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1926\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u56de\u56fd\uff0c7\u6708\uff0c\u5230\u6e05\u534e\u56fd\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u4e0a\u4efb\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u56fd\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u4e09\u5e74\uff0c\u4e0e\u738b\u56fd\u7ef4\u3001\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u3001\u8d75\u5143\u4efb\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4eab\u53d7\u6708\u85aa400\u94f6\u5143\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u3002\u2461<\/p>\n

1926-1929\u5e74\uff0c\u5c1a\u6709\u5317\u5927\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u56fd\u5b66\u95e8\u8058\u8bf7\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e3a\u5bfc\u5e08\uff0c\u71d5\u4eac\u5927\u5b66(\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0\u201c\u71d5\u5927\u201d)\u56fd\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u8058\u8bf7\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e3b\u6301\u8be5\u6240\uff0c\u8bb2\u6388\u534e\u68b5\u6bd4\u8f83\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u5317\u5e73\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u8058\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e3a\u53f2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u4e3b\u4efb\uff0c\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u8058\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e3a\u517c\u804c\u7814\u7a76\u5458\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u6700\u7ec8\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b0\u5f0f\u5b66\u672f\u56e2\u4f53\u90fd\u662f\u201c\u6d77\u5f52\u201d\u805a\u96c6\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4ece\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5230\u9aa8\u5e72\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u4ece\u7b79\u5efa\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u5230\u5177\u4f53\u5b66\u672f\u79d1\u7814\uff0c\u5f52\u56fd\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u90fd\u8d77\u7740\u4e3e\u8db3\u8f7b\u91cd\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8058\u8bf7\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\uff0c\u8bb8\u4ee5\u9ad8\u85aa\uff0c\u770b\u91cd\u7684\u6b63\u662f\u4ed6\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u7559\u5b66\u7ecf\u5386\u3001\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u57df\u5916\u8bed\u6587\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u7528\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u6574\u7406\u56fd\u6545\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6e05\u534e\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u62db\u8058\u6559\u5e08\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u5236\u8ba2\u4e86\u201c\u53d7\u8058\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u7cbe\u901a\u56fd\u5b66\uff0c\u80fd\u7528\u6b63\u786e\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u6cbb\u5b66\uff0c\u719f\u6089\u6b27\u7f8e\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u5b66\u8005\u7814\u7a76\u4e1c\u65b9\u65b0\u6210\u679c\u201d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u2462\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u9009\u62e9\u6e05\u534e\u56fd\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u548c\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u4e0d\u52a8\u6447\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u4ed6\u62e5\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u9876\u7ea7\u5b66\u672f\u673a\u6784\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u201c\u53cc\u4ff8\u201d\u5f85\u9047\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u683c\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u6559\u6388\u4e2d\u7684\u6559\u6388\"<\/p>\n

\u9752\u5e74\u9648\u5bc5\u606a<\/p>\n

1929\u5e746\u6708\u5e95\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u56fd\u5b66\u9662\u505c\u529e\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u88ab\u6539\u5236\u540e\u7684\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66(\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0\u201c\u6e05\u534e\u201d)\u6587\u5b66\u9662\u5386\u53f2\u7cfb\u3001\u4e2d\u6587\u7cfb\u5408\u8058\uff0c\u54f2\u5b66\u7cfb\u4e5f\u8058\u8bf7\u4ed6\u5f00\u8bfe\u3002\u2463<\/p>\n

1931\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u6885\u8d3b\u7426\u4efb\u6e05\u534e\u6821\u957f\u540e\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u300a\u6559\u5e08\u670d\u52a1\u53ca\u5f85\u9047\u89c4\u7a0b\u300b\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u6559\u6388\u6708\u85aa\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a300-400\u5143\uff0c\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u8d21\u732e\u8005\u53ef\u8d85\u8fc7\u6b64\u9650\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8500\u5143\u3002\u6bcf\u4e24\u5e74\u52a0\u85aa\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u52a020\u5143\uff0c\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u6210\u5c31\u8005\uff0c\u53ef\u52a040\u5143\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u9075\u5faa\u4e861927\u5e749\u6708\u5357\u4eac\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u6559\u80b2\u884c\u653f\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u300a\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u5458\u85aa\u4ff8\u8868\u300b\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u6e05\u534e\u7ecf\u8d39\u6765\u81ea\u5e9a\u5b50\u8d54\u6b3e\u9000\u6b3e\uff0c\u8d44\u91d1\u6765\u6e90\u96c4\u539a\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u5176\u6559\u5e08\u5e73\u5747\u85aa\u6d25\u5f85\u9047\u8981\u9ad8\u4e8e\u4e00\u822c\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u2464\u5728\u4f4f\u623f\u5f85\u9047\u4e0a\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u7684\u6559\u6388\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u4eab\u4e00\u5e62\u4f4f\u5b85\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6839\u636e\u6e05\u534e\u300a\u6c11\u56fd\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u81f3\u4e8c\u5341\u516d\u5e74\u5ea6(1931-1937)\u6559\u5e08\u4e00\u89c8\u8868\u300b\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u7684\u6708\u85aa1931\u5e74\u4e3a400\u5143\uff0c1933\u5e74440\u5143\uff0c1934\u30011935\u5e74460\u5143\uff0c1937-1939\u5e74480\u5143\uff0c1938\u5e747-9\u6708\u201c\u56fd\u7acb\u897f\u5357\u8054\u5927\u5458\u5de5\u85aa\u4ff8\u8868\u201d\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u6587\u5b66\u966217\u4f4d\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u5de5\u8d44\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u6708\u85aa\u4e3a480\u5143\uff0c\u5b9e\u53d1351\u5143\uff0c\u4e3a\u5168\u9662\u6700\u9ad8\u3002\u24651938\u30011939\u5e747\u6708\u8fd9\u4e24\u5e74\u6e05\u534e\u53d1\u7ed9\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u7684\u8058\u4e66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b3e\u8f7d\u660e\u6708\u85aa\u201c\u56fd\u5e01480\u5143\u201d\u3002\u24661940\u5e74\u897f\u5357\u8054\u5927\u85aa\u4ff8\u8868\u518c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u9875\u5217\u6709\u6e05\u534e\u3001\u5317\u5927\u3001\u5357\u5f00\u4e09\u682166\u4f4d\u6559\u5e08\u5de5\u8d44\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u6708\u85aa500\u5143\uff0c\u51af\u53cb\u5170\u3001\u5434\u5b93\u3001\u91d1\u5cb3\u9716\u3001\u5434\u6709\u8bad\u3001\u53f6\u4f01\u5b59450\u5143\uff0c\u5218\u6587\u5178\u3001\u95fb\u4e00\u591a\u3001\u9648\u798f\u7530\u3001\u6c64\u7528\u5f64\u3001\u59da\u4ece\u543e\u3001\u7f57\u5e38\u57f9\u3001\u53f6\u516c\u8d85440\u5143\uff0c\u6731\u81ea\u6e05\u3001\u6bdb\u5b50\u6c34\u3001\u90d1\u5929\u633a420\u5143\u3002\u2467\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5728\u6e05\u534e\u652f\u9886\u7684\u85aa\u91d1\u4e00\u76f4\u5c45\u4e8e\u6587\u5b66\u9662\u4e4b\u9996\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5168\u6821\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u5c1a\u96be\u8003\u5b9a\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u62e5\u6709\u201c\u53cc\u4ff8\u201d\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8eab\u4efd\u2014\u2014\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u5458\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u672c\u6765\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u85aa\u4ff8\u9526\u4e0a\u6dfb\u82b1\u3002<\/p>\n

1928\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u5728\u5e7f\u5dde\u6b63\u5f0f\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u4efb\u6240\u957f\u3002\u4ed6\u51b3\u5fc3\u7387\u9886\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u4e0e\u6cd5\u56fd\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u4e89\u80dc\uff0c\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u201c\u8981\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u4e4b\u6b63\u7edf\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u201d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u6b64\u65f6\u4fee\u53f2\u975e\u7559\u5b66\u751f\u4e0d\u53ef\u201d\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u60f3\u5230\u5f53\u65f6\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u4eba\u4e2d\u6700\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u7528\u6b27\u6d32\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u8303\u5f0f\u6cbb\u5b66\u7684\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u3002\u800c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5bf9\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u53d1\u8d77\u201c\u53f2\u5b66\u9769\u547d\u201d\u7684\u89c6\u91ce\u5883\u754c\u3001\u7406\u5ff5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u9887\u4e3a\u6b23\u8d4f\uff0c\u6b23\u7136\u52a0\u76df\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u3002\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5f53\u65f6\u6708\u85aa400\u5143\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u6e05\u534e\u3001\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u4e24\u8fb9\u517c\u804c\uff0c\u6709\u201c\u5408\u8058\u201d\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u6545\u4e24\u5bb6\u5546\u8bae\u5404\u627f\u62c5\u4e00\u534a\u3002\u2468<\/p>\n

1929\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u4ece\u5e7f\u5dde\u8fc1\u5230\u5317\u5e73\uff0c\u5bf9\u5185\u90e8\u673a\u6784\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5927\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u5c06\u539f\u5b9a\u516b\u4e2a\u7ec4\u6536\u7f29\u6539\u7f16\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u7ec4\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4efb\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ec4(\u5386\u53f2\u7ec4)\u4e3b\u4efb\u3002\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u8fc1\u5317\u5e73\u540e\uff0c\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u62c5\u5fc3\u6240\u91cc\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6210\u5458\u56e0\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u4efb\u6559\u800c\u4eba\u624d\u5916\u6d41\uff0c\u51b3\u610f\u53d6\u6d88\u517c\u804c\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u7684\u540d\u4e49\uff0c\u8bf7\u4ed6\u4eec\u8f9e\u53bb\u6240\u5916\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u517c\u804c\uff0c\u505a\u4e13\u804c\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u3002\u5982\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u5176\u6539\u4e3a\u7279\u7ea6\u7814\u7a76\u5458(\u7279\u7ea6\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u4e0d\u652f\u85aa\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u56fa\u5b9a\u5730\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e00\u5b9a\u62a5\u916c)\u3002\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e0d\u613f\u653e\u5f03\u6e05\u534e\u6559\u804c\uff0c\u66fe\u8003\u8651\u8f9e\u53bb\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u804c\u52a1\u30021930\u5e743\u670815\u65e5\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u81f4\u51fd\u5085\u65af\u5e74\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e0d\u518d\u9886\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u85aa\u91d1\uff0c\u5728\u6e05\u534e\u9886\u5168\u85aa\u3002\u2469<\/p>\n

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\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u7684\u201c\u53cc\u4ff8\u201d\u6708\u85aa1931\u5e74\u5c31\u8fbe\u5230500\u5143\uff0c1935\u5e74\u9ad8\u8fbe560\u5143\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u7a3f\u916c\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u6570\u989d\u5df2\u975e\u5e38\u53ef\u89c2\uff0c\u5df2\u8dfb\u8eab\u5f53\u65f6\u6587\u4eba\u5b66\u8005\u85aa\u6d25\u6536\u5165\u6700\u9ad8\u8005\u7684\u884c\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e0e\u5085\u65af\u5e74<\/p>\n

1927-1937\u5e74\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u85aa\u916c\u4e30\u539a\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u4ed6\u4e13\u5fc3\u6cbb\u5b66\uff0c\u52c7\u731b\u7cbe\u8fdb\u5b66\u95ee\u7684\u6c14\u8c61\u5e7f\u535a\u7cbe\u4e25\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u5b66\u672f\u6210\u679c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u4e30\u4ea7\u671f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u6279\u5173\u4e8e\u897f\u5317\u53f2\u5730\u4e4b\u5b66\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e3a40\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6210\u679c\u5728\u8d44\u6599\u3001\u8bb0\u6ce8\u3001\u6784\u601d\u4e0a\u505a\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u524d\u671f\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u636e\u82cf\u4e91\u5cf0\u5bf9\u6e05\u534e\u6587\u5b66\u96621937\u5e74\u524d\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u6210\u679c\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u662f\u6587\u5b66\u9662\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\u6700\u591a\u7684\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u4e3a\u8d75\u5143\u4efb\u3001\u738b\u529b\u3001\u6731\u81ea\u6e05\u3001\u6768\u6811\u8fbe\u3002(12)1937\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u5728\u7ed9\u80e1\u9002\u7684\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\u4e2d\u8868\u626c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u80fd\u5728\u6e05\u534e\u5173\u95e8\u95ed\u6237\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e60\u60ef\u4eba\u60c5\u5f80\u6765\uff0c\u6f5c\u5fc3\u8457\u8ff0\uff0c\u6545\u6587\u7ae0\u6e90\u6e90\u800c\u81f3\uff0c\u5176\u6587\u7ae0\u6570\u76ee\u5728\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u3002(13)\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u51ed\u501f\u5e7f\u535a\u7684\u57df\u5916\u8bed\u6587\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u65b0\u9896\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u672f\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u6df1\u539a\u7684\u56fd\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u7ee7\u738b\u56fd\u7ef4\u3001\u9648\u57a3\u4e4b\u540e\u8131\u9896\u800c\u51fa\uff0c\u663e\u9732\u51fa\u5f15\u9886\u6f6e\u6d41\u7684\u5927\u5e08\u6c14\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ec5\u4ee5\u4ed6\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u51e0\u7bc7\u91cd\u8981\u8bba\u6587\u4e3a\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

1930\u5e74\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u63a8\u51fa\u56db\u7bc7\u7814\u7a76\u300a\u8499\u53e4\u6e90\u6d41\u300b\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5373\u300a\u5410\u8543\u5f5d\u6cf0\u8d5e\u666e\u540d\u53f7\u5e74\u4ee3\u8003\u300b\u3001\u300a\u7075\u5dde\u3001\u5b81\u590f\u3001\u6986\u6797\u4e09\u57ce\u8bd1\u540d\u8003\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5f70\u6240\u77e5\u8bba\u4e0e\u3008\u8499\u53e4\u6e90\u6d41\u3009\u300b\u3001\u300a\u3008\u8499\u53e4\u6e90\u6d41\u3009\u4f5c\u8005\u4e16\u7cfb\u8003\u300b\u3002\u300a\u8499\u53e4\u6e90\u6d41\u300b\u662f\u660e\u671d\u4e07\u5386\u5e74\u95f4\u5185\u8499\u53e4\u9102\u5c14\u591a\u65af\u8d35\u65cf\u8428\u56ca\u5f7b\u8fb0\u6240\u8457\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u8499\u53e4\u53f2\u4e66\u3002\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4ee5\u8499\u6587\u539f\u672c\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u7528\u85cf\u8bd1\u3001\u6ee1\u8bd1\u548c\u6c49\u8bd1\u7684\u5f02\u672c\u4e92\u6821\u3001\u6bd4\u52d8\u300a\u8499\u53e4\u6e90\u6d41\u300b\u540c\u6e90\u5f02\u6d41\u7248\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u6279\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u610f\u4e49\u91cd\u5927\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u6211\u56fd\u8499\u5143\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5165\u76f4\u63a5\u5229\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u6587\u5b57\u53f2\u6599\u548c\u8fd0\u7528\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u65b0\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u56db\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u300a\u5f70\u6240\u77e5\u8bba\u4e0e\u3008\u8499\u53e4\u6e90\u6d41\u3009\u300b\u4e00\u6587\u4ef7\u503c\u6700\u5927\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u4ece\u300a\u5927\u85cf\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u8003\u8bc1\u51fa\u5143\u671d\u56fd\u5e08\u516b\u601d\u5df4\u4e3a\u771f\u594e\u592a\u5b50\u6240\u8457\u7684\u300a\u5f70\u6240\u77e5\u8bba\u300b\u4e0e\u300a\u8499\u53e4\u6e90\u6d41\u300b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6e0a\u6e90\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u6821\u52d8\u3001\u8003\u8ba2\u8be5\u4e66\u7684\u4e1c\u65b9\u8bf8\u6587\u79cd\u8bd1\u672c\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e\u5bf9\u6c49\u3001\u85cf\u3001\u8499\u6587\u732e\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6307\u51fa\u300a\u8499\u53e4\u6e90\u6d41\u300b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u89c2\u5ff5\u548c\u7f16\u64b0\u4f53\u88c1\uff0c\u90fd\u53d6\u4e4b\u4e8e\u516b\u601d\u5df4\u7684\u300a\u5f70\u6240\u77e5\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u300a\u5f70\u6240\u77e5\u8bba\u300b\u662f\u8499\u53e4\u53f2\u6599\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ed3\u8bba\u5bf9\u5b66\u754c\u6b64\u540e\u7684\u8499\u53e4\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002(14)<\/p>\n

\u300a\u5410\u8543\u5f5d\u6cf0\u8d5e\u666e\u540d\u53f7\u5e74\u4ee3\u8003\u300b\u4ea6\u88ab\u5b66\u754c\u79f0\u9053\u3002\u8be5\u6587\u8003\u8bba\u7efc\u5408\u85cf\u6587\u3001\u8499\u6587\u3001\u6ee1\u6587\u3001\u5fb7\u6587\u3001\u62c9\u4e01\u6587\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u6c49\u6587\u53f2\u7c4d\u53ca\u201c\u957f\u5e86\u5510\u8543\u4f1a\u76df\u7891\u201d\u8fd9\u4e00\u73cd\u8d35\u7684\u6587\u7269\uff0c\u8003\u8bc1\u300a\u6e90\u6d41\u300b\u4e2d\u201c\u8fbe\u5c14\u739b\u6301\u677e\u5792\u201d\u5373\u6717\u8fbe\u5c14\u739b\u4e0e\u53ef\u9ece\u53ef\u8db3(\u5373\u6566\u714c\u5199\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e5e\u91cc\u63d0\u8db3\uff0c\u300a\u65b0\u5510\u4e66\u00b7\u5410\u8543\u4f20\u300b\u4e4b\u5f5d\u6cf0\u8d5e\u666e)\u7684\u5408\u79f0\uff0c\u5bf9\u540e\u4e16\u85cf\u5b66\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u5230\u826f\u597d\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u4f5c\u7528\u3002(15)<\/p>\n

1934\u5e74\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u53c8\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u300a\u56db\u58f0\u4e09\u95ee\u300b\u8fd9\u6837\u6781\u4e3a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u97f3\u97f5\u5b66\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u81f4\u597d\u8bc4\u3002\u6768\u6811\u8fbe\u79f0\u8d5e\u8be5\u6587\u201c\u7acb\u8bba\u7cbe\u51ff\u4e0d\u53ef\u6613\u201d\u3002(16)\u6731\u81ea\u6e05\u5728\u65e5\u8bb0\u4e2d\u4e24\u6b21\u4e88\u4ee5\u6458\u5f55\u8be5\u6587\u7684\u8981\u70b9\u7cbe\u4e49\u3002(17)\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u53bb\u4e16\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u5f1f\u5b50\u8bb8\u4e16\u745b\u5728\u60bc\u6587\u4e2d\u79f0\u9882\u201c\u5bc5\u606a\u5e08\u5e76\u975e\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4ed6\u5199\u7684\u300a\u56db\u58f0\u4e09\u95ee\u300b\uff0c\u786e\u662f\u4e00\u7bc7\u5343\u53e4\u4e0d\u673d\u7684\u8bba\u8457\uff0c\u6211\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bb2\u2018\u56db\u58f0\u2019\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u5411\u540c\u5b66\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5bc5\u606a\u5e08\u8fd9\u7bc7\u5927\u8457\u201d\u3002(18)\u52b3\u5e72\u4ea6\u5728\u56de\u5fc6\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u81f3\u4e8e\u300a\u56db\u58f0\u4e09\u95ee\u300b\u90a3\u4e00\u7bc7\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u672c\u6709\u56db\u58f0(\u4f46\u56db\u58f0\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u53d8\u8c03\uff0c\u56db\u58f0\u4e4b\u5206\u4e0d\u6613\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0)\u3002\u800c\u80fd\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u56db\u58f0\u7684\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u9760\u68b5\u6587\u7684\u542f\u793a\u3002\u6b64\u4ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u5343\u79cb\u4e4b\u79d8\u3002\u201d(19)<\/p>\n

1937\u5e74\u6297\u6218\u7206\u53d1\u524d\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u5956\u3002\u83b7\u5956\u524d(1936\u5e7411\u6708)\uff0c\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u8054\u7edc\u80e1\u9002\u63a8\u8350\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e3a\u4e2d\u534e\u6559\u80b2\u6587\u5316\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a(\u7b80\u79f0\u201c\u4e2d\u57fa\u4f1a\u201d)\u79d1\u5b66\u5956\u5386\u53f2\u79d1\u5019\u9009\u4eba\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u4e66\u4e91\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u9648\u541b\u7814\u7a76\u8303\u56f4\u751a\u5e7f\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u53f2\u5b66\u4e4b\u5404\u90e8\u591a\u6240\u7cbe\u901a\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u4e13\u6cbb\u664b\u516d\u671d\u968b\u5510\u53f2\uff0c\u6240\u6210\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u4e0d\u7279\u7686\u6709\u72ec\u5230\uff0c\u4e14\u7686\u4ee5\u5c0f\u89c1\u5927\uff0c\u7ed3\u8bba\u786e\u4e0d\u53ef\u6613\u3002\u9648\u541b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u897f\u6d0b\u6587\u53f2\u5b66\u4e4b\u7d20\u517b\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\uff0c\u53c8\u901a\u4e60\u68b5\u85cf\u8499\u8bf8\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u80fd\u517c\u7528\u4e2d\u897f\u53f2\u5b66\u8005\u4e4b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e76\u517c\u9020\u5176\u6781\u4e5f\u2026\u2026\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e4b\u53f2\u5b66\uff0c\u867d\u8003\u8bc1\u4e0a\u4e0d\u4e4f\u7cbe\u786e\u5de5\u592b\uff0c\u800c\u53d6\u6750\u4e4b\u8303\u56f4\u751a\u72ed\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8303\u56f4\u9887\u80fd\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u800c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u80fd\u7cbe\u5bc6\u3002\u81ea\u4e0e\u6b27\u6d32\u4e4b\u6b63\u7edf\u4e4b\u6587\u53f2\u5b66\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u7a0d\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u591a\u4ee5\u5f00\u98ce\u6c14\u4e3a\u4e8b\uff0c\u5176\u6709\u575a\u5b9e\u4e4b\u57fa\u7840\u8005\uff0c\u9648\u541b\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4eba\u3002(20)<\/p>\n

\u201c\u4e2d\u57fa\u4f1a\u201d\u81ea1928\u5e74\u8bbe\u7acb\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u4e2a\u4eba\u5956\u52b1\u7684\u53ea\u6709\u516b\u4eba\uff0c\u6587\u79d1\u7684\u83b7\u9009\u8005\u59cb\u7ec8\u53ea\u6709\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u3002(21)1938\u5e74\u80e1\u9002\u5411\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u63a8\u8350\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\uff0c\u5373\u628a\u4ed6\u83b7\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e00\u5956\u9879\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63a8\u8350\u4f9d\u636e\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u9664\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u6e05\u534e\u548c\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u4e24\u4e2a\u9876\u7ea7\u5b66\u672f\u673a\u6784\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6210\u5458\u8eab\u4efd\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6545\u5bab\u535a\u7269\u9662\u7406\u4e8b\uff0c\u201c\u4e2d\u57fa\u4f1a\u201d\u7f16\u8bd1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u59d4\u5458\uff0c\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u8bc4\u8bae\u5458\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u8bc4\u8bae\u5458\u6700\u4e3a\u5c0a\u8363\u3002\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u8bc4\u8bae\u4f1a\u4e3a\u5168\u56fd\u6700\u9ad8\u5b66\u672f\u8bc4\u8bae\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u7531\u5f53\u7136\u8bc4\u8bae\u5458(\u9662\u957f\u3001\u5404\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6240\u957f)\u548c\u8058\u4efb\u7814\u7a76\u5458(\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u8058\u8bf7\u7684\u56fd\u5185\u4e13\u5bb6)\u7ec4\u6210\u30021935\u5e746\u6708\u9009\u4e3e\u8058\u4efb\u8bc4\u8bae\u545830\u4eba\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a10\u4e2a\u6240\u957f\uff0c\u517141\u4eba\u7ec4\u6210\u9996\u5c4a\u8bc4\u8bae\u4f1a\uff0c\u4efb\u671f\u4e3a\u4e94\u5e74\u3002\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e0e\u80e1\u9002\u3001\u9648\u57a3\u5f53\u9009\u5386\u53f2\u7ec4\u7684\u9996\u5c4a\u8058\u4efb\u8bc4\u8bae\u5458\u3002(22)<\/p>\n

1935\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u539f\u4e2d\u6587\u6559\u6388\u82cf\u7ef4\u5ec9\u53bb\u4e16\uff0c\u725b\u6d25\u6b63\u5f0f\u5ba3\u5e03\u53e6\u89c5\u4eba\u9009\u586b\u8865\u4e2d\u6587\u6559\u6388\u7684\u7a7a\u7f3a\u30021938\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u725b\u6d25\u4f5c\u51fa\u8058\u8bf7\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u8058\u4efb\u6559\u6388\u7684\u8363\u8a89\uff0c\u4f7f\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e00\u5ea6\u6210\u4e3a\u6587\u5316\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7684\u8bdd\u9898\u4eba\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u8d74\u82f1\u6267\u6559\u5374\u4e0d\u987a\u5229\u3002\u4ed6\u4e8e1939\u5e74\u30011940\u5e74\u6691\u5047\u4e24\u6b21\u51c6\u5907\u4ece\u9999\u6e2f\u8d74\u82f1\u4f26\u90fd\u672a\u6210\u884c\u30021941\u5e7412\u6708\u4e0b\u65ec\u9999\u6e2f\u6ca6\u9677\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u88ab\u56f0\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u3002<\/p>\n

1942\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e00\u5bb6\u5728\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u3001\u6731\u5bb6\u9a85(\u65f6\u4efb\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u4ee3\u9662\u957f)\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u5927\u529b\u8425\u6551\u4e0b\uff0c\u64a4\u79bb\u9999\u6e2f\u30025\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u6731\u5bb6\u9a85\u81f4\u7535\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u524d\u5f80\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u9a7b\u5730\u2014\u2014\u56db\u5ddd\u5b9c\u5bbe\u5357\u6eaa\u674e\u5e84\uff0c\u7535\u6587\u4e2d\u6709\u201c\u672c\u9662\u5386\u53f2\u8bed\u8a00\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5de5\u4f5c\u6b63\u52a0\u7d27\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u52a1\u987b\u5373\u65e5\u9996\u9014\u6765\u6e1d\u201d\u4e4b\u8bed\u3002(23)\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e00\u5bb66\u6708\u5230\u8fbe\u6842\u6797\u540e\uff0c\u9047\u5230\u5168\u5bb6\u7cbe\u75b2\u529b\u7aed\u3001\u81ea\u5df1\u75c5\u75db\u7f20\u8eab\u7684\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u9042\u8bf7\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u8f6c\u6258\u676d\u7acb\u6b66\u4ee5\u4e2d\u82f1\u5e9a\u6b3e\u4f1a\u8bb2\u5ea7\u5f62\u5f0f\u5728\u5e7f\u897f\u5927\u5b66\u4efb\u6559\u3002\u65f6\u4efb\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u603b\u5e72\u4e8b\u7684\u53f6\u4f01\u5b59\u62c5\u5fc3\u897f\u5357\u8054\u5927\u53ec\u56de\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\uff0c\u62a2\u5148\u7ed9\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5bc4\u53d1\u4e86\u4e13\u4efb\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u8058\u4e66\uff0c\u53d1\u7ed9\u5168\u85aa\u3002\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u5f97\u77e5\u540e\u575a\u6301\u4e13\u4efb\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u5fc5\u987b\u5230\u6240\u5750\u73ed\u4ece\u4e8b\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u53f6\u4f01\u5b59\u6539\u53d1\u7ed9\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u201c\u4e13\u4efb\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u9002\u7528\u517c\u4efb\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u5f85\u9047\u201d\u8058\u4e66\uff0c\u6d25\u8d34\u7531100\u5143\u52a0\u5230140\u5143\u3002(24)<\/p>\n

\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u6ede\u7559\u6842\u6797\u65f6\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u5f00\u59cb\u5b9e\u65bd\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u7279\u8058\u6559\u6388\u8ba1\u5212\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5165\u9009\u3002\u6c11\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u3001\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u6709\u4e09\u5927\u8363\u8a89\uff0c\u5373\u90e8\u8058\u6559\u6388\u3001\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u8bc4\u8bae\u5458\u3001\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u3002\u201c\u90e8\u8058\u6559\u6388\u201d\u5373\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ea7\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4eab\u6709\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5728\u85aa\u6d25\u5f85\u9047\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5f88\u4f18\u539a\u30021942\u5e747\u6708\uff0c28\u5bb6\u56fd\u7acb\u9662\u6821\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u56e2\u4f53\u63a8\u8350121\u540d\u5019\u9009\u4eba\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u7531\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u63d0\u540d\u800535\u4eba\u30028\u6708\uff0c\u7ecf\u4f1a\u8bae\u8868\u51b3\uff0c\u9009\u4e3e\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u627930\u4eba\uff0c(25)\u53ef\u89c1\u5f53\u9009\u90e8\u8058\u6559\u6388\u9887\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u3002(26)<\/p>\n

1942\u5e749\u67085\u65e5\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u9881\u53d1\u300a\u90e8\u8058\u6559\u6388\u670d\u52a1\u7ec6\u5219\u300b\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u201c\u90e8\u8058\u6559\u6388\u9664\u89c4\u5b9a\u85aa\u7ed9\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u6309\u6708\u53e6\u53d1\u7814\u7a76\u8865\u52a9\u8d39400\u5143(1946\u5e74\u589e\u52a0\u52301000\u5143)\u2026\u2026\u90e8\u8058\u6559\u6388\u9664\u4e0d\u5728\u6240\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u652f\u85aa\u4ff8\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u6240\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u5e94\u4e88\u4e00\u822c\u6559\u6388\u4e4b\u6743\u76ca\u5747\u5f97\u4eab\u53d7\u201d\u3002(27)\u4eca\u5b58\u5e7f\u897f\u5927\u5b661943\u5e743\u6708\u53d1\u7ed9\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u85aa\u91d1\u7684\u5c01\u5957\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u5217\u9879\uff1a\u672c\u6708\u85aa\u91d1\uff0c\u65e0\uff1b\u672c\u6708\u751f\u6d3b\u8f85\u52a9\u8d39120\u5143\uff1b\u7c73\u8d34400\u5143\uff1b\u85aa\u4ff8\u52a0\u6210215\u5143\uff1b\u5b9e\u53d1735\u5143\u3002(28)\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u989d\u662f\u4e2d\u82f1\u5e9a\u6b3e\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5e7f\u897f\u5927\u5b66\u53d1\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7684\u85aa\u6d25\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5e7f\u897f\u5927\u5b66\u6309\u201c\u90e8\u8058\u6559\u6388\u9664\u4e0d\u5728\u6240\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u652f\u85aa\u4ff8\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u6240\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u5e94\u4e88\u4e00\u822c\u6559\u6388\u4e4b\u6743\u76ca\u5747\u5f97\u4eab\u53d7\u201d\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u53d1\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7684\u5404\u9879\u8865\u8d34\uff0c\u96be\u5f97\u5176\u8be6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a1943\u5e74\u7531\u90e8\u8058\u6559\u63881000\u5143\u3001\u5e7f\u897f\u5927\u5b66\u6216\u4e2d\u82f1\u5e9a\u6b3e\u4f1a735\u5143\u3001\u53f2\u8bed\u6240140\u5143\u5408\u6210\u7684\u85aa\u91d1\uff0c\u52c9\u5f3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u4ed8\u5f53\u65f6\u6842\u6797\u6708\u8d39\u7ea6\u97002000\u5143\u7684\u7528\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e0e\u5510\u7b7c\u7684\u5168\u5bb6\u798f<\/p>\n

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1943\u5e748\u6708\u5e95\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u643a\u5bb6\u5165\u5ddd\uff0c(31)\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u53f8\u62e8\u7ed910000\u5143\u5dee\u65c5\u8d39\uff0c(32)12\u670828\u65e5\u5230\u6210\u90fd\u71d5\u5927\u62a5\u5230\u3002\u73b0\u5b58\u71d5\u59271943\u5e748\u6708\u53d1\u7ed9\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u7684\u8058\u4e66\uff0c10\u670829\u65e5\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u9884\u652f10000\u5143\u56fd\u5e01\u85aa\u6d25\u5355\uff0c12\u670830\u65e5\u9884\u501f\u7c73\u56db\u6597\u534a\u4fbf\u6761\u7b49\u56fe\u7247\u3002(33)\u5173\u4e8e\u71d5\u59271942\u5e748\u6708\u8058\u8bf7\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u76ee\u4e0b\u5c1a\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5085\u65af\u5e741943\u5e7411\u670826\u65e5\u56de\u590d\u71d5\u5927\u4ee3\u6821\u957f\u6885\u8d3b\u5b9d\u51fd\uff0c\u53ef\u77e5\u71d5\u5927\u5c31\u8058\u4efb\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e8b\u4e0e\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6c9f\u901a\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u5bf9\u9648\u4e0d\u6765\u674e\u5e84\u4e0d\u6ee1\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u674e\u5e84\u6761\u4ef6\u592a\u5dee\uff0c\u9648\u672a\u5fc5\u80fd\u4f4f\u4e0b\u3002\u53c8\u56e0\u516c\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u51c6\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e0d\u518d\u575a\u6301\u6240\u5185\u4eba\u5458\u4e0d\u5f97\u517c\u804c\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e3b\u52a8\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u8054\u7cfb\u804c\u4f4d\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u53e3\u7891\u3002(34)\u6545\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u540c\u610f\u71d5\u5927\u6682\u8058\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u4fdf\u6297\u6218\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u4ecd\u8981\u5c06\u4ed6\u53ec\u56de\uff0c\u6b64\u6743\u51b3\u4e0d\u653e\u5f03\u3002\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u8be5\u51fd\u540e\u534a\u90e8\u5206\u8c08\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u8bed\u8a00\u7ec4\u91cd\u8981\u6210\u5458\u674e\u65b9\u6842\u4e5f\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86\u71d5\u5927\u7684\u8058\u4efb\uff0c\u5c06\u79bb\u5f00\u674e\u5e84\u3002\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u5728\u4fe1\u4e2d\u4e0e\u6885\u8d3b\u5b9d\u7ea6\u5b9a\uff0c\u674e\u65b9\u6842\u4ee5\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u4e0e\u71d5\u5927\u5408\u4f5c\u5f62\u5f0f\u5230\u71d5\u5927\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u85aa\u4ff8\u4ecd\u5728\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u652f\u9886\uff0c\u71d5\u5927\u4ed8\u7ed9\u674e\u65b9\u6842\u517c\u8bfe\u62a5\u916c\u3002(35)\u6885\u8d3b\u5b9d\u51fd\u590d\uff1a\u201c\u5bc5\u606a\u5148\u751f\u4e8b\u8499\u9f0e\u529b\u7389\u6210\uff0c\u65b9\u6842\u5144\u5c48\u9a7e\u6765\u71d5\u5927\u8bb2\u5b66\uff0c\u6b23\u559c\u66f7\u53ef\u80dc\u8a00\u3002\u627f\u793a\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f53\u5168\u90e8\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u201d(36)\u636e\u6b64\u63a8\u65ad\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5230\u71d5\u5927\u517c\u8bfe\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u540c\u610f\u7684\u4e0e\u674e\u65b9\u6842\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u5f62\u5f0f\u30021943\u5e7412\u6708\u4e0b\u65ec\uff0c\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u81f4\u51fd\u71d5\u5927\uff1a\u201c\u90e8\u8058\u7814\u7a76\u6559\u6388\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5148\u751f\u62df\u6539\u9886\u672c\u6240\u4e13\u4efb\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u4e4b\u5168\u90e8\u5f85\u9047\uff0c\u60df\u5176\u65e2\u5728\u8d35\u6821\u4efb\u8bfe\uff0c\u4ecd\u53ef\u63f4\u5f15\u672c\u9662\u5b9a\u7ae0\u5728\u8d35\u6821\u9886\u53d6\u517c\u8bfe\u56db\u5c0f\u65f6\u4e0d\u517c\u884c\u653f\u804c\u52a1\u4e4b\u5404\u9879\u5f85\u9047\u3002\u201d(37)<\/p>\n

\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e0d\u6309\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u7684\u5b89\u6392\u5230\u674e\u5e84\u95f9\u7684\u4e00\u573a\u4e0d\u6109\u5feb\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u9648\u7684\u5165\u5ddd\u800c\u6d88\u5f2d\uff0c\u4e24\u4eba\u53c8\u6062\u590d\u4e86\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u50cf\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u4e00\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u4e24\u4eba\u5173\u7cfb\u56e0\u6b64\u51fa\u73b0\u5371\u673a\u90a3\u6837\u4e25\u91cd\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u7a81\u7834\u4e86\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u5fc5\u987b\u5230\u6240\u5750\u73ed\u624d\u53d1\u7ed9\u5168\u85aa\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u53d1\u7ed9\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5168\u85aa\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u575a\u6301\u7ea0\u7ed3\u4e13\u804c\u3001\u517c\u804c\u7684\u754c\u9650\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u4e0e\u6559\u6388\u53ef\u4ee5\u517c\u8bfe\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc74\u5c0f\u65f6\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u5728\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u95e8\u901a\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002(38)\u800c\u71d5\u5927\u7ed9\u4e88\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u3001\u8427\u516c\u6743\u3001\u674e\u65b9\u6842\u3001\u5434\u5b93\u3001\u5f90\u4e2d\u8212\u7b49\u51e0\u4f4d\u7279\u7ea6\u6559\u6388\u662f\u6708\u85aa450\u5143\u7684\u5f85\u9047\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc7\u71d5\u5927\u672c\u6821\u6559\u6388\u6708\u85aa360\u5143\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002(39)\u71d5\u59271943\u5e74\u53d1\u7ed9\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u7684\u8058\u4e66\u8a00\u660e\u201c\u6708\u85aa\u56fd\u5e01360\u5143\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u5e95\u85aa\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u8fd8\u6709\u751f\u6d3b\u8f85\u52a9\u6d25\u8d34\u3001\u85aa\u8d44\u52a0\u6210\u3001\u7c73\u8d34\u7b49\uff0c\u7531\u54c8\u4f5b\u71d5\u4eac\u5b66\u793e\u652f\u4ed8\u3002\u4eca\u5b58\u4ece1943\u5e748\u6708\u8d77\u81f31944\u5e7412\u6708\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e94\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u85aa\u8d44\u5355\u56fe\u7247\uff0c(40)\u5176\u4e2d\u6708\u85aa360\u5143\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u8f85\u52a9\u6d25\u8d34380\u5143\uff0c\u85aa\u8d44\u52a0\u62102664\u5143\uff0c\u7c73\u8d34261\u5143\uff0c\u5408\u8ba13665\u5143\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u6bcf\u6708\u6240\u5f97\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6bd4\u8058\u4e66\u9ad8\u51fa\u8bb8\u591a\uff0c\u8fd8\u9ad8\u51fa\u6885\u8d3b\u5b9d\u8bf4\u7684450\u5143\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u3002\u53ef\u89c1\u6559\u4f1a\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u8d22\u529b\u8fdc\u80dc\u4e8e\u56fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4ee5\u201c\u517c\u8bfe\u56db\u5c0f\u65f6\u201d\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u4eab\u53d7\u71d5\u5927\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u85aa\u6d25\u5f85\u9047\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u6297\u6218\u65f6\u671f\u5404\u6821\u5728\u6267\u884c\u653f\u7b56\u65f6\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

1945\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4f5c\u300a\u76ee\u75be\u672a\u6108\u62df\u5148\u4e8b\u4f11\u517b\u518d\u6c42\u826f\u533b\u300b\u8bd7\uff0c\u4e2d\u6709\u201c\u65e5\u98df\u4e07\u94b1\u96be\u4e0b\u7bb8\uff0c\u6708\u652f\u53cc\u4ff8\u5c1a\u5fe7\u8d2b\u201d\u4e4b\u53e5\u3002\u5728\u71d5\u5927\u3001\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u8d44\u6599\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u628a\u201c\u53cc\u4ff8\u201d\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u90e8\u8058\u6559\u6388\u7684\u6b63\u85aa\u52a0\u7814\u7a76\u8d39\u4e24\u9879\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u53cc\u4ff8\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u652f\u9886\u4e24\u4e2a\u5355\u4f4d\u53d1\u7ed9\u7684\u85aa\u91d1\u30021945\u5e746\u67085\u65e5\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u81f4\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u51fd\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5bc5\u606a\u81ea\u4e09\u5341\u4e09\u5e74\u4e00\u6708\u8d77\u6240\u5f97\u672c\u6240\u4e4b\u5f85\u9047\u81ea\u7cfb\u6b63\u85aa\uff0c\u5728\u71d5\u5927\u53ea\u9886\u517c\u8bfe\u4e4b\u5f85\u9047\u201d\u3002(41)<\/p>\n

\u6297\u6218\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u516c\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u3001\u6559\u5e08\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u51c6\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u867d\u7136\u4eab\u53d7\u9ad8\u85aa\u5f85\u9047\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u6837\u56f0\u987f\u65e0\u5948\uff0c\u4ed6\u81f4\u8d2b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u91cd\u75c5\u30021944\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5de6\u773c\u53c8\u5931\u660e(\u53f3\u773c\u89c6\u7f51\u819c\u65e9\u57281937\u5e74\u8131\u843d)\u3002\u76ee\u76f2\u4f53\u5f31\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u96ea\u4e0a\u52a0\u971c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u56db\u5904\u5bfb\u6c42\u6551\u6d4e\u63f4\u52a9\u3002\u5728\u5199\u7ed9\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fde\u7bc7\u7d2f\u724d\u8c08\u94b1\u7c73\u836f\u8d39\u6551\u6d4e\u8865\u52a9\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4ece\u9648\u5bc5\u606a1945\u5e741\u670826\u65e5\u81f4\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u51fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7aa5\u77e5\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6551\u52a9\u8be6\u60c5\u3002(42)<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8270\u96be\u56f0\u82e6\u7684\u6297\u6218\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4ee5\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u6bc5\u529b\uff0c\u514b\u670d\u73cd\u8d35\u56fe\u4e66\u8d44\u6599\u4e22\u5931\u3001\u89c6\u529b\u8870\u9000\u7b49\u56f0\u96be\uff0c1941\u5e74\u521d\u5199\u6210\u4e24\u90e8\u4e0d\u673d\u7684\u4f20\u4e16\u4e4b\u4f5c\u2014\u2014\u300a\u968b\u5510\u5236\u5ea6\u6e0a\u6e90\u7565\u8bba\u7a3f\u300b\u3001\u300a\u5510\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u53f2\u8ff0\u8bba\u7a3f\u300b\uff0c\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u4e2d\u53e4\u53f2\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5d07\u9ad8\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fce\u6765\u4e86\u6210\u679c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u9ad8\u5cf0\u671f\u3002\u987e\u9889\u521a\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u9b4f\u664b\u5357\u5317\u671d\u53f2\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5148\u751f\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u4e3a\u6700\u5927\u2026\u2026\u968b\u5510\u4e94\u4ee3\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ea6\u4ee5\u5176\u8d21\u732e\u4e3a\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u4ed6\u64b0\u6709\u300a\u968b\u5510\u5236\u5ea6\u6e0a\u6e90\u7565\u8bba\u7a3f\u300b\u4e00\u518c\uff0c\u300a\u5510\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u53f2\u8ff0\u8bba\u7a3f\u300b\u4e00\u518c\u3002\u4e8c\u4e66\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5510\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u53ca\u5176\u6f14\u53d8\u5747\u6709\u72ec\u5230\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fd1\u5e74\u53f2\u5b66\u4e0a\u7684\u4e24\u672c\u5de8\u8457\u3002\u201d(43)<\/p>\n

\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u6297\u6218\u524d\u5728\u897f\u5317\u53f2\u5730\u4e4b\u5b66\u548c\u6297\u6218\u671f\u95f4\u5728\u4e2d\u53e4\u53f2\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ed6\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u58f0\u8a89\u30021944\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u7ee7\u88ab\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u8058\u4efb\u4e3a\u6c49\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u82f1\u56fd\u5b66\u672f\u9662\u4e09\u4f4d\u9662\u58eb\u9676\u80b2\u793c\u3001\u6c64\u56e0\u6bd4\u3001\u5e93\u514b\u8054\u540d\u63a8\u8350\uff0c\u5f53\u9009\u8be5\u9662\u901a\u8baf\u9662\u58eb\u3002\u9676\u80b2\u793c\u662f\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u5e0c\u814a\u6587\u94a6\u5b9a\u8bb2\u5ea7\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5e93\u514b\u662f\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u5e0c\u4f2f\u6765\u8bed\u94a6\u5b9a\u8bb2\u5ea7\u6559\u6388\u3002\u725b\u6d25\u3001\u5251\u6865\u7684\u4e24\u4f4d\u94a6\u5b9a\u6559\u6388\u52a0\u4e0a\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6c64\u56e0\u6bd4\u4e00\u8d77\u63a8\u8350\u4e00\u4f4d\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u786e\u5b9e\u975e\u540c\u4e00\u822c\u3002\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u56e0\u8be5\u9879\u8363\u8a89\u53c8\u63a5\u7740\u4e8e1947\u5e744\u6708\u5f53\u9009\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u4f1a\u4f1a\u5458\uff0c5\u6708\u5f53\u90091946\u5e74\u5ea6\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u4e9a\u6d32\u5b66\u4f1a\u8363\u8a89\u4f1a\u5458\u3002(44)<\/p>\n

\u6297\u6218\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u53c8\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u5956\u30021943\u5e74\uff0c\u5176\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\u300a\u5510\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u53f2\u8ff0\u8bba\u7a3f\u300b\u83b7\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c4a\u201c\u8457\u4f5c\u53d1\u660e\u3001\u7f8e\u672f\u4f5c\u54c1\u201d\u5956\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7c7b\u4e00\u7b49\u5956(\u5956\u91d115000\u5143)\u3002(45)<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u5934\u8854\u4e0e\u5b66\u672f\u6210\u679c\u540c\u6b65\u800c\u81f3\u30021940\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u7b2c\u4e00\u5c4a\u8bc4\u8bae\u4f1a\u7b2c\u4e94\u6b21\u4f1a\u8bae\u9009\u4e3e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c4a\u8bc4\u8bae\u5458\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u7ec433\u540d\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u4e2d\u4ee5\u6700\u9ad8\u7968\u657021\u7968\u521d\u9009\u5165\u56f4\uff0c\u51b3\u9009\u4ee522\u7968(\u4f4e\u4e8e\u80e1\u9002\u4e00\u7968)\u5f53\u9009\u3002(46)\u4eca\u5b58\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u5e2d\u6797\u68ee\u5177\u540d\u9881\u53d1\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c4a\u8bc4\u8bae\u5458\u8058\u4e66\u56fe\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n

1943\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u64a4\u9000\u5230\u6606\u660e\u7684\u56fd\u7acb\u5317\u5e73\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u53f2\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u8058\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e3a\u901a\u4fe1\u7814\u7a76\u5458\uff0c\u4eca\u5b58\u8058\u4e66\u56fe\u7247\u30021943\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u8058\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e3a\u7b2c\u56db\u5c4a\u201c\u53f2\u5730\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u201d\u59d4\u5458\u3002(47)<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5728\u516b\u5e74\u6297\u6218\u4e2d\u8270\u82e6\u5353\u7edd\uff0c\u6210\u5c31\u5353\u8d8a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee5\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u7684\u540d\u4e49\u4e0e\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u5f20\u653f\u70fa\u3001\u6881\u601d\u6c38\u8363\u83b7\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u9881\u53d1\u7684\u201c\u6297\u6218\u80dc\u5229\u52cb\u7ae0\u201d\u3002(48)<\/p>\n

1946\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u8fd8\u90fd\u5357\u4eac\uff0c\u758f\u6563\u5230\u56db\u5ddd\u3001\u4e91\u5357\u3001\u8d35\u5dde\u7b49\u7701\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u5148\u540e\u8fc1\u56de\u539f\u6765\u7684\u6821\u5740\u3002\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e8e\u4e0a\u5e749\u6708\u8d74\u82f1\u4f26\u6cbb\u7597\u773c\u75be\uff0c\u5982\u624b\u672f\u6548\u679c\u597d\u5219\u7559\u5728\u725b\u6d25\u4efb\u6559\u3002\u7ec8\u56e0\u624b\u672f\u4e0d\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u53cc\u76ee\u5931\u660e\u5df2\u6210\u5b9a\u5c40\uff0c\u53ea\u5f97\u4e8e\u5e74\u5e95\u8f9e\u53bb\u725b\u6d25\u8058\u7ea6\uff0c1946\u5e745\u6708\u5e95\u56de\u56fd\uff0c\u5728\u5357\u4eac\u4f4f\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u3002\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u8fd8\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u5c06\u8981\u56de\u56fd\u65f6\uff0c\u53f2\u8bed\u6240\u3001\u6e05\u534e\u3001\u71d5\u5927\u90fd\u60f3\u7559\u4f4f\u4ed6\u3002\u6700\u540e\u6e05\u534e\u80dc\u51fa\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u6700\u7ec8\u51b3\u5b9a\u56de\u6e05\u534e\u3002\u8fd9\u6216\u8bb8\u4e0e\u6885\u8d3b\u7426\u6821\u957f6\u6708\u5230\u5357\u4eac\u4e24\u6b21\u62dc\u8bbf\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u6709\u5173\u3002(49)<\/p>\n

1947\u5e747\u670824\u65e5\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u5b66\u672f\u5ba1\u8bae\u4f1a\u53ec\u5f00\u7b2c\u4e09\u5c4a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5e38\u52a1\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u51b3\u8bae\u7b2c\u4e00\u6279\u90e8\u8058\u6559\u6388\u4e94\u5e74\u4efb\u671f\u5df2\u5230\u671f\uff0c\u4e00\u5f8b\u7eed\u8058\u4e94\u5e74\u3002(50)<\/p>\n

1948\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u521a\u521a\u4e0a\u4efb\u7684\u5cad\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u957f\u9648\u5e8f\u7ecf\u5317\u4e0a\uff0c(51)\u5230\u5357\u5f00\u3001\u5317\u5927\u3001\u6e05\u534e\u3001\u71d5\u5927\u6e38\u8bf4\u52a8\u5458\u8457\u540d\u6559\u6388\u5230\u5cad\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u4efb\u6559\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e30\u539a\u62a5\u916c\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u6218\u4e8b\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u4e1c\u5317\u3001\u534e\u5317\u3001\u4e2d\u539f\u3001\u534e\u4e1c\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u5904\u4e8e\u534e\u5357\u7684\u5e7f\u5dde\u76f8\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b89\u5b9a\uff0c\u5bf9\u6025\u4e8e\u8eb2\u907f\u6218\u4e71\u7684\u6559\u6388\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

1948\u5e7412\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u5e73\u6d25\u6218\u5f79\u6253\u54cd\u3002\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u4e0e\u6731\u5bb6\u9a85\u7d27\u9523\u5bc6\u9f13\u5b9e\u65bd\u201c\u62a2\u6551\u5317\u5e73\u5b66\u4eba\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\uff0c\u5b89\u6392\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e0e\u80e1\u9002\u3001\u6885\u8d3b\u7426\u7b4925\u4eba\u4e58\u5750\u4e24\u67b6\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u4e8e12\u670815\u65e5\u98de\u79bb\u5317\u5e73\uff0c\u5f53\u665a\u5230\u8fbe\u5357\u4eac\u3002\u5085\u3001\u6731\u7b49\u4eba\u4eb2\u5230\u673a\u573a\u8fce\u63a5\u3002\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e00\u5bb6\u5f53\u665a\u5728\u5357\u4eac\u4f4f\u4e0b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\u665a\u4e0a\u4e58\u4eac\u6caa\u591c\u8f66\u8d74\u4e0a\u6d77\u300216\u65e5\uff0c\u56fd\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u4efb\u547d\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u4e3a\u53f0\u6e7e\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u957f\uff0c\u5085\u65af\u5e74\u5f53\u5929\u5373\u81f4\u51fd\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u603b\u529e\u4e8b\u5904\uff1a\u201c\u62df\u6062\u590d\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u541b\u4e13\u4efb\u85aa\u4ff8\uff0c\u5e0c\u8f6c\u5448\u9662\u957f\u603b\u5e72\u4e8b\u6838\u51c6\u3002\u201d(52)\u800c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77\u505c\u7559\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u51b3\u5b9a\u5357\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e8e1949\u5e741\u670819\u65e5\u62b5\u8fbe\u5e7f\u5dde\uff0c\u53d7\u8058\u4e8e\u5cad\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6297\u6218\u80dc\u5229\u540e\u7684\u4e09\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5b66\u672f\u5730\u4f4d\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u5347\u30021947\u5e74\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u7b79\u5907\u9662\u58eb\u8bc4\u9009\uff0c\u4ed6\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e86\u4e24\u90e8\u968b\u5510\u53f2\u4e13\u8457\u548c1943\u5e74\u524d\u53d1\u8868\u768429\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u897f\u5317\u53f2\u5730\u4e4b\u5b66\u548c\u4e2d\u53e4\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u63a8\u8350\u4eba\u80e1\u9002\u5bf9\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u6700\u521d\u7684\u8bc4\u8bed\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u5929\u624d\u6700\u9ad8\uff0c\u529f\u529b\u4ea6\u6700\u52e4\u8c28\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u80fd\u7528\u4eba\u4eba\u4e60\u77e5\u4e4b\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u524d\u4eba\u672a\u66fe\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u516d\u671d\u968b\u5510\u53f2\u6700\u7cbe\u3002\u201d(53)\u6b21\u5e743\u6708\u4e0b\u65ec\uff0c\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u5728\u5357\u4eac\u53ec\u5f00\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c4a\u8bc4\u8bae\u4f1a\u7b2c\u4e94\u6b21\u5e74\u4f1a\uff0c\u9009\u4e3e\u9996\u5c4a\u9662\u58eb81\u540d\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5f53\u9009\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u9648\u6f14\u606a\u4e0e\u592b\u4eba\u5510\u7b7c<\/p>\n

1948\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u5317\u5e73\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u5728\u5317\u5e73\u53ec\u5f00\u5b66\u672f\u4f1a\u8bae\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5927\u4f1a\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u9996\u5c4a\u4f1a\u545890\u540d(\u201c\u4f1a\u5458\u201d\u5373\u201c\u9662\u58eb\u201d\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u79f0\u8c13)\uff0c(54)\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5165\u9009\u3002\u201c\u9662\u58eb\u201d\u4e0e\u201c\u4f1a\u5458\u201d\u5747\u4e3a\u7ec8\u8eab\u540d\u8a89\u3002\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u96c6\u82f1\u56fd\u5b66\u672f\u9662\u901a\u8baf\u9662\u58eb\u3001\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u3001\u5317\u5e73\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u4f1a\u5458\u4e8e\u4e00\u8eab\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u5730\u4f4d\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u9876\u70b9\uff0c\u8d70\u5728\u5b66\u4eba\u961f\u4f0d\u7684\u524d\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e8e1949\u5e741\u670819\u65e5\u6308\u5bb6\u62b5\u8fbe\u5e7f\u5dde\u540e\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\u300a\u5cad\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u62a5\u300b\u767b\u8f7d\u4e86\u4ed6\u5e94\u8058\u5230\u6821\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u548c\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u9648\u6559\u6388\u4e3a\u540d\u8bd7\u4eba\u9648\u6563\u539f\u5148\u751f\u4e4b\u54f2\u55e3\uff0c\u66fe\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u67cf\u6797\u5404\u5927\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u7cbe\u901a\u5341\u4f59\u56fd\u6587\u5b57\uff0c\u897f\u6d0b\u6c49\u5b66\u5bb6\u4f2f\u5e0c\u548c\u7b49\u66fe\u4ece\u9648\u5148\u751f\u5b66\u4e2d\u56fd\u53f2\uff0c\u58ee\u5e74\u5373\u4eab\u76db\u540d\u3002\u6c11\u5341\u4e94\u5e74\uff0c\u4e0e\u6881\u542f\u8d85\u3001\u738b\u56fd\u7ef4\u3001\u8d75\u5143\u4efb\u540c\u4efb\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u56fd\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u6559\u6388(\u672c\u6821\u738b\u529b\u9662\u957f\u4ea6\u51fa\u5176\u95e8\u4e0b)\uff0c\u8fc4\u4eca\u5171\u4efb\u6e05\u534e\u6559\u6388\u5eff\u4f59\u5e74\u30021942\u5e74\u7531\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u8058\u4e3a\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u6b64\u4e3a\u6211\u56fd\u7f55\u6709\u4e4b\u8363\u8a89\uff0c\u7ec8\u4ee5\u5065\u5eb7\u5173\u7cfb\u5f52\u56fd\u3002\u9648\u5148\u751f\u4ee5\u53f2\u5b66\u9a70\u540d\u6d77\u5185\u5916\uff0c\u5c24\u7cbe\u901a\u968b\u5510\u53f2\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u4ee5\u5bb6\u5b66\u6e0a\u6e90\uff0c\u53c8\u7cbe\u4e8e\u5510\u8bd7\u3002\u4e14\u4ee5\u7cbe\u901a\u68b5\u6587\u4e4b\u6545\uff0c\u53c8\u5e38\u8bb2\u6388\u4f5b\u5178\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6587\u5b66\u3002\u5176\u535a\u5b66\u4e3a\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u6240\u516c\u8ba4\u3002\u53bb\u5e74\u56fd\u7acb\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u9009\u4e3e\uff0c\u9648\u5148\u751f\u8363\u81ba\u9662\u58eb\u3002(55)<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4efd\u7b80\u4ecb\u9664\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u8058\u4efb\u6559\u6388\u3001\u4e2d\u7814\u9662\u9662\u58eb\u4e24\u9879\u8363\u8a89\u5916\uff0c\u4ecd\u4fdd\u7559\u4e861925\u5e74\u6e05\u534e\u56fd\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u90a3\u4efd\u7b80\u4ecb\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff0c\u653e\u6d0b\u7559\u5b66\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u7ecf\u5386\u548c\u638c\u63e1\u591a\u79cd\u57df\u5916\u8bed\u8a00\u6587\u5b57\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u7684\u5f97\u5206\u5f3a\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n

1951\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e3a\u5cad\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u6587\u7cfb\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u653f\u6cbb\u7cfb\u5408\u8058\u6559\u6388\u3002\u4ed6\u652f\u4e24\u4efd\u85aa\u91d1\uff0c\u6b63\u85aa\u4e3a\u5de5\u85aa\u5206\u65701000\u5206\uff0c\u6298\u5408\u4eba\u6c11\u5e01\u65e7\u5e0127\u4e07\u5143\u6216\u65b0\u5e01270\u5143\uff0c\u6bd4\u6821\u957f\u9648\u5e8f\u7ecf\u5de5\u85aa\u8fd8\u9ad8\uff0c\u6bd4\u5f88\u591a\u6559\u6388\u9ad8\u51fa\u4e8c\u4e09\u500d\u3002\u6821\u65b9\u8fd8\u6bcf\u6708\u56fa\u5b9a\u8865\u52a9\u4ed6100\u5143\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u9886\u4e86\u4e24\u5e74\u591a\u3002\u5cad\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u4e13\u4e1a\u4e00\u5411\u5f88\u5f31\uff0c\u9009\u4fee\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u6240\u5f00\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5b66\u751f\u5f88\u5c11\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b66\u671f\u751a\u81f3\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b66\u751f\u542c\u8bfe\uff0c\u88ab\u620f\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6700\u9ad8\u4ef7\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u201d\u3002(56)<\/p>\n

1952\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u5cad\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u5728\u9662\u7cfb\u8c03\u6574\u4e2d\u4e0e\u4e2d\u5c71\u5927\u5b66\u5408\u5e76\uff0c\u4e2d\u5927\u8fc1\u5165\u5cad\u5927\u6821\u56ed\uff0c\u9648\u6539\u4efb\u4e2d\u5927\u5386\u53f2\u7cfb\u6559\u6388\u30021954\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u5927\u5b9a\u671f\u8865\u8d34\u4ed6\u533b\u836f\u8d3960\u5143\uff0c\u52301956\u5e74\u4ed6\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u7ea7\u6559\u6388\u6b62\u3002(57)<\/p>\n

1954\u5e74\u590f\u79cb\u4e4b\u9645\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u79d1\u9662\u7b79\u5907\u6210\u7acb\u201c\u5b66\u90e8\u201d\uff0c(58)1955\u5e746\u67083\u65e5\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u516c\u5e03\u5b66\u90e8\u59d4\u5458233\u4eba\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u90e861\u4eba\u3002\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5f53\u9009\uff0c\u6bcf\u6708\u9886\u53d6100\u5143\u6d25\u8d34\u3002\u540c\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u8fd8\u5f53\u9009\u4e2d\u56fd\u53f2\u5b66\u4f1a\u7406\u4e8b\u3002(59)<\/p>\n

1956\u5e747\u6708\uff0c\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u5148\u540e\u4e0b\u8fbe\u300a\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u5173\u4e8e\u5de5\u8d44\u6539\u9769\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u300b\u3001\u300a\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u5173\u4e8e\u5de5\u8d44\u6539\u9769\u4e2d\u82e5\u5e72\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u5de5\u8d44\u6539\u9769\u65b9\u6848\u5b9e\u65bd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u300b\u7b49\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u9ad8\u6559\u90e8\u6839\u636e\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u6587\u4ef6\u7cbe\u795e\u5236\u5b9a\u51fa\u9ad8\u7b49\u9662\u6821\u5de5\u8d44\u6539\u9769\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u53d1\u51fa\u300a\u5173\u4e8e1956\u5e74\u5168\u56fd\u9ad8\u7b49\u5b66\u6821\u6559\u5458\u5de5\u5de5\u8d44\u8bc4\u5b9a\u548c\u8c03\u6574\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u300b\uff0c\u5c06\u6559\u6388\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u7ea7\uff0c\u5de5\u8d44\u5206\u522b\u4e3a345\u3001287\u3001241.5\u3001207\u5143\u3002\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u8bc4\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ea7\u6559\u6388(\u4e2d\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u5c0f\u7ec4\u521d\u8bc4\u610f\u89c1\u4e3a\u201c\u7279\u7ea7\u201d)\uff0c\u6309\u5730\u533a\u5dee\uff0c\u6708\u85aa381(\u4e00\u8bf4385)\u5143\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5b66\u90e8\u59d4\u5458\u6bcf\u6708\u6d25\u8d34100\u5143\uff0c\u6708\u85aa\u8fbe481\u5143\u3002(60)\u8fd9\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u6559\u6388\u4e2d\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u9ad8\u85aa\u4e2d\u7684\u9ad8\u85aa\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

1956\u5e74\u7684\u6559\u6388\u5206\u7ea7\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4e3b\u8981\u4f53\u73b0\u5728\u5de5\u8d44\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5b66\u672f\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u5206\u7ea7\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e7f\u5927\u6559\u6388\u7fa4\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u4e8b\u5173\u5176\u201c\u540d\u5206\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5730\u4f4d\u201d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8ba4\u5b9a\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e00\u7ea7\u6559\u6388\u7684\u8bc4\u5b9a\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e2a\u4e2a\u90fd\u662f\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u5927\u5e08\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u4ece\u5b66\u672f\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u5236\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bf9\u540e\u4e16\u5747\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u80fd\u591f\u8dfb\u8eab\u201c\u4e00\u7ea7\u6559\u6388\u201d\u4e4b\u5217\uff0c\u79bb\u4e0d\u5f00\u5176\u6df1\u539a\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u9020\u8be3\u3001\u4eba\u683c\u9b45\u529b\u3002\u6b63\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ea7\u6559\u6388\u4e0e\u5b66\u672f\u6210\u5c31\u6709\u7740\u5929\u7136\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u628a\u5b83\u5f62\u8c61\u5730\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u5b66\u672f\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6807\u5c3a\u201d\u3002(61)\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u7ea7\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u67d0\u7701\u67d0\u6821\u5b66\u672f\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u3002\u6709\u7684\u7701\u6216\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u3002(62)<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u5de5\u8d44\u8bc4\u5b9a\u6807\u51c6\u4e5f\u6709\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u5982\u6807\u51c6\u4e2d\u53cd\u590d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u201c\u7279\u7ea7\u6559\u6388\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7531\u4e8e\u4e0d\u597d\u638c\u63e1\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u65e0\u4eba\u4eab\u53d7\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f85\u9047\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u516c\u8ba4\u7684\u53f2\u5b66\u6743\u5a01\u548c\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u8d1f\u6709\u6781\u9ad8\u5a01\u671b\u7684\u8001\u6559\u5e08\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u5b8c\u5168\u7b26\u5408\u201c\u7279\u7ea7\u6559\u6388\u201d\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u4e2d\u5927\u521d\u8bc4\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e3a\u201c\u7279\u7ea7\u201d\uff0c\u540e\u6539\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ea7\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u53d7\u5168\u56fd\u9ad8\u6821\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea7\u751f\u201c\u7279\u7ea7\u6559\u6388\u201d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f4f\u623f\u4e0a\uff0c\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u4e2d\u5927\u7684\u793c\u9047\u3002\u5176\u4f4f\u5b85\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5927\u6821\u56ed\u4e1c\u5357\u533a1\u53f7\uff0c\u8be5\u697c\u4e24\u5c42\uff0c\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ebb\u91d1\u58a8\u592b\u4eba\u4e3a\u7eaa\u5ff5\u5176\u4e08\u592b\u4e8e1911\u5e74\u6240\u6350\u5efa\uff0c\u6545\u540d\u201c\u9ebb\u91d1\u58a8\u5c4b\u201d\uff0c\u539f\u662f\u5cad\u5357\u5927\u5b66\u9644\u5c5e\u4e2d\u5b66\u6821\u957f\u845b\u4f69\u4e4b\u4f4f\u5b85\u3002\u9648\u5bc5\u606a\u4e00\u5bb6\u5c45\u4e8e\u8be5\u697c\u7684\u4e8c\u697c\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6bd4\u4e0d\u4e0a\u4ee5\u524d\u5728\u6e05\u534e\u4e00\u5bb6\u72ec\u7528\u4e00\u680b\u7684\u4f4f\u5b85\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u5df2\u662f\u4e2d\u5927\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u4f4f\u623f\u5f85\u9047\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u9648\u6f14\u606a\u4e0e\u592b\u4eba\u5510\u7b7c<\/p>\n

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