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\u4f5c\u8005: \u7f57\u65b0<\/p>\n

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Kim\u56e2\u961f\u6b64\u4e00\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65b0\u9896\u4e4b\u5904\u662f\u5728\u5308\u5974\u4eba\u4e2d\u786e\u8ba4\u4e86\u5370\u6b27\u4eba\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u524d\u6cd5\u56fd\u5b66\u8005Christine Keyser-Tracqui\u6240\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u5c0f\u7ec4\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fde\u7eed\u53d1\u8868\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u8499\u53e4\u5317\u90e8Egyin\u6cb3\u8c37\u51fa\u571f\u7684\u5308\u5974\u65f6\u671f\u4eba\u9aa8DNA\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6bd4\u59822003\u5e74\u5728\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u300a\u8499\u53e4Egyin\u6cb3\u8c37\u4e24\u5343\u5e74\u524d\u5893\u5730\u7684\u7ec6\u80de\u6838\u548c\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53DNA\u5206\u6790\u300b\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u8be5\u5c0f\u7ec4\u8bd5\u56fe\u63cf\u753b\u8499\u53e4\u9ad8\u539f\u53ca\u4e2d\u4e9a\u53e4\u4ee3\u4eba\u53e3\u8fc1\u5f99\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u56fe\uff0c\u6bd4\u59822006\u5e74\u5728\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f53\u8d28\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u6742\u5fd7\u300b\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u8499\u53e4\u56fd\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u8d77\u6e90\uff1a\u53e4\u4ecaDNA\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u6790\u300b\uff0c2009\u5e74\u53c8\u5728\u300a\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u300b\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u300a\u53e4DNA\u5bf9\u5357\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u5e93\u5c14\u5e72\uff08kurgan\uff09\u6587\u5316\u4eba\u7fa4\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u65b0\u542f\u793a\u300b\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u91c7\u96c6\u7684\u53e4\u4ecaDNA\u6837\u672c\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u53c2\u8003\u5404\u7c7b\u57fa\u56e0\u5e93\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u65b0\u7684\u5206\u6790\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u517c\u987e\u7236\u7cfbY\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u548c\u6bcd\u7cfb\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53\u7684\u53cc\u91cd\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u6bd4\u8fc7\u53bb\u6709\u6240\u63a8\u8fdb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u6210\u4e3aKim\u56e2\u961f\u533a\u5206\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u548c\u5370\u6b27\u4eba\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e00\u4e0bKim\u56e2\u961f\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u4eba\u7fa4\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u90fd\u89c1\u4e8eChristine Keyser-Tracqui\u5c0f\u7ec4\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u53e4\u5370\u6b27\u8bed\u5411\u4e1c\u6269\u5f20\u3001\u5e93\u5c14\u5e72\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6269\u5f20\u4e0e\u8fc1\u5f99\u3001\u65af\u57fa\u6cf0\u4e0e\u6e38\u7267\u6587\u5316\u3001\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u79cd\u3001\u5854\u91cc\u6728\u5e72\u5c38\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u7ee7\u627f\u6216\u5171\u4eab\u4e86\u8fd1\u4ee3\u6b27\u6d32\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u4e2d\u7684\u90a3\u79cd\u5370\u6b27\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5173\u6000\u3002<\/p>\n

DNA\u53f2\u5b66\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u574f\u5178\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5308\u5974\u793e\u4f1a\u91cc\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u68c0\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u89e3\u91ca\u5fc5\u5b9a\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u4f17\u8bf4\u7eb7\u7ead\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6709\u610f\u601d\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e13\u5bb6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e25\u5389\u7684\u6307\u8d23\u3002\u73b0\u5c45\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u524d\u82cf\u8054\u751f\u7269\u533b\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u9876\u7ea7\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6Anatoly A. Klyosov\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u6beb\u4e0d\u5ba2\u6c14\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5bf9Kim\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u548c\u8bba\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u68c0\u6d4b\u6570\u636e\u548c\u6587\u732e\u4f9d\u636e\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u6f0f\u6d1e\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u628aR1a1\u8bf4\u6210\u662f\u201c\u5e93\u5c14\u5e72\u6587\u5316\u201d\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u533a\u66f4\u591a\u6587\u5316\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u90fd\u5177\u5907\u8fd9\u79cd\u57fa\u56e0\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u73b0\u6709\u6570\u636e\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e0e\u5176\u8bf4R1a1\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u6b27\u6d32\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8bf4\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u662f\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e1c\u4e9a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u51fa\u571f\u4e8eDuurlig Nars\u5308\u5974\u5893\u5730\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u662f\u201c\u897f\u90e8\u6b27\u4e9a\u7684\u7537\u6027\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709Y\u67d3\u8272\u4f53R1a1\u57fa\u56e0\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7537\u6027\uff0c\u4ed6\u65e2\u53ef\u80fd\u6765\u81ea\u6b27\u4e9a\u8349\u539f\u7684\u4e1c\u90e8\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6765\u81ea\u5357\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\uff0c\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6279\u8bc4\u548c\u8b66\u544a\u4ece\u6765\u5c31\u7d27\u7d27\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u57fa\u56e0\u6280\u672f\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5a92\u4f53\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5374\u6b22\u8fce\u4efb\u4f55\u548c\u57fa\u56e0\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u201c\u89e3\u5bc6\u5386\u53f2\u201d\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002Kim\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\u51fa\u6765\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u88ab\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5f53\u4f5c\u7b11\u8c08\uff0c\u4f46\u5a92\u4f53\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8ffd\u6367\u5374\u70ed\u95f9\u4e00\u65f6\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u8be5\u62a5\u544a\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u65e8\u8da3\uff0c\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u540c\u884c\u4e2d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7f3a\u4e4f\u540c\u60c5\u8005\u548c\u8ffd\u968f\u8005\u3002\u4ee5\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u300a\u8fb9\u7586\u8003\u53e4\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u7b2c13\u8f91\uff08\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2013\u5e74\uff09\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u300a\u8499\u53e4\u56fd\u80e1\u62c9\u54c8\u5c71\u8c37M21\u53f7\u5308\u5974\u5893\u4e3b\u7684\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53DNA\u5206\u6790\u300b\uff0c\u8bfb\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u4f1a\u611f\u5230\u5982\u51fa\u4e00\u8f99\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u8be5\u6587\u7b2c\u56db\u90e8\u5206\u201c\u8ba8\u8bba\u201d\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u5308\u5974\u7684\u4eba\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u8003\u53e4\u754c\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u70ed\u70b9\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8499\u53e4\u8bf4\u548c\u7a81\u53a5\u8bf4\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728\u4e89\u8bba\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u548c\u524d\u9762\u6240\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6df7\u7528\u5370\u6b27\u8bed\u548c\u9ad8\u52a0\u7d22\u201c\u4eba\u79cd\u201d\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u8499\u53e4\u8bf4\u3001\u7a81\u53a5\u8bf4\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u5308\u5974\u7edf\u6cbb\u96c6\u56e2\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\uff0c\u4e0e\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u4eba\u79cd\u201d\u7edd\u65e0\u5e72\u6d89\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6240\u63a2\u8ba8\u7684DNA\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6240\u8c13\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u79cd\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5308\u5974\u4eba\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u8fd8\u662f\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u79cd\uff0c\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u6b27\u7f57\u5df4\u4eba\u57282000\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5230\u8fbe\u4e86\u4e1c\u5317\u4e9a\u5730\u533a\u3002\u201d\u5927\u6982\u662f\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5e76\u4e14\u8981\u5c0a\u91cd\u524d\u9762\u6240\u8bf4Kim\u56e2\u961f\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u8457\u540d\u7684\u9ed1\u4eba\u6559\u6388\u76d6\u8328\uff08Henry Louis Gates\uff09\u4e3b\u6301\u8fc7\u5341\u591a\u79cd\u5e7f\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u7535\u89c6\u7cfb\u5217\u4e13\u9898\u8282\u76ee\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u597d\u51e0\u79cd\u90fd\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u201c\u5bfb\u6839\u201d\uff0c\u501f\u52a9\u4e8e\u53e3\u4f20\u8d44\u6599\u3001\u6587\u732e\u6863\u6848\u3001\u6559\u5802\u8bb0\u5f55\u4ee5\u53caDNA\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u63a2\u5bfb\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u7956\u5148\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5f71\u54cd\u7279\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5c31\u662f\u300a\u975e\u88d4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u4eba\u751f\u300b\u3002\u57282007\u5e7410\u67087\u65e5\u7684\u8be5\u8282\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u6765\u81ea\u7ebd\u7ea6\u7684\u9ed1\u4eba\u5987\u5973Vy Higgensen\u88ab\u5f53\u573a\u544a\u77e5DNA\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5979\u88ab\u544a\u77e5DNA\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e2e\u5979\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u73b0\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u5979\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u4eb2\u621a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4f4d\u7537\u6027\u662f\u5bc6\u82cf\u91cc\u5dde\u7684\u767d\u4eba\u7267\u573a\u4e3b\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u5bfb\u6839\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2aDNA\u6d4b\u8bd5\u516c\u53f8\u5ba3\u5e03Higgensen\u7684\u7956\u5148\u662f\u585e\u62c9\u5229\u6602\u7684Mende\u4eba\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u5219\u5ba3\u79f0\u5979\u7684\u7956\u5148\u5728\u8c61\u7259\u6d77\u5cb8\u7684Wobe\u90e8\u843d\u91cc\uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u4e09\u5bb6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u516c\u53f8\u5219\u8bf4\u5979\u7684\u7956\u5148\u6765\u81ea\u585e\u5185\u52a0\u5c14\u7684Mendenka\u4eba\u3002\u5979\u5728\u8282\u76ee\u73b0\u573a\u660e\u663e\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u4e0d\u5b89\u548c\u56f0\u6270\uff0c\u5979\u672c\u6765\u4ee5\u4e3a\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u786e\u5b9a\u65e0\u7591\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u73b0\u5728\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6f14\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u201c\u4fe1\u5219\u6709\u4e0d\u4fe1\u5219\u65e0\u201d\u7684\u6e38\u620f\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4ee5\u533b\u7597\u4e2d\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u601d\u7ef4\u4e3a\u4f8b\u30022005\u5e746\u6708\u7f8e\u56fd\u98df\u54c1\u4e0e\u533b\u836f\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40\uff08FDA\uff09\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u7279\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u9ed1\u4eba\u5fc3\u810f\u8870\u7aed\u7684\u836f\u54c1BiDil\uff0c\u636e\u8bf4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u836f\u54c1\u7684\u63a8\u51fa\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf91050\u4e2a\u9ed1\u4eba\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bd5\u9a8c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6279\u51c6\u57fa\u4e8e\u65cf\u7fa4\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u9488\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u65cf\u7fa4\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u533b\u836f\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u6fc0\u70c8\u7684\u4e89\u8bae\u548c\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5b66\u4f1a\u5b98\u7f51\u5f88\u5feb\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u79f0\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u65e0\u5f02\u4e8e\u628a\u201c\u79cd\u65cf\u201d\u5f53\u4f5c\u4eba\u7c7b\u9057\u4f20\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u7ed9\u4e88\u201c\u91cd\u65b0\u767b\u8bb0\u201d\u3002\u968f\u540e\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u836f\u54c1\u5f00\u53d1\u53f2\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u663e\u793a\uff0cBiDil\u53ea\u662f\u628a\u6b64\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u7528\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u5fc3\u810f\u8870\u7aed\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u836f\u54c1\u6df7\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u800c\u6b64\u524d\u7684\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u836f\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u4e00\u5207\u65cf\u7fa4\u60a3\u8005\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e14BiDil\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ea\u6709\u9ed1\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u65cf\u88d4\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u53c2\u4e0e\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u6bd4\u8f83\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8bc1\u636e\u663e\u793aBiDil\u5bf9\u9ed1\u4eba\u60a3\u8005\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u7597\u6548\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u767d\u4eba\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u7597\u6548\u66f4\u52a0\u663e\u8457\u3002\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u7f8e\u56fd\u4eba\u300b\u57282007\u5e748\u6708\u53f7\u520a\u51faJonathan Kahn\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u300a\u836f\u74f6\u91cc\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u300b\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e89\u8bae\u505a\u4e86\u603b\u7ed3\u6027\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u548c\u8bc4\u8bba\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u63ed\u793a\uff0c\u5236\u836f\u5546\u5229\u7528\u4e86\u516c\u4f17\u6f5c\u610f\u8bc6\u4e2d\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u601d\u7ef4\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u6240\u547c\u5524\u7684\u201c\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u8bca\u6cbb\u201d\u7684\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u79cd\u65cf\u548c\u65cf\u7fa4\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u836f\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u524d\u4e3e\u4e24\u4e66\u51fa\u7248\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u7ea6\u514b\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u53f2\u5bb6Jan Sapp\u6559\u6388\u5728\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u300b2012\u5e74\u7b2c2\u671f\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4e66\u8bc4\uff0c\u5373\u4ee5 \u300a\u79cd\u65cf\u7ec8\u7ed3\u300b\uff08Race Finished\uff09\u4e3a\u9898\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5927\u4f17\u751a\u81f3\u8bb8\u591a\u4e13\u4e1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u5df2\u7ecf\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u201c\u79cd\u65cf\u201d\u3001\u201c\u4eba\u79cd\u201d\u4e43\u81f3\u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u201d\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u96be\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5730\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\uff0c\u6216\u4e0b\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u504f\u5411\u4e8e\u8ba4\u4e3a\u65cf\u7fa4\uff08ethnic grouping\uff09\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4eb2\u7f18\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u80a4\u8272\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u4f20\u7edf\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u590d\u6742\u793e\u4f1a\u5206\u5c42\uff0cDNA\u6570\u636e\u65e0\u6cd5\u6709\u6548\u5206\u522b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5f90\u6587\u582a\u5148\u751f\u5728\u300a\u4e0a\u6d77\u4e66\u8bc4\u300b\u4e0a\u56de\u5e94\u6211\u90a3\u7bc7\u300a\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u9ec4\u79cd\u4eba\u300b\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3e\u51fa\u56e0\u5199\u4f5c\u591a\u90e8\u7545\u9500\u4e66\u800c\u871a\u58f0\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u8d3e\u96f7\u5fb7\u00b7\u6234\u8499\u5fb7\uff08Jared Diamond\uff09\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u8bf4\u5982\u679c\u4ece\u745e\u5178\u3001\u5c3c\u65e5\u5229\u4e9a\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u4e09\u56fd\u5404\u627e\u6765\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba\u4f1a\u641e\u9519\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u56fd\u7c4d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ea\u8981\u770b\u4e00\u773c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u8fa8\u51fa\u4ed6\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u662f\u767d\u79cd\u4eba\u3001\u9ed1\u79cd\u4eba\u548c\u9ec4\u79cd\u4eba\u3002\u5f90\u5148\u751f\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u8bf4\u660e\u4eba\u7fa4\u95f4\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5dee\u5f02\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5426\u8ba4\u3001\u503c\u5f97\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u745e\u5178\u3001\u5c3c\u65e5\u5229\u4e9a\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u8fd9\u6837\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u3001\u8499\u53e4\u4e0e\u7a81\u53a5\u3001\u7ef4\u543e\u5c14\u4e0e\u54c8\u8428\u514b\u3001\u534e\u5317\u4e0e\u534e\u5357\u3001\u6e56\u5357\u4e0e\u56db\u5ddd\u7b49\u7b49\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89c4\u6a21\u7a7a\u95f4\u5dee\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u6837\u672c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u4e3a\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u591a\u6837\u6027\u5206\u5e03\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u8fd9\u79cd\u591a\u6837\u6027\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0a\u4f1a\u5448\u5747\u5300\u8fc7\u6e21\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u76f8\u8ddd\u9065\u8fdc\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u7a7a\u95f4\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u591a\u6837\u6027\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u8fd1\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u4e24\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5c31\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u6b63\u89c6\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4e0e\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\uff0c\u8d8a\u5357\u4eba\u4e0e\u6cf0\u56fd\u4eba\uff0c\u6c49\u65cf\u4e0e\u571f\u5bb6\u65cf\uff0c\u767d\u65cf\u4e0e\u50a3\u65cf\uff0c\u5e03\u4f9d\u65cf\u4e0e\u6c34\u65cf\uff0c\u7a81\u53a5\u4e0e\u9c9c\u5351\uff0c\u7c9f\u7279\u4e0e\u56de\u9e58\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4ee5\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u6587\u5316\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u540c\u6837\u6709\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\uff1f\u4ee5\u4e3a\u57fa\u56e0\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u7528\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u79cd\u65cf\u6216\u65cf\u7fa4\u5f52\u5c5e\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u4e14\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u5373\u76f8\u4fe1\u4eba\u7c7b\u66fe\u7ecf\u5206\u4e3a\u5f7c\u6b64\u533a\u522b\u3001\u5404\u81ea\u5b64\u7acb\u6216\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u96c6\u56e2\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u96c6\u56e2\u76f8\u5bf9\u5c01\u95ed\u5730\u5728\u5730\u7403\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u65b9\u5404\u81ea\u72ec\u7acb\u6f14\u5316\u3002\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u548c\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e00\u518d\u9610\u660e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u56e0\u80a4\u8272\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u4f20\u7edf\u800c\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u590d\u6742\u793e\u4f1a\u5206\u5c42\uff0cDNA\u6570\u636e\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u6709\u6548\u52a0\u4ee5\u5206\u522b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u548c\u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u201d\uff08nation\uff09\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u201c\u65cf\u7fa4\u201d\uff08ethnic grouping\uff09\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u521b\u5efa\uff08conscious creation\uff09\u3002\u6211\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u90fd\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u89c6\u91ce\u91cc\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u201d\uff08\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u5b81\u53ef\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u65cf\u7fa4\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u653f\u6cbb\u4f53\uff08polity\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u3001\u6216\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u5ba3\u79f0\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6e90\u4e8e\u5171\u540c\u7956\u5148\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4f53\u3002\u628a\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u7fa4\u51dd\u805a\u8d77\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u529b\u91cf\u5448\u73b0\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u5173\u7cfb\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u5229\u76ca\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eba\u7fa4\u4ece\u6765\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ee5\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ebd\u5e26\uff0c\u5176\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u6ce8\u5b9a\u4e86\u6210\u5458\u7684\u591a\u5143\u5316\uff0c\u8fb9\u754c\u6a21\u7cca\u6b63\u662f\u5176\u6d3b\u529b\u6240\u5728\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u6c11\u65cf\u201d\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee5\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u6587\u5316\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bd5\u56fe\u4ee5\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5b9a\u4e49\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u5176\u8db3\u4ee5\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u76f8\u90bb\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u90a3\u6ce8\u5b9a\u662f\u6c34\u4e2d\u635e\u6708\u3002\u90a3\u79cd\u4ee5\u57fa\u56e0\u5dee\u5f02\u6765\u5224\u5b9a\u53e4\u4eba\u201c\u65cf\u5c5e\u201d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u79d1\u5b66\u4f9d\u636e\u5462\uff1f\u4f01\u56fe\u4ee5\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u5dee\u5f02\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u6784\u5efa\u7269\u5212\u5206\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u67d0\u79cd\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u6807\u51c6\u6765\u63a8\u6d4b\u53e4\u4ee3\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u5730\u57df\u5206\u5e03\u53ca\u5176\u79fb\u52a8\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5982\u4f55\u4e5f\u662f\u5357\u8f95\u5317\u8f99\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

DNA\u53f2\u5b66\u8fd0\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u8303<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8bf4\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u8c8c\u4f3c\u5bf9\u57fa\u56e0\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5386\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u76f8\u5f53\u6d88\u6781\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8981\u628aDNA\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u6392\u65a5\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u4e4b\u5916\u5462\uff1f\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u7684\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u6280\u672f\u624b\u6bb5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u7279\u5b9a\u4f18\u957f\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u8bf4\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\u628aDNA\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u5386\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6765\u7684\u591a\u6570\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u770b\u6765\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u9648\u65e7\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684\u53f2\u5b66\u601d\u7ef4\u5bfb\u6c42\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u7684\u518d\u5305\u88c5\u3002\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u521b\u9020\u529b\u7684\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ee5DNA\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fc7\u53bb\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bfe\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6478\u7d22\u7684\u6210\u6548\u5230\u5e95\u5982\u4f55\u56fa\u7136\u6709\u5f85\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u8bfe\u9898\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e4b\u65b0\u9896\u9c9c\u4eae\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u601d\u8def\u4e4b\u8e0f\u5b9e\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u503c\u5f97\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u524d\u666f\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u7ed9DNA\u7684\u53f2\u5b66\u5e94\u7528\u6811\u7acb\u65b0\u7684\u5178\u8303\u3002\u8bd5\u4e3e\u4e00\u4f8b\u4e8e\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u9ad8\u7b49\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684Patrick Geary\u6559\u6388\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u53f2\u9886\u57df\u7684\u91cd\u9547\uff0c\u591a\u79cd\u8457\u4f5c\u90fd\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u6587\u732e\uff08standard literature\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u76ee\u524d\u6b63\u9886\u5bfc\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u9645\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u57fa\u56e0\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a764-6\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u4f26\u5df4\u7b2c\u4eba\u8d8a\u8fc7\u963f\u5c14\u5351\u65af\u5c71\u81ea\u5317\u5411\u5357\u7684\u79fb\u6c11\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6b27\u6d32\u53e4\u5178\u540e\u671f\u548c\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u65e9\u671f\uff08\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u79f0\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u4e3aLate Antiquity\uff09\u6240\u8c13\u86ee\u65cf\u5165\u4fb5\u6216\u86ee\u65cf\u8fc1\u5f99\uff0c\u5386\u6765\u662f\u6b27\u6d32\u53f2\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u9898\u76ee\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u671f\u7684\u6587\u732e\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u65af\u582a\u7684\u7eb3\u7ef4\u4e9a\u7684\u4f26\u5df4\u7b2c\u4eba\u8fc1\u5230\u4e2d\u6b27\u6570\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4e8e6\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\u534a\u53f6\u4ece\u591a\u7459\u6cb3\u4ee5\u5357\u7684\u6f58\u8bfa\u5c3c\u4e9a\uff08Pannonia\uff09\u5730\u533a\u5357\u8fc1\u8fdb\u5165\u610f\u5927\u5229\u534a\u5c9b\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4f26\u5df4\u7b2c\u738b\u56fd\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u5386\u53f2\u53d9\u8ff0\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u8c03\u4f26\u5df4\u7b2c\u4eba\u5357\u8fc1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u81ea\u8eab\u5386\u53f2\u4f20\u7edf\u3001\u4e0d\u4e0e\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u7fa4\u6df7\u5408\u7684\u4e00\u9762\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f9d\u7167\u81f3\u8fdf\u786e\u7acb\u4e8e19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f26\u5df4\u7b2c\u4eba\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5357\u8fc1\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5317\u90e8\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u9762\u8c8c\uff0c\u4eba\u53e3\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\u662f\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

Patrick Geary\u6559\u6388\u60f3\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff1a\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u6b63\u5982\u540c19\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u6d6a\u6f2b\u60f3\u8c61\u90a3\u6837\u771f\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u81ea\u65af\u582a\u7684\u7eb3\u7ef4\u4e9a\u81f3\u610f\u5927\u5229\u548c\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u65cf\u7fa4\u4eba\u53e3\u8fc1\u5f99\uff1f\u8fd8\u662f\u5982\u8fd1\u5e74\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u6240\u4e3b\u5f20\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u5e1d\u56fd\u884c\u653f\u548c\u8d22\u653f\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0b\u6240\u62db\u52df\u7684\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u5f02\u8d28\u6587\u5316\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u53d7\u5e1d\u56fd\u96c7\u4f63\u800c\u5b9a\u5c45\u5728\u5e1d\u56fd\u7f18\u8fb9\u533a\u57df\uff1f\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u7fa4\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u5f7c\u6b64\u5dee\u5f02\u660e\u663e\u3001\u6709\u6e05\u6670\u65cf\u7fa4\u8fb9\u754c\u7684\u53e4\u8001\u86ee\u65cf\u90e8\u843d\u5462\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u4e61\u5df4\u4f6c\u6216\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u201c\u86ee\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6709\u65f6\u5728\u65cf\u7fa4\u6807\u7b7e\u4e0b\u8054\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u6253\u5bb6\u52ab\u820d\u751a\u81f3\u79f0\u738b\u79f0\u5e1d\uff1f\u2014\u2014\u4f9d\u636e\u4f20\u7edf\u53f2\u6599\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e4b\u540e\u5199\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u5b66\u6027\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u96f6\u788e\u6563\u4e71\u7684\u884c\u653f\u6587\u4e66\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6709\u5173\u5893\u846c\u4e0e\u805a\u843d\u7684\u4e0d\u5927\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8003\u53e4\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u8ba9\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u8bc6\u3002\u8fd9\u6b63\u662fDNA\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u6325\u4f18\u52bf\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728Patrick Geary\u6559\u6388\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u8fc7\u53bb\u7528\u57fa\u56e0\u7814\u7a76\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u53d7\u56f0\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u77ed\u677f\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u63a2\u8def\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u53d6\u81ea\u6d3b\u4eba\u7684DNA\u6837\u672c\u6765\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5176\u7956\u5148\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u8bb8\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u975e\u5e38\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u8fc1\u5f99\u6848\u4f8b\uff08\u5982\u4eba\u7c7b\u8d70\u51fa\u975e\u6d32\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u5982\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u8fd9\u6837\u8f83\u665a\u8fd1\u7684\u8fc1\u5f99\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u5047\u5b9a\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u6240\u5e0c\u671b\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8fc1\u5f99\u53d1\u751f\u4e4b\u524d\u548c\u53d1\u751f\u4e4b\u540e\u8be5\u4eba\u7fa4\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u6301\u6781\u7aef\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u4e0d\u53d7\u5916\u6765\u4eba\u53e3\u7684\u5e72\u6270\uff09\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8981\u4ece\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u5893\u846c\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97DNA\uff0c\u53e4\u4ee3\u4eba\u4f53\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53ef\u4f9b\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u6570\u636e\u76f8\u5f53\u7a00\u5c11\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u53ea\u662f\u975e\u57fa\u56e0\u91cd\u7ec4\u4f53\u7684\u3001\u6e90\u81ea\u6bcd\u7cfb\u7684\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53DNA\uff0c\u5728\u4eba\u4f53\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4e2d\u6240\u5360\u7684\u4efd\u989d\u5341\u5206\u5fae\u5c0f\uff0c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u5306\u5306\u505a\u51fa\u91cd\u5927\u5386\u53f2\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u9760\u4e0d\u4f4f\u7684\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u82f1\u56fd\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6Mark Thomas\u6240\u8bbd\u523a\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u65e0\u5f02\u4e8e\u53ea\u8bfb\u4e86\u4e00\u672c500\u9875\u4e66\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u9875\u5c31\u8981\u603b\u7ed3\u5168\u4e66\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4f9d\u9760\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53DNA\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u83b7\u5f97\u5386\u53f2\u7ed3\u8bba\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u5ffd\u7565\u6216\u9690\u85cf\u4e86\u7956\u5148\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u6027\u548c\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002\u6362\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u90a3\u79cd\u53ea\u5bfb\u89c5\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53\u548cY\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u8ba8\u8bba\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u72b9\u5982\u65e9\u671f\u8003\u53e4\u90a3\u79cd\u5bfb\u5b9d\u5f0f\u7684\u91ce\u86ee\u53d1\u6398\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u7edd\u4e0d\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5206\u8fa8\u53e4\u4ee3\u57fa\u56e0\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u54ea\u4e9b\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4f26\u5df4\u7b2c\u4eba\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\u8fd1\u5e74\u5206\u5b50\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684DNA\u6d4b\u5e8f\u6280\u672f\u6709\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u201c\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u6d4b\u5e8f\u201d\uff08next-generation sequencing\uff09\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u529f\u5730\u4ece\u53e4\u4ee3\u4eba\u9aa8\u63d0\u53d6\u5927\u89c4\u6a21DNA\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5168\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u4f9d\u9760\u8fd9\u6837\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u57fa\u56e0\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u7a7a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u7fa4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4eb2\u7f18\u5173\u7cfb\u3002Patrick Geary\u6559\u6388\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u65e9\u671f\u201c\u86ee\u65cf\u8fc1\u5f99\u201d\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e86\u5305\u62ec\u9057\u4f20\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u4f53\u8d28\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u63ed\u5f006\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\u534a\u671f\u4f26\u5df4\u7b2c\u4eba\u81ea\u6f58\u8bfa\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5730\u533a\uff08\u5927\u81f4\u5305\u542b\u4eca\u5965\u5730\u5229\u4e1c\u90e8\u3001\u5308\u7259\u5229\u548c\u6377\u514b\uff09\u5357\u5f99\u8fdb\u5165\u610f\u5927\u5229\u8fd9\u4e00\u4f20\u7edf\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u9898\u7684\u771f\u76f8\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\u6f58\u8bfa\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5730\u533a\u548c\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5317\u90e8\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4f26\u5df4\u7b2c\u4eba\u5893\u5730\u6240\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u767e\u5177\u4eba\u9aa8DNA\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u4e94\u5343\u591a\u5355\u6838\u82f7\u9178\u591a\u6001\u6027\uff08SNP\uff09\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6765\u91cd\u5efa\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u5730\u533a\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u53f2\u3002<\/p>\n

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