![](\"https:\/\/lizhicdn.search.qq.com\/cdn\/ybimages\/9002\/9002_dee956454f4a63d04dc69a87ed942816_4\/3722cef1e95efac54892f1fbcf878abd.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u4f5c\u8005: \u9f99\u6c9b\uff08Peter Lorge\uff0c\u8303\u5fb7\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u5386\u53f2\u7cfb\uff09<\/p>\n
\u8bd1\u8005: \u9648\u8363\u94a2<\/p>\n
\u6765\u6e90\uff1aLorge, P (2005). War, Politics and Society in Early Modern China: 900-1795. New York: Routledge. \u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u5efa\u56fd\u53f7\u66f0\u5927\u5143\uff0c\u76d6\u53d6\u300a\u6613\u7ecf\u300b\u201c\u4e7e\u5143\u201d\u4e4b\u4e49\u3002\u5179\u5927\u51b6\u6d41\u5f62\u4e8e\u5eb6\u54c1\uff0c\u5b70\u540d\u8d44\u59cb\u4e4b\u529f\uff1b\u4e88\u4e00\u4eba\u5e95\u5b81\u4e8e\u4e07\u90a6\uff0c\u5c24\u5207\u4f53\u4ec1\u4e4b\u8981\u3002\u4e8b\u4ece\u56e0\u9769\uff0c\u9053\u534f\u5929\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n
\u2014\u20141271\u5e74\u5ffd\u5fc5\u70c8\u6c57\uff081215-1294\uff09\u300a\u5efa\u56fd\u53f7\u8bcf\u300b<\/p>\n
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<\/p>\n
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3\u670812\u65e5\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b8b\u519b\u8230\u8239\u53db\u9003\u3002\u6b21\u65e5\u665a\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u652f\u5b8b\u519b\u5c0f\u5206\u961f\u88ad\u51fb\u4e86\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u7684\u5317\u65b9\u5de1\u903b\u8239\uff08\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7a81\u56f4\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u8499\u53e4\u6d77\u519b\u8fc5\u901f\u4f5c\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4ee5\u91cd\u5927\u7684\u751f\u547d\u635f\u5931\u51fb\u8d25\u4e86\u5b8b\u519b\u5c0f\u5206\u961f\u3002<\/p>\n 3\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u674e\u6052\u548c\u5f20\u5f18\u8303\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u65f6\u5019\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u573a\u7ec8\u6781\u4e4b\u6218\u4e86\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\u665a\u4e0a\u53ec\u96c6\u4e86\u8230\u8239\u7684\u6307\u6325\u5b98\uff0c\u5e76\u547d\u4ee4\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5929\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u505a\u597d\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u8499\u53e4\u6d77\u519b\u88ab\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u652f\u8230\u961f\u3002\u674e\u6052\u5c06\u4ece\u5317\u90e8\u548c\u897f\u5317\u90e8\u8fdb\u653b\uff0c\u5f20\u5f18\u8303\u5c06\u4ece\u897f\u5357\u90e8\u8fdb\u653b\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u4e24\u652f\u8230\u961f\u5c06\u4ece\u897f\u90e8\u548c\u5357\u90e8\u8fdb\u653b\u3002<\/p>\n 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