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\u9047\u523a\u8eab\u4ea1\u7684\u5b8b\u6559\u4ec1<\/p>\n

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\u4e8c\u3001\u4e1c\u4eac\u7ec4\u515a\uff0c\u820d\u6c11\u4e3b\u5411\u5f80\u96c6\u6743<\/strong><\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

1914\u5e747\u67088\u65e5\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5728\u4e1c\u4eac\u6210\u7acb\u4e2d\u534e\u9769\u547d\u515a\u65f6\u4e0e\u540c\u5fd7\u7684\u5408\u5f71<\/p>\n

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\u201c\u7acb\u8a93\u4eba\uff1a\u67d0\u67d0\u67d0\u4e3a\u6551\u4e2d\u56fd\u5371\u4ea1\uff0c\u613f\u727a\u7272\u4e00\u5df1\u4e4b\u8eab [\u751f] \u547d\u81ea\u7531\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u9644\u4ece\u5b59\u5148\u751f\u3002\u518d\u4e3e\u9769\u547d\u65d7\u2026\u2026\u63ac\u8bda\u8c28\u8a93\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u4e00\u3001\u5b9e\u884c\u5b97\u65e8\uff1b\u4e8c\u3001\u670d\u4ece\u547d\u4ee4\uff1b\u4e09\u3001\u5c3d\u5fe0\u804c\u5b88\uff1b\u56db\u3001\u4e25\u5b88\u79d8\u5bc6\uff1b\u4e94\u3001\u8a93\u5171\u751f\u6b7b\u3002\u4ece\u5179\u6c38\u5b88\u6b64\u7ea6\uff0c\u81f3\u6b7b\u4e0d\u6e1d\u3002\u5982\u6709\u4e8c\u5fc3\uff0c\u7518\u53d7\u6781\u5211\u3002\u201d [8]<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u52a0\u5165\u4e2d\u534e\u9769\u547d\u515a\u7684\u201c\u8a93\u7ea6\u201d<\/p>\n

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\u5728\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e2d\u534e\u9769\u547d\u515a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u4e2d\u534e\u9769\u547d\u515a\u5185\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u7531\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u72ec\u63fd\u4e7e\u7eb2\u7684\u515a\u9b41\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u653f\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\u4f5c\u51fa\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u4e2d\uff0c\u66f4\u9010\u6b65\u840c\u751f\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u4e00\u515a\u201d\u72ec\u5360\u653f\u6743\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5728\u8f9b\u4ea5\u5357\u4eac\u4e34\u65f6\u653f\u5e9c\u6210\u7acb\u65f6\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e00\u5ea6\u5bf9\u201c\u591a\u515a\u653f\u6cbb\u201d\u5341\u5206\u8d5e\u8d4f\u7684\uff0c\u5c24\u63a8\u201c\u4e24\u515a\u5236\u201d\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u653f\u515a\u4e4b\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5728\u63d0\u643a\u56fd\u6c11\u4ee5\u6c42\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e5f\uff0c\u7532\u515a\u6267\u653f\uff0c\u5219\u7532\u515a\u6240\u62b1\u4e4b\u653f\u7b56\u5c3d\u529b\u65bd\u884c\u4e4b\uff0c\u800c\u4e59\u515a\u5728\u91ce\u3002\u5219\u7acb\u4e8e\u76d1\u7763\u4e4b\u5730\u4f4d\u7109\u3002\u6709\u4e0d\u5584\u8005\uff0c\u5219\u7ea0\u6b63\u4e4b\uff0c\u5176\u5584\u8005\u5219\u66f4\u7814\u7a76\u81f3\u5584\u4e4b\u7b56\uff0c\u4ee5\u56fe\u8fdb\u6b65\u7109\u3002\u201d [10] 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[11] \u4e3a\u4f7f\u8fd9\u201c\u4e00\u515a\u5236\u201d\u6784\u60f3\u66f4\u5177\u5408\u7406\u6027\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5728\u4e3a\u4e2d\u534e\u9769\u547d\u515a\u5236\u5b9a\u7ae0\u7a0b\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u53d1\u5c55\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u9769\u547d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u601d\u60f3\uff0c[12] \u5c06\u540c\u76df\u4f1a\u201c\u9769\u547d\u65b9\u7565\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u519b\u6cd5\u4e4b\u6cbb\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7ea6\u6cd5\u4e4b\u6cbb\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5baa\u6cd5\u4e4b\u6cbb\u201d\u6539\u4e3a\u201c\u519b\u653f\u201d\u3001\u201c\u8bad\u653f\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5baa\u653f\u201d\u4e09\u4e2a\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u8bad\u653f\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u201c\u8bad\u653f\u201d\u5b9e\u65bd\u4f5c\u51fa\u4e86\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5982\u201c\u4e94\u6743\u5206\u7acb\u201d\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u63d0\u51fa\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u4f53\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u63a2\u7d22\u5728\u5176\u7ed9\u53cb\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\u6709\u7740\u660e\u767d\u8868\u8ff0\uff1a\u201c\u543e\u4eba\u7acb\u515a\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e4b\u96cf\u5f62\u3002\u201d [13] \u4ece\u63a8\u5d07\u201c\u4e24\u515a\u5236\u201d\uff0c\u5230\u8ffd\u6c42\u201c\u4e00\u515a\u72ec\u5927\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u601d\u60f3\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u55e3\u540e\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u63a5\u53d7\u82cf\u4fc4\u201c\u515a\u6cbb\u201d\u56fd\u5bb6\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5f97\u89c1\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8d77\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u653e\u5f03\u201c\u62a4\u6cd5\u201d\uff0c\u8d70\u4e0a\u201c\u5e08\u4fc4\u201d\u9053\u8def<\/strong><\/p>\n

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[14] 1916\u5e74\u8881\u4e16\u51ef\u5e1d\u5236\u81ea\u4e3a\u906d\u5230\u5168\u56fd\u58f0\u8ba8\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u4e5f\u7acb\u5373\u4ee5\u201c\u62a4\u6cd5\u201d\u63ed\u6a65\u53c2\u4e0e\u8ba8\u8881\u3002\u5728\u6240\u53d1\u300a\u8ba8\u8881\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5ba3\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u51e1\u767e\u53ef\u672c\u4e4b\u7ea6\u6cd5\u4ee5\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u201d\u3002[15] \u4e3a\u663e\u793a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u201c\u62a4\u6cd5\u201d\u51b3\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3a\u7ed3\u5408\u5404\u65b9\u52bf\u529b\u5171\u540c\u5bf9\u654c\uff0c\u8ba8\u8881\u519b\u4e8b\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u5b59\u4e2d\u5c71\u5e76\u66fe\u4e00\u5ea6\u505c\u6b62\u4e86\u4e2d\u534e\u9769\u547d\u515a\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u56fd\u6c11\u515a\u7684\u540d\u4e49 [16] 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<\/p>\n

\u5e7f\u5dde\u519b\u653f\u5e9c\u5927\u95e8<\/p>\n

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\u56db\u3001\u8054\u4fc4\u5bb9\u5171\uff0c\u8df5\u884c\u201c\u4ee5\u515a\u9020\u56fd\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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