe\u5c06\u8be5\u4e66\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5377\u732e\u7ed9\u9c81\u6842\u73cd\u7684\u7236\u4eb2\u3002\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u5728\u59bb\u5b50\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\u8fd8\u5a36\u4e86\u9c81\u6842\u73cd\u4e3a\u59bb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u6e29\u5207\u65af\u7279\u7684\u7b14\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e8b\u60c5\u8fdc\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e48\u5355\u7eaf\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u8ff7\u604b\u4e2d\u56fd\u59cb\u4e8e\u8ff7\u604b\u9c81\u6842\u73cd\u30021937\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u9c81\u6842\u73cd\u548c\u53e6\u5916\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u2014\u2014\u738b\u5e94\u7750\u548c\u6c88\u8bd7\u7ae0\u2014\u2014\u6765\u5230\u82f1\u56fd\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u7559\u5b66\uff0c\u9c81\u6842\u73cd\u5e08\u4ece\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u51e0\u4e4e\u5bf9\u9c81\u6842\u73cd\u662f\u4e00\u89c1\u949f\u60c5\u3002\u6839\u636e\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u65e5\u8bb0\u7684\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u9910\u9986\u6216\u5251\u6865\u6700\u597d\u7684\u610f\u5927\u5229\u9910\u9986\u7528\u9910\uff1b\u89c2\u770b\u6839\u636e\u8d5b\u73cd\u73e0\u7684\u5c0f\u8bf4\u6539\u7f16\u7684\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u5927\u5730\u300b\uff1b\u624b\u633d\u624b\u5730\u6cbf\u7740\u5c01\u51bb\u7684\u6cb3\u8fb9\u6563\u6b65\uff1b\u5230\u6cd5\u56fd\u57c3\u5f17\u4f26\u5ea6\u5047\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u57281938\u5e742\u6708\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u665a\u4e0a\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u4e0e\u9c81\u6842\u73cd\u6709\u4e86\u808c\u80a4\u4e4b\u4eb2\uff0c\u5730\u70b9\u662f\u51ef\u65af\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u5bdd\u5ba4K-1(\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\u524d\u53bb\u63a2\u671b\u5979\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u6e29\u5207\u65af\u7279\u7684\u7528\u8bcd\u201cthe 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of Honour\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bfb\u8005\u6240\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u674e\u7ea6\u745f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u300a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u70ed\u7231\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u7537\u4eba\u300b\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u5728\u4e8e\u5411\u8bfb\u8005\u5c55\u73b0\u4e86\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u4e0d\u4e3a\u4eba\u3001\u81f3\u5c11\u662f\u4e0d\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bfb\u8005\u6240\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9762\u2014\u2014\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u60ca\u4e16\u9a87\u4fd7\u3001\u4e0e\u5176\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u8eab\u4efd\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b26\u5408\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e66\u540d\u4e2d\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u7528eccentric\u4e00\u8bcd\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fdb\u5165\u5251\u6865\u662f\u674e\u7ea6\u745f\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6c\u6298\u70b9\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e00\u6539\u62d8\u7981\u7684\u6027\u683c\uff0c\u53d8\u5f97\u98ce\u6d41\u501c\u50a5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u70ed\u8877\u975e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u62d8\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u88f8\u4f53\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b9e\u8df5\u8005\uff0c\u559c\u6b22\u88f8\u6cf3\uff0c\u559c\u6b22\u8df3\u72c2\u91ce\u7684\u6bdb\u5229\u821e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53c8\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4ed6\u6bcf\u6bcf\u89c1\u5230\u6f02\u4eae\u7684\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u5c31\u5fcd\u4e0d\u4f4f\u8981\u8ffd\u9010\u8c03\u60c5\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e09\u5e74\u671f\u95f4\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4e00\u751f\u98ce\u6d41\u97f5\u4e8b\u4e0d\u65ad\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4ed6\u66fe\u52a0\u5165\u7267\u5e08\u56e2\u4f53\uff08Oratory 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