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2015\u5e74\u4e3a\u4e86\u7f13\u89e3\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u5371\u673a\u5bf9\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5236\u88c1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u666e\u4eac\u5df2\u6279\u51c6\u5f00\u653e\u6d77\u53c2\u8473\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u6e2f\u3002\u8be5\u6e2f\u5c06\u8d77\u5230\u4e1c\u5317\u4e9a\u4e09\u56fd\u7269\u6d41\u67a2\u7ebd\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5bf9\u6b63\u5728\u7533\u62a5\u81ea\u8d38\u533a\u7684\u5409\u6797\u73f2\u6625\u7b49\u5730\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6709\u8f90\u5c04\u5e26\u52a8\u3002\u6d77\u53c2\u8473\u81ea\u7531\u6e2f\u7684\u8bbe\u7acb\u5c06\u63d0\u5347\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u548c\u4e9a\u6d32\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d28\u68c0\u7684\u7269\u6d41\u548c\u4ea4\u901a\u4e92\u8054\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u65e5\u4fc4\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e1c\u5317\u7684\u4e89\u593a<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n

\u6c99\u4fc4\u5e1d\u56fd\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6218\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u4e00\u7247\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u5217\u5f3a\u5728\u6218\u540e\u4f01\u56fe\u5e72\u6d89\u548c\u74e6\u89e3\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6536\u590d\u5931\u5730\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6b64\u65f6\u5728\u8fdc\u4e1c\u5e72\u6d89\u7684\u4e3b\u529b\u4e43\u662f\u65e5\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

1919\u5e7411\u670824\u65e5\u5317\u6d0b\u653f\u5e9c\u572824\u65e5\u53d1\u8868\u51fa\u5175\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u5ba3\u8a00\u3002\u81f310\u670826\u65e5\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u5171\u67096\u62792000\u591a\u540d\u5b98\u5175\uff0c\u4e58\u706b\u8f66\u7ecf\u54c8\u5c14\u6ee8\u8d74\u6d77\u53c2\u5d34\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u5bf9\u82cf\u4fc4\u5e72\u6d89\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5f53\u65f6\u4e2d\u56fd\u519b\u961f\u5728\u897f\u4f2f\u5229\u4e9a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7ef4\u6301\u548c\u5e73\u90e8\u961f\u3002\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u653f\u6743\u6210\u7acb\u4e4b\u65f6\uff0c\u82cf\u4fc4\u5728\u8fdc\u4e1c\u7684\u52bf\u529b\u6536\u7f29\uff0c1920\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u8fdc\u4e1c\u5171\u548c\u56fd\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5728\u82cf\u4fc4\u548c\u88ab\u65e5\u672c\u5360\u9886\u7b26\u62c9\u8fea\u6c83\u65af\u6258\u514b\uff08\u6d77\u53c2\u5d34\uff09\u7b49\u5730\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f13\u51b2\u5730\u5e26\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u4e2d\u534e\u6c11\u56fd\u4e5f\u66fe\u6536\u590d\u5916\u8499\u53e4\u51fa\u5175\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af<\/span><\/div>\n
\u8fdc\u4e1c\u5171\u548c\u56fd\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u77ed\u671f\u653e\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n

\u65e5\u672c\u53c2\u4e0e\u5883\u5916\u8054\u519b\u5e76\u652f\u6301\u767d\u519b\u5bf9\u82cf\u4fc4\u7684\u6b66\u88c5\u5e72\u6d89\uff0c\u5360\u9886\u4e86\u82cf\u4fc4\u8fdc\u4e1c\u5730\u533a\u5927\u7247\u9886\u571f(\u65e5\u672c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u62a4\u4fa8\u6c11\u4e3a\u540d\u4e8e1918\u5e744\u67085\u65e5\u51fa\u5175\u5360\u9886\u6d77\u53c2\u8473)\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u88ab\u7ea2\u519b\u9a71\u9010\u51fa\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n

1921\u5e74\u548c1924\u5e74\uff0c\u5510\u52aa\u4e4c\u6881\u6d77\u548c\u5916\u8499\u53e4\u8131\u79bb\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u9010\u6e10\u5b9e\u9645\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u30021922\u5e7411\u67085\u65e5\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u4ece\u6d77\u53c2\u5d34\u64a4\u9000\u540e\uff0c\u8fdc\u4e1c\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u5408\u5e76\u5230\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8054\u90a6\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u3002<\/p>\n

1922\u00a0\u5e7410\u00a0\u6708\uff0c\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u653f\u6743\u5728\u6d77\u53c2\u5d34\u63a7\u5236\u4f4f\u5c40\u9762\u540e\uff0c\u82cf\u4fc4\u5f53\u5c40\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u805a\u5c45\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4e00\u6b21\u6b21\u8fdb\u884c\u641c\u67e5\u3002\u4ece1930\u00a0\u5e74\u4ee3\u8d77\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u201c\u6ee1\u6d32\u56fd\u201d\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u6d77\u53c2\u5d34\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u88ab\u82cf\u8054\u63a7\u5236\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u4e25\u5bc6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u65e5\u672c\u5916\u76f8\u677e\u5188\u6d0b\u53f3\u7b7e\u7f72\u300a\u82cf\u65e5\u4e2d\u7acb\u6761\u7ea6\u300b<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n

1937\u00a0\u5e74\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u5927\u6e05\u6d17\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u6ce2\u53ca\u3002\u6d77\u53c2\u5d34\u5730\u65b9\u5f53\u5c40\u4ee5\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4e3a\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5f53\u95f4\u8c0d\u5e76\u6f5c\u4f0f\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u7f6a\u540d\u4e3a\u7531\uff0c\u5bf9\u6d77\u53c2\u5d34\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u9a71\u9010\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u52301938\u00a0\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c10\u4e07\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u4ece\u6d77\u53c2\u5d34\u8fc1\u5f99\u3002\u800c\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdc\u4e1c30\u591a\u4e07\u4eba\u5c31\u4ece\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6d88\u5931\u4e86\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u5728\u54c8\u8428\u514b\u80fd\u9047\u89c1\u5927\u91cf\u5f53\u5e74\u4ece\u8fdc\u4e1c\u5730\u533a\u88ab\u8feb\u8fc1\u79fb\u7684\u671d\u9c9c\u65cf\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u653f\u7b56\u771f\u7684\u53ef\u6015<\/span><\/div>\n
\n

\u5c60\u534e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7aa5\u89c1<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
\n
1937\u5e74\u65f6\u4efb\u82cf\u8054\u5185\u52a1\u4eba\u6c11\u59d4\u5458\u90e8\u6ee8\u6d77\u8fb9\u7586\u5c40\u5c40\u957f\u7684\u5b63\u660e\u7279\u66fc\uff08\u041c.\u0414\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043c\u0430\u043d\uff09\u548c\u65f6\u4efb\u82cf\u8054\u5185\u52a1\u4eba\u6c11\u59d4\u5458\u90e8\u6ee8\u6d77\u8fb9\u7586\u5c40\u4e09\u5904\uff08\u4ea6\u79f0\u4e2d\u56fd\u5904\uff09\u5904\u957f\u7684\u8fb9\u9632\u519b\u4e0a\u5c09\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u5229\u970d\u5fb7\u6cfd\u8036\u592b\u65af\u57fa\uff08\u0418\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0444\u041b\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439\uff09\uff0c\u4e24\u4eba\u9886\u5bfc\u4e86\u90a3\u5e74\u79cb\u5929\u6ee8\u6d77\u8fb9\u7586\u533a\u9547\u538b\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u4e2d\u56fd\u884c\u52a8\u201d\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
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\u57281937\u5e7412\u670829\u65e5\u591c\u30011938\u5e742\u670822\u65e5\u548c3\u670829\u65e5\u591c\u7684\u4e09\u6b21\u884c\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u6709853\u540d\u30012005\u540d\u548c3082\u540d\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u88ab\u6293\uff0c\u603b\u5171\u4e3a5940\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u61c2\u4fc4\u8bed\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u4e25\u5211\u62f7\u6253\u81f4\u6b7b100\u591a\u4eba\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u53e3\u4f9b\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u9760\u5211\u8baf\u903c\u4f9b\u8feb\u4f7f\u61c2\u4fc4\u8bed\u7684\u4eba\u62db\u8ba4\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u201c\u65e5\u672c\u95f4\u8c0d\u201d\uff0c\u518d\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u4ee3\u66ff\u5176\u4ed6\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u201c\u62db\u8ba4\u201d\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u5148\u5217\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a750\u4eba\u7684\u201c\u95f4\u8c0d\u201d\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u4e0a\u62a5\u7ed9\u54c8\u5df4\u7f57\u592b\u65af\u514b\u7684\u201c\u4e09\u4eba\u5c0f\u7ec4\u201d\u3002\u201c\u4e09\u5802\u4f1a\u5ba1\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\u4e00\u5f8b\u67aa\u51b3\u3002\u65e0\u8f9c\u7684\u51a4\u9b42\u4e3a\u5c40\u957f\u548c\u5904\u957f\u94fa\u5e73\u4e86\u4ed5\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u82cf\u80541926\u4e0e1939\u5e74\u4e24\u6b21\u4eba\u53e3\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u534e\u4eba\u6570\u91cf\u4e25\u91cd\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff1f<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
\n

\u4e3a\u7b79\u529e2012\u5e74\u4e9a\u592a\u7ecf\u5408\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5cf0\u4f1a\uff0c\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5728\u6d77\u53c2\u5d34\u94fa\u8bbe\u8054\u90a6\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u4fee\u5efa\u8fd9\u6761\u9053\u8def\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u4eec\u4e8e2009\u5e7410\u6708\u5728\u8be5\u5730\u5757\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u63a9\u57cb\u5927\u91cf\u9057\u9ab8\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4f30\u8ba1\u57cb\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u5927\u6e05\u6d17\u7684\u727a\u7272\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4fee\u5efa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u6bb5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6682\u65f6\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002\u5fd7\u613f\u8005\u5728\u6316\u6398\u653f\u6cbb\u5927\u6e05\u6d17\u727a\u7272\u8005\u5c38\u9aa8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u9057\u9ab8\uff0c\u521d\u6b65\u63a8\u65ad\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u662f\u57281937\u5e74\u6e05\u6d17\u6cbb\u5b89\u6df7\u4e71\u8857\u533a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u88ab\u6740\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
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2010\u5e745\u670827\u65e5\uff0c\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6d77\u53c2\u5a01\uff08\u65e7\uff09\u57ce\u5821\u76846\u53f7\u533a\u7684\u539f\u82cf\u8054\u5185\u52a1\u4eba\u6c11\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u7279\u522b\u5211\u573a\u7684\u73b0\u573a\u6316\u6398\u5de5\u4f5c\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u00a06\u670810\u65e5\u5168\u90e8\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

\u73b0\u573a\u5171\u53d1\u6398\u51fa\u7ea6480\u4eba\u7684\u9057\u4f53\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5168\u90e8\u662f\u88ab\u67aa\u6740\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec2\u540d\u513f\u7ae5\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u662f\u5168\u5bb6\u88ab\u6293\uff0c\u8863\u7740\u826f\u597d\u5e76\u643a\u6709\u5c11\u91cf\u79c1\u4eba\u7269\u54c1\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u88ab\u4ece\u5bb6\u4e2d\u5e26\u5230\u5211\u573a\uff0c\u88ab\u8feb\u80cc\u5bf9\u7740\u6316\u6398\u5751\u7a74\u3002\u7136\u540e\u8dea\u5728\u5751\u8fb9\uff0c\u4f4e\u4e0b\u4e86\u5934\uff0c\u884c\u5211\u961f\u4e5f\u8fc5\u901f\u201c\u5b8c\u6210\u4f5c\u4e1a\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
\u4ee4\u4eba\u95fb\u98ce\u4e27\u80c6\u7684\u82cf\u8054\u5185\u52a1\u4eba\u6c11\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08\u5951\u5361\uff09<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u7535\u5f71\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4e0b\u2014\u2014\u5951\u5361 \u0427\u0435\u043a\u0438\u0441\u0442 (1992)<\/span><\/div>\n
\n

\u6545\u56fd\u5c71\u6cb3\u58ee\uff0c\u7fa4\u60c5\u5c3d\u671b\u6625<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u5982\u4eca\u6d77\u53c2\u5d34\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f88\u5c11\u5728\u65b0\u95fb\u4e2d\u88ab\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u4e2d\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u6d77\u53c2\u5d34\u88ab\u65b0\u95fb\u62a5\u9053\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0e\u91d1\u6b63\u7537\u9047\u523a\u6848\u76f8\u5173\u76844\u540d\u671d\u9c9c\u7c4d\u5acc\u7591\u72af\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u7684\u6d77\u53c2\u5d34\uff0c\u56de\u5230\u5e73\u58e4\u3002<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\u56fd\u9645\u5316\u9003\u8dd1\u8def\u7ebf<\/span><\/div>\n
\n
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